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  1. Switch from first to second-line ART is recommended by WHO for patients with virologic failure. Delays in switching may contribute to accumulated drug resistance, advanced immunosuppression, increased morbidit...

    Authors: Victor Ssempijja, Gertrude Nakigozi, Larry Chang, Ron Gray, Maria Wawer, Anthony Ndyanabo, Jingo Kasule, David Serwadda, Barbara Castelnuovo, Anja van’t Hoog and Steven James Reynolds
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:582
  2. Persistent residual viremia (RV) and low grade inflammation and immune activation have been associated with non-AIDS defining events. The impact of persistent RV and HIV-DNA load on immune activation/inflammat...

    Authors: Francesca Falasca, Daniele Di Carlo, Corrado De Vito, Isabella Bon, Gabriella d’Ettorre, Alessandra Fantauzzi, Ivano Mezzaroma, Caterina Fimiani, Maria Carla Re, Vincenzo Vullo, Guido Antonelli and Ombretta Turriziani
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:581
  3. Globally, almost 40% of tuberculosis (TB) patients remain undiagnosed, and those that are diagnosed often experience prolonged delays before initiating correct treatment, leading to ongoing transmission. While...

    Authors: Richard James, Keovathanak Khim, Lydia Boudarene, Joanne Yoong, Chea Phalla, Saly Saint, Pichenda Koeut, Tan Eang Mao, Richard Coker and Mishal Sameer Khan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:580
  4. Emergence of Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains constitutes a significant public health problem worldwide. Prevalence of MDR tuberculosis from Chad is unavailable to date.

    Authors: Awa Ba Diallo, Gedeon W. Ossoga, Geraldine Daneau, Seynabou Lo, Richard Ngandolo, Colette Diguimbaye Djaibé, Barou Djouater, Souleymane Mboup, Bouke C. de Jong, Aissatou G. Diallo and Florian Gehre
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:579
  5. Although the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in most parts of China are well under control now, in less developed areas such as Qinghai, TB still remains a major public health problem. This study aims to reveal...

    Authors: Huaxiang Rao, Xinyu Shi and Xi Zhang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:578
  6. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), one the most common causes of genital ulcers, appears to increase both the risk of HIV acquisition and HIV transmission. HSV-2/HIV co-infection among pregnant women may inc...

    Authors: Jean Wysler Domercant, Frantz Jean Louis, Erin Hulland, Mark Griswold, Jocelyne Andre-Alboth, Tun Ye and Barbara J. Marston
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:577
  7. In household contact investigations of tuberculosis (TB), a second tuberculin skin test (TST) obtained several weeks after a first negative result consistently identifies individuals that undergo TST conversio...

    Authors: Edward C. Jones-López, Carlos Acuña-Villaorduña, Geisa Fregona, Patricia Marques-Rodrigues, Laura F. White, David Jamil Hadad, Lucilia Pereira Dutra-Molina, Solange Vinhas, Avery I. McIntosh, Mary Gaeddert, Rodrigo Ribeiro-Rodrigues, Padmini Salgame, Moises Palaci, David Alland, Jerrold J. Ellner and Reynaldo Dietze
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:576
  8. Parenteral artesunate is the treatment of choice for severe malaria. Recently, haemolytic anaemia occurring 1 to 3 weeks after artesunate treatment of falciparum malaria has been reported in returning travellers ...

    Authors: C. Fanello, M. Onyamboko, S. J. Lee, C. Woodrow, S. Setaphan, K. Chotivanich, P. Buffet, S. Jauréguiberry, K. Rockett, K. Stepniewska, N. P. J. Day, N. J. White and A. M. Dondorp
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:575
  9. Reduction of accidental contamination of the near-patient environment has potential to reduce acquisition of healthcare-associated infection(s). Although medical gloves should be removed when soiled or touchin...

    Authors: S. Ali and A.P.R. Wilson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:574
  10. The worldwide emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has posed additional challenges for global tuberculosis (TB) control efforts, as limite...

