Articles

Disease burden and prognostic factors for clinical failure in elderly community acquired pneumonia patients

The study was to evaluate initial antimicrobial regimen and clinical outcomes and to explore risk factors for clinical failure (CF) in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Authors: Xiudi Han, Xuedong Liu, Liang Chen, Yimin Wang, Hui Li, Fei Zhou, Xiqian Xing, Chunxiao Zhang, Lijun Suo, Jinxiang Wang, Guohua Yu, Guangqiang Wang, Xuexin Yao, Hongxia Yu, Lei Wang, Meng Liu…

Polymicrobial infections and microbial patterns in infected nonunions – a descriptive analysis of 42 cases

Frequencies of polymicrobial infection and pathogens evidenced in course of infected nonunion treatment are largely unknown. Therefore, this study aims at investigating microbial patterns in infected nonunions.

Authors: Markus Rupp, Stefanie Kern, Tobias Weber, Tamina D. Menges, Reinhard Schnettler, Christian Heiß and Volker Alt

Adherence to World Health Organisation guidelines for treatment of early onset neonatal sepsis in low-income settings; a cohort study in Nepal

Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of death during the first month of life and early empirical treatment with injectable antibiotics is a life-saving intervention. Adherence to World Health Organisatio...

Authors: Beatrice Ekman, Prajwal Paudel, Omkar Basnet, Ashish KC and Johan Wrammert

Successful treatment of pulmonary haemorrhage and acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by fulminant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia respiratory infection in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia – case report

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia-induced pulmonary haemorrhage is considered a fatal infection among haematological patients. The outcome can be explained by the patients’ immunity status and late diagnosis and treat...

Authors: Stefan Andrei, Alexandra Ghiaur, Lavinia Brezeanu, Cristina Martac, Andreea Nicolau, Daniel Coriu and Gabriela Droc

Prognostic role of time to positivity of blood culture in children with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a major Gram-negative pathogen, which has been reported to result in high mortality. We aim to investigate the prognostic value and optimum cut-off point of time-to-posit...

Authors: Huiting Xu, Jie Cheng, Qinghong Yu, Qingyuan Li, Qian Yi, Siying Luo, Yuanyuan Li, Guangli Zhang, Xiaoyin Tian, Dapeng Cheng and Zhengxiu Luo

Studies on the prevalence of Hepatitis C virus infection in diabetic patients attending a tertiary health-care facility South-west Nigeria

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two major public health problems associated with increasing complications and mortality rates worldwide. The objective of this study is...

Authors: James A. Ndako, Akinyomade O. Owolabi, Joseph A. Olisa, Jeremiah A. Akinwumi, Victor T. Dojumo, Oludolapo Olatinsu and Blessing A. Adebayo

HIV knowledge and stigma among dietetic students in Indonesia: implications for the nutrition education system

Studies have demonstrated that health care students and practitioners are not immune to stigma towards people living with HIV (PLHIV). This attitude could lead to poor quality of care if it remains uncorrected...

Authors: Mutiara Tirta Prabandari Lintang Kusuma, Tandalayo Kidd, Nancy Muturi, Sandra B. Procter, Linda Yarrow and Wei-Wen Hsu

The coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia with spontaneous pneumothorax: a case report

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) that was firstly reported in Wuhan, China, with cases now confirmed in more than 100 countries. However, COVID-19 pneumonia with spontaneous pneumothorax is unk...

Authors: Xiaoxing Chen, Guqin Zhang, Yueting Tang, Zhiyong Peng and Huaqin Pan

COVID-19: interpreting scientific evidence – uncertainty, confusion and delays

Authors: Julian W Tang

Surgery combined with antibiotics for the treatment of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by liver abscess

Endogenous endophthalmitis is a serious disease caused by intraocular infection that can rapidly progress to cause blindness. This study evaluated the clinical features, surgical and antibiotics treatment stra...

