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  1. Content type: Study protocol

    Cryptosporidium is among the most common causes of severe diarrhea in African children 0–23 months old. It is associated with excess mortality, stunting and malnutrition. The most common manifestation of crypt...

    Authors: Wongani Nyangulu, Wes Van Voorhis and Pui-Ying Iroh Tam

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:728

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  2. Content type: Research article

    Since 2000, substantial increases in syphilis in men who have sex with men (MSM) have been reported in many cities. Condomless anal sex (CAS) is one of the factors, along with drugs for sex and sex in group. T...

    Authors: Maider Arando, Candela Fernandez-Naval, Miriam Mota-Foix, Desi Martinez, Pere Armengol, Maria Jesús Barberá, Juliana Esperalba and Martí Vall-Mayans

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:727

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  3. Content type: Research article

    Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) have been used as a diagnostic tool for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Taiwan for many years. In accordance with Taiwanese legislation, health care personnel are requir...

    Authors: Chih-Wei Wu, Yao-Kuang Wu, Chou-Chin Lan, Mei-Chen Yang, Ting-Qian Dong, I-Shiang Tzeng and Shu-Shien Hsiao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:726

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  4. Content type: Research article

    Female sex workers (FSWs) at substantial risk of HIV are potentially a suitable group for HIV prevention trials including vaccine trials. Few HIV vaccine preparatory studies have been conducted among FSWs in S...

    Authors: Yunia Mayanja, Andrew Abaasa, Gertrude Namale, Gershim Asiki, Matthew A. Price and Anatoli Kamali

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:725

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in HIV endemic settings is a major threat to public health. MDR-TB is a substantial and underreported problem in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with recognised cases projec...

    Authors: Elvis Dzelamonyuy Chem, Marie Claire Van Hout and Vivian Hope

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:723

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  7. Content type: Case report

    Coccidioides spp. are dimorphic fungi endemic to Central America, regions of South America and southwestern USA. Two species cause most human disease: Coccidioides immitis (primarily California isolates) and Cocc...

    Authors: Raynell Lang, William Stokes, Jane Lemaire, Andrew Johnson and John Conly

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:722

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  8. Content type: Study protocol

    Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising and effective tool to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission; however, context-specific data to guide optimal implementation are currently lackin...

    Authors: Hongyi Wang, Yonghui Zhang, Zhu Mei, Yueru Jia, Sequoia I. Leuba, Jing Zhang, Zhenxing Chu, Haibo Ding, Yongjun Jiang, Wenqing Geng, Hong Shang and Junjie Xu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:721

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  9. Content type: Case report

    Non-tuberculous mycobacteria cause chronic pulmonary infection, but pleuritis and pleural effusion are rarely associated with infection with non-tuberculous mycobacteria, especially rapid-growing mycobacteria.

    Authors: Ryosuke Hirabayashi, Atsushi Nakagawa, Hiroshi Takegawa and Keisuke Tomii

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:720

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  10. Content type: Case report

    Clostridium perfringens can cause various infections, including food poisoning, gas gangrene, cellulitis and fasciitis. C. perfringens septicemia is rare, but is a known cause of hemolysis by damaging red blood c...

    Authors: Masahide Sakaue, Koshi Ota, Eriko Nakamura, Masahiko Nitta, Masahiro Oka, Yasuo Oishi, Yohei Sano, Shinya Yonogi and Akira Takasu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:719

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  11. Content type: Research article

    We developed a clinical bedside tool to simultaneously estimate the probabilities of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (3GC-R), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), and mult...

    Authors: Thomas P. Lodise, Nicole Gidaya Bonine, Jiatao Michael Ye, Henry J. Folse and Patrick Gillard

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:718

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  12. Content type: Research article

    Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) have emerged as a major causative agent of blood-stream infections (BSI). Linezolid (LZD) is currently used for treating glycopeptide and methicillin-resistant staphyloc...