    Authors: Kefyalew Addis Alene, Hengzhong Yi, Kerri Viney, Emma S. McBryde, Kunyun Yang, Liqiong Bai, Darren J. Gray, Archie C. A. Clements and Zuhui Xu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:573
  11. Some reported that organizing pneumonia (OP) may occur after influenza A infections including swine-origin influenza A (H1N1). However, OP associated with influenza B infection has never been reported. We repo...

    Authors: Nobuhiro Asai, Toyoharu Yokoi, Naoya Nishiyama, Yusuke Koizumi, Daisuke Sakanashi, Hideo Kato, Mao Hagihara, Hiroyuki Suematsu, Yuka Yamagishi and Hiroshige Mikamo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:572
  12. The implementation of rapid drug susceptibility testing (DST) is a current global priority for TB control. However, data are scarce on patient-relevant outcomes for presumptive diagnosis of drug-resistant tube...

    Authors: D. M. P. Ramalho, P. F. C. Miranda, M. K. Andrade, T. Brígido, M. P. Dalcolmo, E. Mesquita, C. F. Dias, A. N. Gambirasio, J. Ueleres Braga, A. Detjen, P. P. J. Phillips, I. Langley, P. I. Fujiwara, S. B. Squire, M. M. Oliveira and A. L. Kritski
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:571
  13. The existence of a bi-directional relationship between tuberculosis (TB) and insulin resistance (IR)/diabetes has been alluded to in literature. Although diabetes has been linked to increased tuberculosis risk...

    Authors: Lauren Philips, Janicke Visser, Daan Nel and Renée Blaauw
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:570
  14. Rotavirus was the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and young children prior to the introduction of routine vaccination. Since 2006 there have been two licensed vaccines available; with s...

    Authors: Daniel Hungerford, Katie Smith, Angela Tucker, Miren Iturriza-Gómara, Roberto Vivancos, Catherine McLeonard, Nigel A Cunliffe and Neil French
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:569
  15. Sickle Cell Trait (SCT) has been shown to be protective against malaria. A growing literature suggests that malaria exposure can reduce educational attainment. This study assessed the relationship and interact...

    Authors: Kevin Croke, Deus S. Ishengoma, Filbert Francis, Julie Makani, Mathias L. Kamugisha, John Lusingu, Martha Lemnge, Horacio Larreguy, Günther Fink and Bruno P. Mmbando
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:568
  16. Reducing delay to accessing care is necessary to reduce the Tuberculosis (TB) burden in high incidence countries such as India. This study aimed to identify factors associated with delays in seeking care for T...

    Authors: Sarah E. Van Ness, Ankit Chandra, Sonali Sarkar, Jane Pleskunas, Jerrold J. Ellner, Gautam Roy, Subitha Lakshminarayanan, Swaroop Sahu, C. Robert Horsburgh Jr, Helen E. Jenkins and Natasha S. Hochberg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:567
  17. HBV reactivation is associated with high mortality rates in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and prophylactic lamivudine (LMV) treatment is suggested to prevent this phenomenon. However, the dura...

    Authors: C. Cerva, G. Maffongelli, V. Svicher, R. Salpini, L. Colagrossi, A. Battisti, B. Mariotti, R. Cerretti, L. Cudillo and L. Sarmati
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:566
  18. The Dutch Working Party on Antibiotic Policy is developing a national antimicrobial stewardship registry. This registry will report both the quality of antibiotic use in hospitals in the Netherlands and the st...

    Authors: Marvin AH Berrevoets, Jaap ten Oever, Tom Sprong, Reinier M van Hest, Ingeborg Groothuis, Inger van Heijl, Jeroen A Schouten, Marlies E Hulscher and Bart-Jan Kullberg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:565
  19. Shortly after the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine recommendation and hence the reimbursement of vaccination costs for the respective age groups in Germany in 2007, changes in the incidence of anogenital war...

    Authors: Kathrin Thöne, Johannes Horn and Rafael Mikolajczyk
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:564
  20. The presence of more than one bacterial agent is relatively rare in infective endocarditis, although more common in prosthetic cases. Molecular diagnosis from a removed heart tissue is considered a quick and e...

