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  1. Content type: Case report

    Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare clinical disease with relative CD4 deficiency in the absence of HIV infection. The pathogenicity of ICL is poorly understood with an unclear incidence rate in the...

    Authors: Christina S. Thornton, Oscar Larios, Jennifer Grossman, Thomas P. Griener and Steven Vaughan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:862

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  2. Content type: Research article

    Exposure to blacklegged ticks Ixodes scapularis that transmit pathogens is thought to occur peri-domestically. However, the locations where people most frequently encounter infected ticks are not well characteriz...

    Authors: Ilya R. Fischhoff, Sarah E. Bowden, Felicia Keesing and Richard S. Ostfeld

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:861

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  3. Content type: Research article

    Enhanced surveillance for confirmed cases of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) was introduced in the Netherlands in 2003, in which reference laboratory data (NRLBM) are linked with notification data (OSIRIS...

    Authors: Diederik A. H. Brandwagt, Arie van der Ende, Wilhelmina L. M. Ruijs, Hester E. de Melker and Mirjam J. Knol

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:860

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  4. Content type: Research article

    Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the infectious diseases with a leading cause of death among adults worldwide. Metformin, a first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, may have potential for tr...

    Authors: Xinyu Yu, Ling Li, Liangtao Xia, Xin Feng, Fan Chen, Shiyi Cao and Xiang Wei

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:859

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  5. Content type: Case report

    Intravenous (IV) zanamivir could be a suitable alternative for the treatment of severe influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection in patients who are unable to take oral or inhaled medication, for example, those on mech...

    Authors: Carlo Torti, Maria Mazzitelli, Federico Longhini, Eugenio Garofalo, Andrea Bruni, Aida Giancotti, Giorgio Settimo Barreca, Angela Quirino, Maria Carla Liberto, Francesca Serapide, Giovanni Matera, Enrico Maria Trecarichi and Paolo Navalesi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:858

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Central venous catheters (CVCs) are necessary for critically ill patients, including those with hematological malignancies. However, CVC insertion is associated with inevitable risks for various adverse events...

    Authors: Osamu Imataki, Mami Shimatani, Yukiko Ohue and Makiko Uemura

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:857

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  7. Content type: Correction

    Following publication of the original article [1]. The authors reported that there is a mistake in Fig. 1: the number of patients in the control group its 449 patients, instead of 455.

    Authors: Annelies W. Mesman, Martin Soto, Julia Coit, Roger Calderon, Juan Aliaga, Nira R. Pollock, Milagros Mendoza, Francisco M. Mestanza, Carlos J. Mendoza, Megan B. Murray, Leonid Lecca, Rebecca Holmberg and Molly F. Franke

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:856

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    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:563

  8. Content type: Research article

    Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases in the Ethiopian highlands and studies on assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of the community in endemic areas are scanty. The stud...

    Authors: Helina Fikre Tamiru, Yohana James Mashalla, Rezika Mohammed and Gloria Thupayagale Tshweneagae

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:855

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  9. Content type: Research article

    Taenia hydatigena, T. multiceps, T. pisiformis, and Dipylidium caninum are four common large and medium-sized tapeworms parasitizing the small intestine of dogs and other canids. These parasites cause serious imp...

    Authors: Guo-Qiang Zhu, Li Li, John Asekhaen Ohiolei, Yan-Tao Wu, Wen-Hui Li, Nian-Zhang Zhang, Bao-Quan Fu, Hong-Bin Yan and Wan-Zhong Jia

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:854

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  10. Content type: Research article

    Between January 2015 and July 2017, we investigated the frequency of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) and carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) at the Mulago Hospital intensive car...

    Authors: Dickson Aruhomukama, Christine F. Najjuka, Henry Kajumbula, Moses Okee, Gerald Mboowa, Ivan Sserwadda, Richard Mayanja, Moses L. Joloba and David P. Kateete

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:853

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  11. Content type: Research article

    The dual challenge of low diagnostic sensitivity of microscopy test and technical challenge of performing a TB culture test poses a problem for case detection and initiation of Tuberculosis (TB) second-line tr...