    Authors: Gajanand Mittal, Vasundhra Bhandari, Rajni Gaind, Vandana Rani, Shimpi Chopra, Reetika Dawar, Raman Sardana and P. K. Verma

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:717

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  13. Content type: Research article

    Asymptom of invasive candidiasis (IC) and low positive rate of blood culture lead to delay diagnose of neonatal infection. Serum (1,3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) performs well in adult IC, but its use in neonatal IC is ...

    Authors: Junfei Guo, Yongbing Wu, Weiming Lai, Weiming Lu and Xiaoping Mu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:716

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  14. Content type: Research article

    Gynecomastia is known to occur in some men taking an efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen. However, the incidence and outcomes of gynecomastia are not known in Zimbabwe. We described the charac...

    Authors: Sandra Shawarira-Bote, Tinei Shamu and Cleophas Chimbetete

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:715

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Despite rapid scale up of antiretroviral therapy (ART), Tuberculosis (TB) remains the commonest opportunistic infection and cause of death among HIV infected individuals in resource limited settings like India...

    Authors: Ameet Dravid, Kartik Natarajan, Mahenderkumar Medisetty, Raviraj Gawali, Uma Mahajan, Milind Kulkarni, Chinmay Saraf, Charuta Ghanekar, Sachin Kore, Niranjan Rathod and Mrudula Dravid

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:714

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  16. Content type: Research article

    Management of partially-treated, community-acquired bacterial meningitis (PCBM) is commonly compromised by lack of microbiological diagnosis. We aimed to analyze the impact of FilmArray Meningitis-Encephalitis...

    Authors: Yair Mina, Vered Schechner, Michal Savion, Dafna Yahav, Efraim Bilavsky, Nadav Sorek, Haim Ben-Zvi and Amos Adler

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:713

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) infections are of increasing concern in many hospitalized patients. Patients with cirrhosis are at added risk of infection with VRE, with associated increased risk for co...

    Authors: Melissa Barger, Emily Blodget, Sol Pena, Wendy Mack and Tse-Ling Fong

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:711

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  18. Content type: Case report

    Pulmonary Cryptococcosis (PC) is diagnosed with increasing incidence in recent years, but it does not commonly involve the pleural space. Here, we report a HIV-negative case with advanced stage IIIB non-small ...

    Authors: Yuan Zhang, Sean X. Zhang, Julie Trivedi, Adam D. Toll, Julie Brahmer, Russell Hales, Sarah Bonerigo, Mingying Zeng, Huiping Li and Rex C. Yung

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:710

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  19. Content type: Correction

    After publication of the original article [1], in Table 1, in the second and third column, “Vacnee” and “Non-vacnee” should be replaced with “Vaccinee” and “Non-vaccinee”.

    Authors: Natsumi Shibata, Shinya Kimura, Takahiro Hoshino and Hisashi Urushihara

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:709

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    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:586

  20. Content type: Research article

    Thymidine analogues (TA) and didanosine (ddI) are associated with long-lasting adipose tissue redistribution. Adiponectin is a widely used marker of adipocyte activity, and adipose tissue density assessed by C...

    Authors: Marco Gelpi, Andreas Dehlbæk Knudsen, Karoline Brostrup Larsen, Amanda Mocroft, Anne-Mette Lebech, Birgitte Lindegaard, Jens Lundgren, Klaus Fuglsang Kofoed and Susanne Dam Nielsen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:708

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  21. Content type: Case report

    Talaromyces marneffei is a thermally dimorphic fungus endemic in south-east Asia. It predominantly occurs in both immunocompromised and immunosuppressed patients and can be fatal if diagnosis and treatment are...

    Authors: Jiayi Xian, Xiaowen Huang, Qiaofei Li, Xiaoming Peng and Xuebiao Peng

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:707

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  22. Content type: Research article

    HTLV-1 infection is a neglected disease, despite infecting 10–15 million people worldwide and severe illnesses develop in 10% of carriers lifelong. Acknowledging a greater risk for developing HTLV-1 associated...