    Authors: Iva Kotaskova, Petr Nemec, Martina Vanerkova, Barbora Malisova, Renata Tejkalova, Marek Orban, Vita Zampachova and Tomas Freiberger
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:563
  21. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health problem in Madagascar. A crucial element of TB control is the development of an easy and rapid method for the orientation of TB control strategies in the country. Our ...

    Authors: Noël Harijaona Ratovonirina, Niaina Rakotosamimanana, Solohery Lalaina Razafimahatratra, Mamy Serge Raherison, Guislaine Refrégier, Christophe Sola, Fanjasoa Rakotomanana and Voahangy Rasolofo Razanamparany
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:562
  22. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a food and water-borne virus causing clinical (mainly hepatitis) and subclinical disease in humans. It is important to characterize circulating strains of HAV in order to prevent HAV...

    Authors: Huseyin Yilmaz, Asiye Karakullukcu, Nuri Turan, Utku Y. Cizmecigil, Aysun Yilmaz, Ayse A. Ozkul, Ozge Aydin, Alper Gunduz, Mahmut Mete, Fadile Y. Zeyrek, Taner T. Kirazoglu, Juergen A. Richt and Bekir Kocazeybek
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:561
  23. Henan Province has been in the malaria elimination stage, with all reports of the disease being imported since 2012 and over 90% coming from Africa. Surveillance and population studies are essential for the ea...

    Authors: Chengyun Yang, Hongwei Zhang, Ruimin Zhou, Dan Qian, Ying Liu, Yuling Zhao, Suhua Li and Bianli Xu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:560
  24. Skin ulcers in American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) may heal spontaneously after months/years. However, few cases may present quick heal even during diagnosis procedure (early spontaneous healing- ESH). The ...

    Authors: Carla Oliveira-Ribeiro, Maria Inês Fernandes Pimentel, Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes Oliveira, Aline Fagundes, Maria de Fatima Madeira, Cintia Xavier Mello, Eliame Mouta-Confort, Claudia Maria Valete-Rosalino, Erica de Camargo Ferreira Vasconcellos, Marcelo Rosandiski Lyra, Leonardo Pereira Quintella, Liliane de Fatima Antonio, Armando Schubach and Fatima Conceição-Silva
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:559
  25. In multidrug regimens, including an intravenous aminoglycoside (e.g. amikacin [AMK]) is recommended for difficult-to-treat non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung diseases. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy, ...

    Authors: Kazuma Yagi, Makoto Ishii, Ho Namkoong, Takahiro Asami, Osamu Iketani, Takanori Asakura, Shoji Suzuki, Hiroaki Sugiura, Yoshitake Yamada, Tomoyasu Nishimura, Hiroshi Fujiwara, Yohei Funatsu, Yoshifumi Uwamino, Tetsuro Kamo, Sadatomo Tasaka, Tomoko Betsuyaku…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:558
  26. UNAIDS calls for fewer than 500,000 new HIV infections/year by 2020, with treatment-as-prevention being a key part of their strategy for achieving the target. A better understanding of the contribution to tran...

    Authors: Nicky McCreesh, Ioannis Andrianakis, Rebecca N. Nsubuga, Mark Strong, Ian Vernon, Trevelyan J. McKinley, Jeremy E. Oakley, Michael Goldstein, Richard Hayes and Richard G. White
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:557
  27. In the aftermath of the largest Q fever outbreak in the world, diagnosing the potentially lethal complication chronic Q fever remains challenging. PCR, Coxiella burnetii IgG phase I antibodies, CRP and 18F–FDG-PE...

    Authors: Anne F. M. Jansen, Teske Schoffelen, Julien Textoris, Jean-Louis Mege, Marrigje Nabuurs-Franssen, Ruud P. H. Raijmakers, Mihai G. Netea, Leo A. B. Joosten, Chantal P. Bleeker-Rovers and Marcel van Deuren
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:556
  28. Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) Tuberculosis (TB) has posed a great threat to global health and finance systems, especially for developing countries with high TB and Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) TB burden.