Authors: Yue Wang, Xue Wang and Yu Di

HIV-1 infection among women in Israel, 2010–2018

Although women comprise 33% of the HIV-1-carriers in Israel, they have not previously been considered a risk group requiring special attention. Immigration waves from countries in Africa and in East Europe may...

Authors: Tali Wagner, Karen Olshtain-Pops, Marina Wax, Olivia Horwitz, Rachel Shirazi, Yael Gozlan, Hadar Volnowitz, Ella Mendelson, Itzchak Levy and Orna Mor

Low frequency of enterohemorrhagic, enteroinvasive and diffusely adherent Escherichia coli in children under 5 years in rural Mozambique: a case-control study

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) are among the leading pathogens associated with endemic diarrhea in low income countries. Yet, few epidemiological studies have focused the contribution of enterohemorrhagic E...

Authors: Marcelino Garrine, Glória Matambisso, Nélio Nobela, Delfino Vubil, Sérgio Massora, Sozinho Acácio, Tacilta Nhampossa, Pedro Alonso and Inácio Mandomando

Evaluation of digital PCR assay in detection of M.tuberculosis IS6110 and IS1081 in tuberculosis patients plasma

Tuberculosis is still a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge with high proportion of smear- and culture- negative incidences worldwide. The conventional diagnostic tests are time-consuming and have...

Authors: Lingna Lyu, Zihui Li, Liping Pan, Hongyan Jia, Qi Sun, Qiuyue Liu and Zongde Zhang

Spatio-temporal impact of self-financed rotavirus vaccination on rotavirus and acute gastroenteritis hospitalisations in the Valencia region, Spain

Several studies have shown a substantial impact of Rotavirus (RV) vaccination on the burden of RV and all-cause acute gastroenteritis (AGE). However, the results of most impact studies could be confused by a d...

Authors: Mónica López-Lacort, Alejandro Orrico-Sánchez, Miguel Ángel Martínez-Beneito, Cintia Muñoz-Quiles and Javier Díez-Domingo

Hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV prevalence and related sexual and substance use risk practices among key populations who access HIV prevention, treatment and related services in South Africa: findings from a seven-city cross-sectional survey (2017)

People who use drugs including people who inject drugs (PWUD/ID), sex workers (SWs) and men who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk of HIV and viral hepatitis infection. Limited epidemiological data ...

Authors: Andrew Scheibe, Katherine Young, Anna Versfeld, C. Wendy Spearman, Mark W. Sonderup, Nishi Prabdial-Sing, Adrian Puren and Harry Hausler

Meningoencephalitis, coronary artery and keratitis as an onset of brucellosis: a case report

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by brucella. It has been an increasing trend in recent years (Wang H, Xu WM, Zhu KJ, Zhu SJ, Zhang HF, Wang J, Yang Y, Shao FY, Jiang NM, Tao ZY, Jin HY, Tang Y, Huo LL...

Authors: Lingling Geng, Yuan Feng, Dan Li, Nan Nan, Kai Ma, Xianyan Tang and Xiaoqing Li

A surveillance method to identify patients with sepsis from electronic health records in Hong Kong: a single centre retrospective study

Currently there are only two population studies on sepsis incidence in Asia. The burden of sepsis in Hong Kong is unknown. We developed a sepsis surveillance method to estimate sepsis incidence from a populati...

Authors: Ying Zhi Liu, Raymond Chu, Anna Lee, Charles David Gomersall, Lin Zhang, Tony Gin, Matthew T. V. Chan, William K. K. Wu and Lowell Ling

Early clinical predictors for the prognosis of invasive pneumococcal disease

Risk factors related to mortality due to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) have been unveiled previously, but early clinical manifestations of IPD based on prognosis remain uncovered.

Authors: Shuiyan Wu, Xubei Guo, Zhong Xu, Meilin Han, Lili Huang, Yunzhen Tao, Ying Li, Yanhong Li, Tao Zhang and Zhenjiang Bai

Evaluation of lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for diagnostic accuracy of cryptococcosis

Cryptococcus is a conditional pathogenic fungus causing cryptococcosis, which is one of the most serious fungal diseases faced by humans. Lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFA) is successfully applied to ...