    Authors: Carmen de Mendoza, Lourdes Roc, Rafael Benito, Gabriel Reina, José Manuel Ramos, Cesar Gómez, Antonio Aguilera, Manuel Rodríguez-Iglesias, Juan García-Costa, Miriam Fernández-Alonso and Vicente Soriano

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:706

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  23. Content type: Research article

    In recent times, emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases are posing a public health threat in developing countries, and vigilant surveillance is necessary to prepare against these threats. Analyses of mul...

    Authors: Badral Davgasuren, Suvdmaa Nyam, Tsoggerel Altangerel, Oyunbileg Ishdorj, Ambaselmaa Amarjargal and Jun Yong Choi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:705

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  24. Content type: Case report

    Plasmodium vivax transmission in West Africa, dominant for the Duffy-negative blood group, has been increasingly recognized from both local residents as well as international travelers who contracted P. vivax mal...

    Authors: Xi He, Maohua Pan, Weilin Zeng, Chunyan Zou, Liang Pi, Yucheng Qin, Luyi Zhao, Pien Qin, Yuxin Lu, J. Kevin Baird, Yaming Huang, Liwang Cui and Zhaoqing Yang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:704

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  25. Content type: Research article

    Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health problem in correctional settings. HCV treatment is often not possible in U.S. jails due to short lengths of stay. Linkage to care is crucial in these settings, ...

    Authors: Matthew J. Akiyama, Devin Columbus, Ross MacDonald, Alison O. Jordan, Jessie Schwartz, Alain H. Litwin, Benjamin Eckhardt and Ellie Carmody

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:703

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  26. Content type: Research article

    Hepatitis C infection is a major public health concern globally. In Ireland, like other European countries, people who use drugs (PWUD) and prisoners carry a larger HCV disease burden than the general populati...

    Authors: D. Crowley, R. Murtagh, W. Cullen, J. S. Lambert, T. McHugh and M. C. Van Hout

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:702

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  27. Content type: Research article

    In recent years, studies on the diagnostic accuracy of in-house real-time PCR (hRT-PCR) assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have been reported with unignorable discrepancies. To assess the...

    Authors: Zhenhong Wei, Xiaoping Zhang, Chaojun Wei, Liang Yao, Yonghong Li, Xiaojing Zhang, Hui Xu, Yanjuan Jia, Rui Guo, Yu Wu, Kehu Yang and Xiaoling Gao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:701

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  28. Content type: Research article

    The SELPHI study (An HIV Self-Testing Public Health Intervention) is an online randomised controlled trial (RCT) of HIV self-testing (HIVST). The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of recruiting U...

    Authors: T. Charles Witzel, Michelle M. Gabriel, Leanne McCabe, Peter Weatherburn, Mitzy Gafos, Andrew Speakman, Roger Pebody, Fiona M. Burns, Chris Bonell, Fiona C. Lampe, David T. Dunn, Denise Ward, Justin Harbottle, Andrew N. Phillips, Sheena McCormack and Alison J. Rodger

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:699

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  29. Content type: Research article

    To analyze hospitalization episodes with an ICD-9 diagnosis code of influenza (codes 487 and 488) in any diagnostic position from 2009 to 2015 in the Spanish hospital surveillance system.

    Authors: J. M. San-Román-Montero, R. Gil Prieto, C. Gallardo Pino, J. Hinojosa Mena, A. Zapatero Gaviria and A. Gil de Miguel

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:700

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  31. Content type: Research article

    S. pneumoniae is the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia in the solid organ transplant recipient (SOTR); nevertheless, the prevalence of colonization and of the colonizing/infecting serotypes has not be...

    Authors: Cristina Roca-Oporto, Tania Cebrero-Cangueiro, María Luisa Gil-Marqués, Gema Labrador-Herrera, Younes Smani, Francisco Manuel González-Roncero, Luis Miguel Marín, Jerónimo Pachón, María Eugenia Pachón-Ibáñez and Elisa Cordero

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:697

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  32. Content type: Research article

    Human norovirus is regarded as the leading cause of nonbacterial acute diarrhea in developing and developed countries. Among all genotypes, GII.4 has been the predominant genotype, but in East Asia, it was rep...