    Authors: Xiao-chun He, Ning-ning Tao, Yao Liu, Xian-xin Zhang and Huai-chen Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:555
  29. Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) is an acute-phase protein involved in inflammatory and infectious processes. This study assesses its diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with sepsis or septic shock in a medical int...

    Authors: Sonja Hamed, Michael Behnes, Dominic Pauly, Dominic Lepiorz, Max Barre, Tobias Becher, Siegfried Lang, Ibrahim Akin, Martin Borggrefe, Thomas Bertsch and Ursula Hoffmann
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:554
  30. Bacterial colonisation of the respiratory tract is commonly described and usually thought to be of no clinical significance. The aim of this study was to examine the presence and significance of bacteria and v...

    Authors: C. Raina MacIntyre, Abrar Ahmad Chughtai, Yi Zhang, Holly Seale, Peng Yang, Joshua Chen, Yang Pan, Daitao Zhang and Quanyi Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:553
  31. Data on the cost effectiveness of hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening and vaccination strategies for prevention of vertical transmission of HBV in resource limited settings is sparse.

    Authors: Angela Devine, Rebecca Harvey, Aung Myat Min, Mary Ellen T. Gilder, Moo Koh Paw, Joy Kang, Isabella Watts, Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn, François Nosten and Rose McGready
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:552
  32. Aim of this review is to focus the attention on people living with HIV infection at risk of developing a cardiovascular event. What is or what would be the most suitable antiretroviral therapy? Which statin or...

    Authors: Paolo Maggi, Antonio Di Biagio, Stefano Rusconi, Stefania Cicalini, Maurizio D’Abbraccio, Gabriella d’Ettorre, Canio Martinelli, Giuseppe Nunnari, Laura Sighinolfi, Vincenzo Spagnuolo and Nicola Squillace
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:551
  33. Improved treatment options of HIV have resulted in regular physical activities of many HIV-infected patients. However, data on effects of sports in HIV-patients are scarce.

    Authors: Stefan Schlabe, Martin Vogel, Christoph Boesecke, Carolynne Schwarze-Zander, Jürgen K. Rockstroh, Christian Körner, Klara Brixius and Jan-Christian Wasmuth
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:550
  34. Biosurveillance, a relatively young field, has recently increased in importance because of increasing emphasis on global health. Databases and tools describing particular subsets of disease are becoming increa...

    Authors: Ashlynn R. Daughton, Reid Priedhorsky, Geoffrey Fairchild, Nicholas Generous, Andrea Hengartner, Esteban Abeyta, Nileena Velappan, Antonietta Lillo, Karen Stark and Alina Deshpande
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:549
  35. Rapid diagnosis of drug resistance in tuberculosis (TB) is pivotal for the timely initiation of effective antibiotic treatment to prevent the spread of drug-resistant strains. The development of low-cost, rapi...

    Authors: El Mehdi Bentaleb, My Driss El Messaoudi, Mohammed Abid, Malika Messaoudi, Ali K. Yetisen, Hassan Sefrioui, Saaïd Amzazi and Hassan Ait Benhassou
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:548
  36. Health workers (HWs) in resource-limited settings are at high-risk of exposure to tuberculosis (TB) at work. The aim of this study was to estimate the rate of TB disease among HWs in the Free State Province of...

    Authors: Lyndsay M. O’Hara, Annalee Yassi, Muzimkhulu Zungu, Molebogeng Malotle, Elizabeth A. Bryce, Stephen J. Barker, Lincoln Darwin and J. Mark FitzGerald
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:547
  37. Tuberculosis (TB) is now the world’s leading infectious killer and major programmatic advances will be needed if we are to meet the ambitious new End TB Targets. Although mathematical models are powerful tools...

    Authors: James McCracken Trauer, Romain Ragonnet, Tan Nhut Doan and Emma Sue McBryde
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:546
  38. Since 20% of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients are asymptomatic, the early detection of PTB is a challenge particularly in sputum-scarce patients and diagnostic accuracy based solely on clinical characteri...

    Authors: Liping Yan, Qing Zhang and Heping Xiao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:545
  39. There are very few studies on reasons for loss to follow-up from TB treatment in Central Asia. This study assessed risk factors for LTFU and compared their occurrence with successfully treated (ST) patients in...