    Authors: S. A. Aricha, L. Kingwara, N. W. Mwirigi, L. Chaba, T. Kiptai, J. Wahogo, J. S. Otwabe, P. O. Onyango, M. Karanja, C. Ayieko and S. W. Matu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:852

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  12. Content type: Research article

    In Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR), tuberculosis (TB) prevalence was estimated at 540/100,000 in 2011. Nevertheless, little is known about the genetic characteristics and anti-TB drug resistance of the Myc...

    Authors: Silaphet Somphavong, Jean-Luc Berland, Marie Gauthier, Thi Thuong Vu, Quang Huy Nguyen, Vibol Iem, Phouvang Vongvichit, Donekham Inthavong, Vanthala Akkhavong, Phetsavanh Chanthavilay, Sengaloun Soundala, Inthalaphone Keovichit, Glaucia Paranhos-Baccalà, Phimpha Paboriboune, Thi Van Anh Nguyen and Anne-Laure Bañuls

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:851

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  13. Content type: Research article

    To determine, from October 2010 to October 2018, the epidemiology of Deep Neck Infections (DNIs), regarding the detection, the identification and the susceptibility to antimicrobials of causative microorganism...

    Authors: Despoina Beka, Vasileios A. Lachanas, Stergios Doumas, Stelios Xytsas, Anastasios Kanatas, Efi Petinaki and Charalampos Skoulakis

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:850

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  14. Content type: Case report

    Leishmaniasis and malaria are tropical diseases with more than half of the world population at risk of infection resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Co-infection of Leishmaniasis and malaria pose...

    Authors: Pragya Gautam Ghimire, Prasanna Ghimire, Jyoti Adhikari and Anurag Chapagain

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:849

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  15. Content type: Case report

    Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin plays an important role in the treatment of patients with severe refractory human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS). High cumulative doses of conventio...

    Authors: Ayaka Ishihara, Shuji Hatakeyama, Jun Suzuki, Yusuke Amano, Teppei Sasahara, Masaki Toshima and Yuji Morisawa

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:848

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  16. Content type: Research article

    Salmonella outbreaks in childcare facilities are relatively rare, most often occurring secondary to contaminated food products or poor infection control practices. We report an outbreak of Salmonella Saintpaul at...

    Authors: Rachel M. Thomson, Hazel J. Henderson and Alison Smith-Palmer

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:847

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  17. Content type: Case report

    Cryptococcal meningitis is most commonly found in HIV-infected patients. In HIV-negative patients, its low incidence can lead to prolonged time to diagnosis. Detailed case reports of chronic cryptococcal menin...

    Authors: Alex Wagemakers, Cornelis Willem Ang, Ferry Hagen, Joost Cornelis Johannes Bot, Marije Kristianne Bomers, Marieke Christine Visser and Karin van Dijk

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:846

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  18. Content type: Case report

    18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) shows great potential for diagnosis and assessing therapeutic response of tuberculous spondylitis. Tuberculous spondylitis required long-term ant....

    Authors: Ikchan Jeon, Eunjung Kong and Sang Woo Kim

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:845

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  19. Content type: Research article

    In settings such as China, where universal implementation of directly observed therapy (DOT) is not feasible, innovative approaches are needed to support patient adherence to TB treatment. The electronic medic...

    Authors: Ni Wang, Hui Zhang, Yang Zhou, Hui Jiang, Bing Dai, Miaomiao Sun, Ying Li, Amelia Kinter and Fei Huang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:844

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  21. Content type: Research article

    HPV test implementation as a primary screening tool has the potential to decrease cervical cancer incidence as shown by several studies around the world. However, in many low-resource settings, the HPV test in...

    Authors: Pedro Surriabre, Andrea Torrico, Tania Vargas, Fuantina Ugarte, Patricia Rodriguez and Véronique Fontaine

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:842

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  22. Content type: Research article

    The purposes of this study were to determine the incidence of central and peripheral venous catheter-related bacteraemias, the relationship between the suspected and final confirmed bacteraemia origins, and th...