Authors: Li-Min Xie, Geng-Ling Lin, Hao-Neng Dong, Ying-Xia Liao, Ye-Ling Liu, Jian-Feng Qin and Xu-Guang Guo

Modeling the relative role of human mobility, land-use and climate factors on dengue outbreak emergence in Sri Lanka

More than 80,000 dengue cases including 215 deaths were reported nationally in less than 7 months between 2016 and 2017, a fourfold increase in the number of reported cases compared to the average number over ...

Authors: Ying Zhang, Jefferson Riera, Kayla Ostrow, Sauleh Siddiqui, Harendra de Silva, Sahotra Sarkar, Lakkumar Fernando and Lauren Gardner

Rapid multiplex MinION nanopore sequencing workflow for Influenza A viruses

Due to the frequent reassortment and zoonotic potential of influenza A viruses, rapid gain of sequence information is crucial. Alongside established next-generation sequencing protocols, the MinION sequencing ...

Authors: Jacqueline King, Timm Harder, Martin Beer and Anne Pohlmann

Clinical features and outcomes of seven patients with COVID-19 in a family cluster

The family cluster is one of most important modes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission throughout China, and more details are needed about how family clusters cause the ...

Authors: Yiling Zhang, Cheng Zhang, Ying Hu, Hongmei Yao, Xianchun Zeng, Changrong Hu, Li Zhao, Xiangyan Zhang and Xianwei Ye

Evaluation of bacterial co-infections of the respiratory tract in COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU

COVID-19 is known as a new viral infection. Viral-bacterial co-infections are one of the biggest medical concerns, resulting in increased mortality rates. To date, few studies have investigated bacterial super...

Authors: Ehsan Sharifipour, Saeed Shams, Mohammad Esmkhani, Javad Khodadadi, Reza Fotouhi-Ardakani, Alireza Koohpaei, Zahra Doosti and Samad EJ Golzari

Using Q-methodology to understand the perspectives and practical experiences of dermatologists about treatment difficulties of cutaneous leishmaniasis

During the outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq that started in 2015, the course of the disease and the treatment were not consistent with the available literature. Physicians, p...

Authors: Dindar S. Qurtas and Nazar Pauls Shabila

Clinical and imaging findings of discharged patients with SARS-CoV-2 positive anal swab samples: a descriptive study

To explore the clinical features and CT findings of clinically cured coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with viral RNA positive anal swab results after discharge.

Authors: Hui Zhou, Liping Zhu, Yueshuang Leng, Dongcui Wang, Harrison X. Bai, Zeng Xiong, Linbo Shi and Weihua Liao

Feasibility of containing shigellosis in Hubei Province, China: a modelling study

The transmission features and the feasibility of containing shigellosis remain unclear among a population-based study in China.

Authors: Jia Rui, Qi Chen, Qiuping Chen, Qingqing Hu, Mikah Ngwanguong Hannah, Zeyu Zhao, Yao Wang, Xingchun Liu, Zhao Lei, Shanshan Yu, Yi-Chen Chiang, Benhua Zhao, Yanhua Su, Bin Zhao and Tianmu Chen

Co-infection with trichomonas vaginalis increases the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2–3 among HPV16 positive female: a large population-based study

Evidence suggested that vaginal microbiome played a functional role in the progression of cervical lesions in female infected by HPV. This study aimed at evaluating the influence of common vaginal infection on...

Authors: Mei Yang, Lin Li, Chunfan Jiang, Xiaomin Qin, Min Zhou, Xiaogang Mao and Hui Xing

The effect of maternal poliovirus antibodies on the immune responses of infants to poliovirus vaccines

Maternal poliovirus antibodies could provide passive immunity to the newborns from poliovirus infection during their first few months of life, but they may impair the immune responses of infants to the poliovi...