    Authors: Liang Xue, Weicheng Cai, Junshan Gao, Le Zhang, Ruimin Dong, Yonglai Li, Haoming Wu, Moutong Chen, Jumei Zhang, Juan Wang and Qingping Wu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:696

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  33. Content type: Research article

    Diagnosis is the most strenuous step in the evaluation of neonatal sepsis. No gold standard diagnostic method is available except for blood culture. We aimed to investigate the role of positive and negative ac...

    Authors: Halil Değirmencioğlu, Buse Ozer Bekmez, Turan Derme, Mehmet Yekta Öncel, Fuat Emre Canpolat and Cüneyt Tayman

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:695

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  34. Content type: Research article

    Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is an underdiagnosed and misdiagnosed disease and now increasingly recognised. However, the diagnosis of CPA remains challenging. In this study, we aimed to investigate th...

    Authors: Xiuqing Ma, Kaifei Wang, Xin Zhao, Yang Liu, Yanqin Li, Xiaotian Yu, Chunsun Li, David W. Denning and Lixin Xie

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:694

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  35. Content type: Research article

    The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes towards pregnancy-related issues of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection among general practitioners (GPs), a frontline healthcare worker group, in Indone...

    Authors: Harapan Harapan, Yogambigai Rajamoorthy, Prattama S. Utomo, Samsul Anwar, Abdul M. Setiawan, Alma Alleta, Alfredo Bambang, Muhammad R. Ramadana, Ikram Ikram, Nur Wahyuniati, Reza Maulana, Ichsan Ichsan, Rosaria Indah, Abram L. Wagner, Ulrich Kuch, David A. Groneberg…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:693

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  36. Content type: Research article

    Definitive diagnosis of meningitis is made by analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) obtained from a lumbar puncture (LP), which may take days. A timelier diagnostic c...

    Authors: Michelle Troendle and Alexis Pettigrew

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:692

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  37. Content type: Research article

    Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) represents about 14% of all cases of tuberculosis (TB) in Malaysia. The aims of the study include evaluation of socio-demographic factors, clinical manifestations, co-morbid...

    Authors: Amer Hayat Khan, Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman, Madeeha Laghari, Mohamed Azmi Hassali, Abdul Razak Muttalif, Zohra Bhatti, Long Chiau Ming and Bandeh Ali Talpur

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:691

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  38. Content type: Research article

    In most developing countries, puerperal sepsis is treated empirically with broad spectrum antibiotics due to lack of resources for culture and antibiotics susceptibility testing. However, empirical treatment d...

    Authors: Raymond Kiponza, Belinda Balandya, Mtebe V. Majigo and Mecky Matee

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:690

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  39. Content type: Research article

    Isoniazid (INH) represents the cornerstone for the treatment of cases infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains. Several molecular mechanisms have been shown to be the major causes for INH resistance...

    Authors: Fengmin Huo, Jie Lu, Zhaojing Zong, Wei Jing, Jin Shi, Yifeng Ma, Lingling Dong, Liping Zhao, Yufeng Wang, Hairong Huang and Yu Pang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:689

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  40. Content type: Research article

    The epidemiology and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are not well known; however, this information is crucial to shaping the country’s public health approach to hepatitis C control.

    Authors: Jean Damascene Makuza, Carol Y. Liu, Corneille Killy Ntihabose, Donatha Dushimiyimana, Sabine Umuraza, Marie Paul Nisingizwe, Justine Umutesi, Janvier Serumondo, Soline Dusabeyesu Mugeni, Muhamed Semakula, Neil Gupta, Margaret Hellard and Sabin Nsanzimana

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:688

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  41. Content type: Correspondence

    Jiao and colleagues reported a case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome who developed respiratory failure and symmetrical flaccid paralysis of all extremities. Electrophysiology revealed peripheral nerve ...