    Authors: Jessica Wohlleben, Mavluda Makhmudova, Firuza Saidova, Shahnoza Azamova, Christina Mergenthaler and Suzanne Verver
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:543
  40. Culture contamination with environmental bacteria is a major challenge in tuberculosis (TB) laboratories in hot and humid climate zones. We studied the effect of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) preservation on ...

    Authors: Hellen Hiza, Basra Doulla, Mohamed Sasamalo, Jerry Hella, Lujeko Kamwela, Francis Mhimbira, Klaus Reither, Sebastien Gagneux, Levan Jugheli and Lukas Fenner
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:542
  41. Lack of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) incidence data in (Norwegian) high-risk groups impedes the ability to make informed decisions on prevention measures. Thus we rely on modelling to estimate the incidence and bur...

    Authors: Hinta Meijerink, Richard A White, Astrid Løvlie, Birgitte Freiesleben de Blasio, Olav Dalgard, Ellen J. Amundsen, Espen Melum and Hilde Kløvstad
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:541
  42. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG) against tuberculosis is administered intradermally, and vaccination is often followed by a scar at the injection site. Among BCG-vaccinated individuals, having a scar...

    Authors: Nina Marie Birk, Thomas Nørrelykke Nissen, Monica Ladekarl, Vera Zingmark, Jesper Kjærgaard, Trine Mølbæk Jensen, Signe Kjeldgaard Jensen, Lisbeth Marianne Thøstesen, Poul-Erik Kofoed, Lone Graff Stensballe, Andreas Andersen, Ole Pryds, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Christine Stabell Benn and Dorthe Lisbeth Jeppesen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:540
  43. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of behavior-based interventions are particularly vulnerable to post-randomization changes between study arms. We assess the impact of such a change in a large, multicenter s...

    Authors: Eric T. Lofgren
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:539
  44. Chickenpox is a common contagious disease that remains an important public health issue worldwide. Over 90% of unvaccinated individuals become infected, but infection occurs at different ages in different part...

    Authors: Banghua Chen, Ayako Sumi, Lei Wang, Wang Zhou and Nobumichi Kobayashi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:538
  45. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) was first reported in China in 2011. Human-to-human transmission of the virus occurred occasionally in family clusters. However, pneumonia as an onset syndrom...

    Authors: Yiyi Zhu, Huanyu Wu, Jie Gao, Xin Zhou, Renyi Zhu, Chunzhe Zhang, Hongling Bai, Abu S. Abdullah and Hao Pan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:537
  46. Candidemia is the worldwide life-threaten disease, especially in cancer patients. This study was aimed to identify and evaluate the risk factors of candidemia in cancer patients, which will prompt the improvem...

    Authors: Ding Li, Rui Xia, Qing Zhang, Changsen Bai, Zheng Li and Peng Zhang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:536
  47. Primary invasive cutaneous aspergillosis is a rare fungal infection that occurs mostly in immunocompromised patients. Newborns of very low birth weight present a high risk for this type of infection due to an ...

    Authors: Floriane Gallais, Julie Denis, Olfa Koobar, Laurence Dillenseger, Dominique Astruc, Raoul Herbrecht, Ermanno Candolfi, Valérie Letscher-Bru and Marcela Sabou
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:535
  48. In vitro data suggests that suboptimal initial vancomycin exposure may select for heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) infections. However, no clinical studies have evaluated the re...

    Authors: Dmitriy M. Martirosov, Monique R. Bidell, Manjunath P. Pai, Marc H. Scheetz, Susan L. Rosenkranz, Corey Faragon, M. Malik, R. E. Mendes, R. N. Jones, Louise-Anne McNutt and Thomas P. Lodise
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:534
  49. Hepatic iron overload has been implicated in many liver diseases; however, whether it is involved in clonorchiasis remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether Clonorchis sinensis (C. sine...

    Authors: Su Han, Qiaoran Tang, Rui Chen, Yihong Li, Jing Shu and Xiaoli Zhang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:531

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