    Authors: Jose Manuel Ruiz-Giardin, Iciar Ochoa Chamorro, Laura Velázquez Ríos, Jeronimo Jaqueti Aroca, Maria Isabel García Arata, Juan Víctor SanMartín López and Marta Guerrero Santillán

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:841

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  23. Content type: Research article

    CD40, encoded by TNFRSF5, participates in the survival of B cells, process of antigen presentation and generation of CD8+ T cell memory. It also has an important effect on HCV antiviral immune response. This stud...

    Authors: Ting Tian, Peng Huang, Jingjing Wu, Chunhui Wang, Haozhi Fan, Yun Zhang, Rongbin Yu, Chao Wu, Xueshan Xia, Zuqiang Fu, Jun Li and Ming Yue

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:840

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  24. Content type: Study protocol

    Household contact tracing of index TB cases has been advocated as a key part of TB control for many years, but has not been widely implemented in many low-resource setting because of the current dearth of high...

    Authors: Peter MacPherson, Emily L. Webb, Ebrahim Variava, Sanjay G. Lala, Minja Milovanovic, Andrew Ratsela, Limakatso Lebina, Anthony Kinghorn and Neil A. Martinson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:839

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  25. Content type: Research article

    Helminthic and protozoan infections are common, particularly in low- or middle-income countries. Although an association between parasite carriage and markers of poor growth have been shown in some studies, sy...

    Authors: Timothy P. W. Jones, John D. Hart, Khumbo Kalua and Robin L. Bailey

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:838

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  26. Content type: Research article

    Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in developing countries like Bangladesh. Female sex workers (FSWs) and their clients are active sources for spreading TB. The purpose of this study was to ass...

    Authors: Md. Masud Rana, Md. Rafiqul Islam, Sheikh MoinUddin, Md. Abdul Wadood and Md. Golam Hossain

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:837

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  27. Content type: Case report

    Moraxella nonliquefaciens is a usually non-pathogenic biofilm-producing Gram-negative coccobacillus which may colonize the upper respiratory tract, rarely causing invasive disease. Although very rare, bloodstream...

    Authors: Carlos L. Correa-Martínez, Kerstin K. Rauwolf, Franziska Schuler, Miriam Füller, Stefanie Kampmeier and Andreas H. Groll

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:836

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  28. Content type: Research article

    Increasing number of hospitalized children with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is co-detected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp). The clinical characteristics and impact of Mp co-detected with other bacterial an...

    Authors: Meng-chuan Zhao, Le Wang, Fang-zhou Qiu, Li Zhao, Wei-wei Guo, Shuo Yang, Zhi-shan Feng and Gui-xia Li

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:835

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  29. Content type: Research article

    Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)-containing combinations were introduced in Switzerland after October 2016 and are recommended over tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in patients with osteoporosis or impaired rena...

    Authors: Bernard Surial, Matthias Cavassini, Alexandra Calmy, Jan Fehr, Marcel Stöckle, Enos Bernasconi, Bianca Roth, Christoph A. Fux, Helen Kovari, Hansjakob Furrer, Andri Rauch and Gilles Wandeler

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:834

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  30. Content type: Research article

    Persistent symptoms attributed to Lyme borreliosis often include self-reported cognitive impairment. However, it remains unclear whether these symptoms can be substantiated by objective cognitive testing.

    Authors: Anneleen Berende, Joost Agelink van Rentergem, Andrea W. M. Evers, Hadewych J. M. ter Hofstede, Fidel J. Vos, Bart Jan Kullberg and Roy P. C. Kessels

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:833

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  31. Content type: Research article

    Intestinal schistosomiasis is highly endemic in Tanzania and mass drug administration (MDA) using praziquantel is the mainstay of the control program. However, the MDA program covers only school aged children ...

    Authors: Andreas Mueller, Antje Fuss, Uwe Ziegler, Godfrey M. Kaatano and Humphrey D. Mazigo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:832

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  32. Content type: Research article

    Whether past history of solid stage I/II inactive cancer has an impact on 28-day mortality of sepsis remains unclear. We aimed to determine the impact of history of stage I or II solid tumor malignancy in comp...