Authors: Siyue Jia, Rong Tang, Guifan Li, Yuemei Hu and Qi Liang

Epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings of the COVID-19 in the current pandemic: systematic review and meta-analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world deeply, with more than 14,000,000 people infected and nearly 600,000 deaths. This review aimed to summarize the epidemiologic traits, clinical spectrum, CT results ...

Authors: Yewei Xie, Zaisheng Wang, Huipeng Liao, Gifty Marley, Dan Wu and Weiming Tang

Seropositivity to dengue and associated risk factors among non-malarias acute febrile patients in Arba Minch districts, southern Ethiopia

Dengue fever is an arthropod vector-borne disease transmitted to humans by infected Aedes mosquitoes. Ethiopia has a favorable ecology for arthropods and report high burden of acute febrile illnesses. However,...

Authors: Daniel Eshetu, Techalew Shimelis, Eshetu Nigussie, Girma Shumie, Wakwoya Chali, Biruck Yeshitela, Abraham Assefa and Endalamaw Gadisa

Association of HIV infection with clinical and laboratory characteristics of sickle cell disease

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a multisystem disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations and severity. Studies investigating potential effects of co-morbid human immunodeficiency virus (...

Authors: André Rolim Belisário, Paula F. Blatyta, Diana Vivanco, Claudia Di Lorenzo Oliveira, Anna Bárbara Carneiro-Proietti, Ester Cerdeira Sabino, Cesar de Almeida-Neto, Paula Loureiro, Cláudia Máximo, Sheila de Oliveira Garcia Mateos, Miriam V. Flor-Park, Daniela de Oliveira Werneck Rodrigues, Rosimere Afonso Mota, Thelma T. Gonçalez, Thomas J. Hoffmann, Shannon Kelly…

Increased physiological dead space in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients recovering from severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: a case report

An ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading globally. Recently, several articles have mentioned that the early acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by COVID-19 signific...

Authors: Jingen Xia, Yingying Feng, Min Li, Xin Yu, Yi Zhang, Jun Duan and Qingyuan Zhan

High burden of self-reported sexually transmitted infections among key populations in Mozambique: the urgent need for an integrated surveillance system

Key populations - men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW) and people who inject drugs (PWID) – are at high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI) given their sexual risk behaviours al...

Authors: Makini A. S. Boothe, Charlotte Comé, Cynthia Semá Baltazar, Noela Chicuecue, Jessica Seleme, Denise Chitsondzo Langa, Isabel Sathane, Henry F. Raymond, Erika Fazito, Marleen Temmerman and Stanley Luchters

Bioaerosol sampling of patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis: a study protocol

Tuberculosis (TB) is transmitted in bioaerosols containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Despite being central to ongoing TB transmission, no routine diagnostic assay exists to measure Mtb in bioaerosols. Fur...

Authors: Benjamin Patterson, Anastasia Koch, Sophia Gessner, Ryan Dinkele, Melitta Gqada, Wayne Bryden, Frank Cobelens, Francesca Little, Digby F. Warner and Robin Wood

Fatal respiratory infection due to ST308 VIM-1-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a lung transplant recipient: case report and review of the literature

Data regarding the prevalence of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in cystic fibrosis patients are scarce. Furthermore, there is limited knowledge on the effect of MBL production o...

Authors: M. Carugati, A. Piazza, A. M. Peri, L. Cariani, M. Brilli, D. Girelli, D. Di Carlo, A. Gramegna, M. Pappalettera, F. Comandatore, G. Grasselli, A. P. Cantù, M. Arghittu, A. Gori, C. Bandi, F. Blasi…

Prevalence and recurrence of bacteraemia in hospitalised people who inject drugs – a single Centre retrospective cohort study in Denmark

People who inject drugs (PWID) have increased risk of acquiring blood-transmitted chronic viral infections such as Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) as well as increas...

