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Echinococcosis, also known as hydatid disease, is a zoonotic parasitic disease prevalent in pastoral areas, mainly involving the liver and lungs, and less frequently the bones and surrounding soft tissues. Dia...
The severity and distribution of dengue virus (DENV) infections have been attributed to a complex interaction among viral, host and environmental factors. Herein, we investigated the influence of chikungunya (...
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus. In pregnant women, CMV infection is usually mildly symptomatic or asymptomatic but can lead to fetal infection. Here we present a rare case of severe CMV pneumonitis an...
This study aimed to evaluate the socio-demographic, clinical, and laboratory risk factors in hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the first 6 months of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic.
Human adenovirus (HAdV) infection outbreak causes community-acquired pneumonia. Cellular immune dysfunction and hypercytokinemia play important roles in the pathogenesis of adenovirus respiratory infection. So...
In countries with mature generalized HIV epidemics such as Uganda, there are still groups of individuals that are disproportionately affected. Among the key populations in Uganda are fishing communities, which...
Anthracosis is a disease generally considered to be in the lungs resulting from exposure to industrial dust in the workplace. Esophageal anthracosis is a fairly rare phenomenon and shows a strong correlation w...
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a threat to patients. Accurate surveillance is required to identify and prevent HAIs. To estimate the incidence rate, report the accuracy and identify the barriers o...
Nasopharyngeal swabs are taken to determine the causative agent of community acquired pneumonia (CAP), while the reliability of upper respiratory tract sampling as a proxy for lower respiratory tract infection...
Several studies have shown different effects of telehealth interventions on adherence to Antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV. This study conducted a meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled...
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) usually demonstrates multi-organ injury with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to investigate associations of serum aspartate/alanine aminotransferase (...
Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by the Bacillus anthracis bacteria, which is one of the top five important livestock diseases and the second top priority zoonotic disease, next to rabies, in Ethiopia, which ...
Brucellosis is highly contagious zoonotic bacterial disease caused by gram-negative genus. It has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations and due to variety and nonspecificity of clinical signs the diagnost...
In yellow fever (YF) endemic areas, measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), and YF vaccines are often co-administered in childhood vaccination schedules. Because these are live vaccines, we assessed potential immun...
HIV-1 remains a global health concern and to date, nearly 38 million people are living with HIV. The complexity of HIV-1 pathogenesis and its subsequent prevalence is influenced by several factors including th...
Ureaplasma urealyticum is the most prevalent genital mycoplasma isolated from the urogenital tract of females, but there is no unified treatment plan. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of azithromycin in...
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) are serious global public health problems. This study aimed to explore the differences in drug resistance between DR-TB patients with and without ...
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. We qualitatively evaluated the implementation of an Evidence-Based Multiple Focus Integrated Intensified TB...
The HIV epidemic is still expanding among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China, but HIV testing rates remain suboptimal. Network-based interventions, such as secondary distribution, have shown promise to e...
Some studies have reported the possible role of vitamin D3 in ameliorating disease outcomes in childhood infectious diarrhea. However, findings about its effectiveness and the association of serum vitamin D level...
Globally, it has been reported that different social determinants of health -structural, sociodemographic, economic, living conditions and cultural factors- may affect opportunities to adhere to prevention mea...
The life-threatening pathogen Leptospira interrogans is the most common agent of leptospirosis, an emerging zoonotic disease. However, little is known about the strains that are currently circulating worldwide du...
In preparation of future pandemics, it is important to recognise population-level determinants associated with development of severe illness before efficient vaccines and evidence-based therapeutic measures ar...
People experiencing homelessness (PEH) have been identified as being increasingly susceptible to Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), with policies enacted to test, isolate, increase hygiene practices and prioritis...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotyping has been crucial to determining the distribution and impact of different families on disease clinical presentation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations amon...
Pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) is a fungal infection that can have a variable prognosis depending on several factors. The objective of this study was to analyse the characteristics of pulmonary lesions and iden...
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) may be involved in the natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. In our study, we aimed to investigate the association of TLR4 (rs10116253, rs1927911, rs10759931) and TLR...
Hepatitis B infection seriously threatens global public health, especially in developing nations. Despite several investigations on HBV incidence, the national pooled prevalence remains unknown, particularly i...
This study aimed to evaluate the reactogenicity effects of COVID-19 vaccines, used in Iran.
Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment involves toxic drugs that cause adverse events (AEs), which are life-threatening and may lead to death if not well managed. In Uganda, the prevalence of MDR...
Diagnostics for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are usually inaccurate, expensive, or complicated. The breathomics-based method may be an attractive option for fast and noninvasive PTB detection.
Pregnancy increases a woman’s risk of severe dengue. To the best of our knowledge, the moderation effect of the dengue serotype among pregnant women has not been studied in Mexico. This study explores how preg...
Our study survey assessed HIV risk profile and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among HIV-negative individuals seeking mpox vaccination, elucidating HIV prevention gaps and opportunities.
Typical Lemierre’s syndrome is usually secondary to an oropharyngeal infection. Recently, several cases following a primary infection site other than the oropharynx have been reported as atypical Lemierre’s sy...
To understand the factors influencing clinical outcomes of severe hand, foot, and mouth diseases (HFMD), and to provide scientific evidence for reducing the mortality risk of severe HFMD.
Several prolonged typhoid fever epidemics have been reported since 2010 throughout eastern and southern Africa, including Malawi, caused by multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhi. The World Health Organization reco...
Bartonella quintana is an important cause of culture-negative endocarditis. Although humans have been considered as its only reservoir, recent studies showed that macaque species are also reservoirs of B. quintan...
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an endemic parasitic disease in Latin America, and its clinical picture is aggravated in coinfections with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The objective of this study was...
Mycobacterium haemophilum is a slow-growing non-chromogenic nontuberculous Mycobacterium species that can cause skin infection or arthritis in an immunocompromised population or in children. Primary infection of...
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), a viral infectious disease affecting the central nervous system, potentially resulting in prolonged neurological symptoms and other long-term sequelae. Case identification can be...
The commitment of multidisciplinary teams in antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) is often inadequately considered, especially in surgical wards. We wanted to evaluate clinical, microbiological, and pharm...
During the novel coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, a considerable number of pneumothorax (PNX)/pneumomediastinum (PNM) associated with COVID-19 have been reported, and the incidence is higher in critically il...
Rhinovirus (RV) is one of the most common etiologic agents of acute respiratory infection (ARI), which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young children. The clinical significance of RV co-detect...
Fluoroquinolones have been, and continue to be, routinely used for treatment of many bacterial infections. In recent years, most parts of the world have reported an increasing trend of fluoroquinolone resistan...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory infections worldwide. While historically RSV research has been focused on children, data on RSV infection in adults are limited. The go...
Since its emergence in November 2021, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron clade has quickly become dominant, due to its increased transmissibility and immune evasion. Different sublineages are currently circulating, which diff...
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) affects approximately 500,000 patients annually in the United States, of these around 30,000 will die. CDI carries significant burdens including clinical, social and econ...
Time to diagnosis and treatment is a major factor in determining the likelihood of tuberculosis (TB) transmission and is an important area of intervention to reduce the reservoir of TB infection and prevent di...
COVID-19 vaccines are effective against infections and outcomes; however, breakthrough infections (VBT) are increasingly reported, possibly due to waning of vaccine-induced immunity or emerging variants. Most ...
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae related urinary tract infections (UTI) in adult cancer patients.
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