    Authors: George Dimοpoulos, Nikoletta Rovina, Maria Patrani, Eleni Antoniadou, Dimitrios Konstantonis, Konstantina Vryza, Glykeria Vlachogianni, Miltiades Kyprianou, Christina Routsi and Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:831

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  33. Content type: Research article

    Many gaps in the burden of resistant pathogens exist in endemic areas of low- and middle-income economies, especially those endemic for carbapenem resistance. The aim of this study is to evaluate risk factors ...

    Authors: Astrid V. Cienfuegos-Gallet, Ana M. Ocampo de Los Ríos, Patricia Sierra Viana, Faiver Ramirez Brinez, Carlos Restrepo Castro, Gustavo Roncancio Villamil, Helena del Corral Londoño and J. Natalia Jiménez

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:830

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  34. Content type: Research article

    Acinetobacter baumannii is an increasingly worrying organism in the healthcare setting, due to its multidrug resistance and persistence. Prolonged hospitalisation, immunocompromised patients and excessive antibio...

    Authors: Leena Al-Hassan, Mai M. Zafer and Hadir El-Mahallawy

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:829

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  35. Content type: Research article

    Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a rising public health problem and has attracted considerable attention worldwide. The purpose of this study was to develop an optimal model with meteorological factors t...

    Authors: Wendong Liu, Changjun Bao, Yuping Zhou, Hong Ji, Ying Wu, Yingying Shi, Wenqi Shen, Jing Bao, Juan Li, Jianli Hu and Xiang Huo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:828

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  36. Content type: Research article

    The worldwide expansion of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in cases of genital infections has led to an increased recurrence rate of these infections after first-line azithromycin treatment. By det...

    Authors: Olivier Thellin, Benaïssa Elmoualij, Willy Zorzi, Jorgen S. Jensen, Renaud Close, Valerie Deregowski, Muriel Le Guern Fellous and Pascale Quatresooz

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:827

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  37. Content type: Research article

    The association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and thyroid disease has been poorly studied. Therefore, we sought to determine the association between T. gondii seropositivity and thyroid dysfunction.

    Authors: Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel, Agar Ramos-Nevarez, Carlos Alberto Guido-Arreola, Sandra Margarita Cerrillo-Soto, Alma Rosa Pérez-Álamos, Sergio Estrada-Martínez, Verónica Dayali Gutierrez-Martinez, Antonio Sifuentes-Alvarez, Eda Guadalupe Ramírez-Valles and Edith Contreras-Cisneros

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:826

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  38. Content type: Research article

    Detecting avian influenza virus has become an important public health strategy for controlling the emerging infectious disease.

    Authors: Xiaorong Guo, Dong Yang, Ruchun Liu, Yaman Li, Qingqing Hu, Xinrui Ma, Yelan Li, Heng Zhang, Xixing Zhang, Benhua Zhao and Tianmu Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:825

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  39. Content type: Research article

    To reduce acquisition and relapse of bacterial vaginosis (BV), lactobacilli must be maintained in the vaginal microbiome. Probiotic lactobacilli may aid this purpose. We investigated whether vaginal probiotics...

    Authors: Harold Marcotte, Per Göran Larsson, Kasper Krogh Andersen, Fanglei Zuo, Lasse Sommer Mikkelsen, Erik Brandsborg, Glenda Gray, Fatima Laher and Kennedy Otwombe

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:824

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  40. Content type: Research article

    The purpose of this study was to gather temporal trends on bacteria epidemiology and resistance of intraoperative bone culture from chronic ostemyelitis at an affiliated hospital in South China.

    Authors: Xianghong Zhang, Qiong Lu, Tang Liu, Zhihong Li and Weiliang Cai

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:823

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  41. Content type: Study protocol

    Current guidelines and targets for soil-transmitted helminth (STH) control focus on school-based deworming for school-age children, given the high risk of associated morbidity in this age group. However, expan...