    Authors: Linpei Jia, Rufu Jia and Hongliang Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:687

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    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:143

  42. Content type: Research article

    In Europe, the highest proportion of HIV diagnoses are in gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Globally, HIV prevalence is particularly high among males who report selling sex, but rates among me...

    Authors: Rigmor C. Berg, Peter Weatherburn, Ulrich Marcus and Axel J. Schmidt

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:686

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  43. Content type: Research article

    HIV-infected children are at a higher risk of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD) and its mortality, even in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, an effective vaccination strategy would be beneficial....

    Authors: Hossein Molavi Vardanjani, Hodjat Borna and Ali Ahmadi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:685

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  44. Content type: Case report

    Botrytis species are well known fungal pathogens of various plants but have not been reported as human pathogens, except as allergenic precipitants of asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

    Authors: Seishu Hashimoto, Eisaku Tanaka, Masakuni Ueyama, Satoru Terada, Takashi Inao, Yusuke Kaji, Takehiro Yasuda, Takashi Hajiro, Tatsuo Nakagawa, Satoshi Noma, Gen Honjo, Yoichiro Kobashi, Noriyuki Abe, Katsuhiko Kamei and Yoshio Taguchi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:684

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  45. Content type: Research article

    WHO identifies pregnant women to be at increased risk for severe outcomes from influenza virus infections and recommends that they be prioritized for influenza vaccination. The evidence supporting this, howeve...

    Authors: Dominik Mertz, Calvin Ka-Fung Lo, Lyubov Lytvyn, Justin R. Ortiz and Mark Loeb

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:683

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  46. Content type: Research article

    Adolescents are a prime target group for tuberculosis (TB) vaccine trials that include prevention of infection (POI). The BCG vaccine is given at birth and does not prevent TB infection. TB infection, a critic...

    Authors: Videlis Nduba, Anna H. van’t Hoog, Annefleur de Bruijn, Ellen M. H. Mitchell, Kayla Laserson and Martien Borgdorff

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:682

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  47. Content type: Research article

    A major challenge in dengue management in resource limited settings is the confirmation of diagnosis. Clinical features of dengue often overlap with other infections and molecular diagnostic tools are not read...

    Authors: Ponsuge Chathurani Sigera, Ranmalee Amarasekara, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Senaka Rajapakse, Praveen Weeratunga, Nipun Lakshita De Silva, Chun Hong Huang, Malaya K. Sahoo, Benjamin A. Pinsky, Dylan R. Pillai, Hasitha A. Tissera, Saroj Jayasinghe, Shiroma Handunnetti and Sumadhya D. Fernando

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:680

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  48. Content type: Case report

    Abnormal sexual behaviors presenting as manifestations of rabies have occasionally been reported in the literature, although little attention has been paid to these cases to date. This study aimed to analyze t...

    Authors: Zhaoxing Tian, Yingyu Chen and Wei Yan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:679

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  49. Content type: Research article

    Fecal colonization with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a risk factor for bacterial translocation resulting in subsequent endogenous infections. The purpose of this study is to investigate the...

    Authors: Fen Pan, Dongxing Tian, Bingjie Wang, Wantong Zhao, Huihong Qin, Tiandong Zhang and Hong Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:678

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  50. Content type: Technical advance

    In addition to seasonal influenza viruses recently circulating in humans, avian influenza viruses (AIVs) of H5N1, H5N6 and H7N9 subtypes have also emerged and demonstrated human infection abilities with high m...

    Authors: Su Jeong Ahn, Yun Hee Baek, Khristine Kaith S. Lloren, Won-Suk Choi, Ju Hwan Jeong, Khristine Joy C. Antigua, Hyeok-il Kwon, Su-Jin Park, Eun-Ha Kim, Young-il Kim, Young-Jae Si, Seung Bok Hong, Kyeong Seob Shin, Sungkun Chun, Young Ki Choi and Min-Suk Song

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:676

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