    Authors: Naomi E. Clarke, Dinh Ng-Nguyen, Rebecca J. Traub, Archie C. A. Clements, Kate Halton, Roy M. Anderson, Darren J. Gray, Luc E. Coffeng, John M. Kaldor and Susana Vaz Nery

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:822

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  42. Content type: Research article

    Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is common in men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV. The Swiss HCVree Trial targeted a micro-elimination by using a treat and counsel strategy. Self-reported condomless anal intercour...

    Authors: Patrizia Künzler-Heule, Sandra Engberg, Manuel Battegay, Axel J. Schmidt, Katharina Fierz, Huyen Nguyen, Agnes Kocher, Christiana Nöstlinger, Benjamin Hampel, Marcel Stöckle, Charles Béguelin, Julie Delaloye, Patrick Schmid, Markus Flepp, Mathieu Rougement, Dominique Laurent Braun…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:821

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  44. Content type: Research article

    Reports on the worldwide ascending trend of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) isolation rates and their effective role in respiratory tract infections are compelling. However, as yet, there are no su...

    Authors: Reem Gharbi, Besma Mhenni, Saloua Ben Fraj and Helmi Mardassi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:819

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  45. Content type: Research article

    The emergence of Drug-Resistance Tuberculosis (DR-TB) is an increasing global public health problem. Lost to Follow-up (LTFU) from DR-TB treatment remains a major barrier to tuberculosis epidemic control and b...

    Authors: Getahun Molla Kassa, Alemayehu Shimeka Teferra, Haileab Fekadu Wolde, Atalay Goshu Muluneh and Mehari Woldemariam Merid

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:817

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  46. Content type: Case report

    Elite controllers (EC), a small subset of the HIV-positive population (< 1%), suppress HIV viremia below the limit of quantification of clinical viral load assays in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART)...

    Authors: Deirdre Morley, John S. Lambert, Louise E. Hogan, Cillian De Gascun, Niamh Redmond, Rachel L. Rutishauser, Cassandra Thanh, Erica A. Gibson, Kristen Hobbs, Sonia Bakkour, Michael P. Busch, Jeremy Farrell, Padraig McGetrick and Timothy J. Henrich

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:815

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  47. Content type: Research article

    Rubella is an RNA virus in the genus Rubivirus within the Matonaviridae family. Rubella remains a leading vaccine-preventable cause of birth defects. Most African countries including Liberia do not currently prov...

    Authors: Abyot Bekele Woyessa, Mohammed Seid Ali, Tiala K. Korkpor, Roland Tuopileyi II, Henry T. Kohar, John Dogba, April Baller, Julius Monday, Suleman Abdullahi, Thomas Nagbe, Gertrude Mulbah, Mohammed Kromah, Jeremy Sesay, Kwuakuan Yealue, Tolbert Nyenswah and Mesfin Zbelo Gebrekidan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:813

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  48. Content type: Research article

    Invasive group B Streptococcus (GBS) disease in Chinese infants has gradually gained attention in recent years, but the molecular epidemiology of the pathogen is still not well known.

    Authors: Juan Li, Wenjing Ji, Kankan Gao, Haijian Zhou, Lihua Zhang, Xiaoping Mu, Chunlei Yuan, Xiaoshan Guan, Qiulian Deng, Lian Zhang, Huamin Zhong, Xiurong Gao, Fei Gao, Yan Long, Chien-Yi Chang, David J. McIver…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:812

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  49. Content type: Research article

    Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem in China. Over a decade has passed since the last National Hepatitis Seroepidemiological Survey was conducted in 2006. The lack of updated dat...

    Authors: Huai Wang, Peixuan Men, Yufeng Xiao, Pei Gao, Min Lv, Qianli Yuan, Weixin Chen, Shuang Bai and Jiang Wu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:811

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  50. Content type: Research article

    The 2014–2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa was the largest Ebola epidemic to date. Contact tracing was a core surveillance activity. Challenges with paper-based contact tracing systems include incomplete iden...

    Authors: Lisa O. Danquah, Nadia Hasham, Matthew MacFarlane, Fatu E. Conteh, Fatoma Momoh, Andrew A. Tedesco, Amara Jambai, David A. Ross and Helen A. Weiss

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:810

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