Authors: Sara Thønnings, Filip Jansåker, Christoffer Sundqvist, Rebekka Faber Thudium, Susanne Dam Nielsen and Jenny Dahl Knudsen

Impact of viral coinfection and macrolide-resistant mycoplasma infection in children with refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

Cases of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia have been increasing recently; however, whether viral coinfection or macrolide-resistant M. infection contribute to the development of refractory M. pneumoniae ...

Authors: Yajuan Zhou, Jing Wang, Wenjuan Chen, Nan Shen, Yue Tao, Ruike Zhao, Lijuan Luo, Biru Li and Qing Cao

Genome-wide capture sequencing to detect hepatitis C virus at the end of antiviral therapy

Viral relapse is a major concern in hepatitis C virus (HCV) antiviral therapy. Currently, there are no satisfactory methods to predict viral relapse, especially in the era of direct acting antivirals in which ...

Authors: Peng Peng, Yanjuan Xu, Michael W. Fried, Adrian M. Di Bisceglie and Xiaofeng Fan

Genetic transmission networks of HIV-1 CRF07_BC strain among HIV-1 infections with virologic failure of ART in a minority area of China: a population-based study

The drug resistance and the virologic failure of antiretroviral therapy (ART) are quite severe in Liangshan. A better understanding of the virologic failure of ART and the HIV-1 transmission network dynamics i...

Authors: Dan Yuan, Meijing Liu, Yiping Li, Peng Jia, Ling Su, Li Ye, Yan Zhang, Pan Ling, Chang Zhou, Shu Liang, Hong Yang, Honglu Liu and Shujuan Yang

Spatial and temporal clusters of avian influenza a (H7N9) virus in humans across five epidemics in mainland China: an epidemiological study of laboratory-confirmed cases

Avian influenza A (H7N9) virus was first reported in mainland China in 2013, and alarming in 2016–17 due to the surge across a wide geographic area. Our study aimed to identify and explore the spatial and temp...

Authors: Xuzheng Shan, Yongqin Wang, Ruihong Song, Wen Wei, Hongxiu Liao, Huang Huang, Chunqiong Xu, Lvlin Chen and Shiyun Li

Human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia progression are associated with increased vaginal microbiome diversity in a Chinese cohort

In this study, the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and related cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical cancer and vaginal microbiome was evaluated in Chinese cohorts.

Authors: Yulian Chen, Xingdi Qiu, Wenjing Wang, Dong Li, Anyue Wu, Zubei Hong, Wen Di and Lihua Qiu

The impact of early neuraminidase inhibitor therapy on clinical outcomes in patients hospitalised with influenza A-related pneumonia: a multicenter, retrospective study

Guidelines emphasize prompt antiviral treatment in severe influenza patients. Although nearly a 50% of severe influenza present with pneumonia, the effect of early (≤ 2 days after illness onset) neuraminidase ...

Authors: Liang Chen, Xiudi Han, Yan Li Li, Chunxiao Zhang and Xiqian Xing

Hepatitis a virus infection in Central-West Tunisia: an age structured model of transmission and vaccination impact

The epidemiological pattern of hepatitis A infection has shown dynamic changes in many parts of the world due to improved socio-economic conditions and the accumulation of seronegative subjects, which leads to...

Authors: Kaouther Ayouni, Bechir Naffeti, Walid Ben Aribi, Jihène Bettaieb, Walid Hammami, Afif Ben Salah, Hamadi Ammar, Slimane Ben Miled and Henda Triki

Correction to: Statistical methods for predicting tuberculosis incidence based on data from Guangxi, China

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Yanling Zheng, Liping Zhang, Lei Wang and Ramziya Rifhat

Sex differences in campylobacteriosis incidence rates at different ages - a seven country, multi-year, meta-analysis. A potential mechanism for the infection

There is evidence that males have higher incidence rates (IR) of campylobacteriois than females. The objectives of this study were to determine whether these observations differ between age groups and are cons...

Authors: Manfred S. Green, Naama Schwartz and Victoria Peer

Correction to: Bioaerosol sampling of patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis: a study protocol

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Benjamin Patterson, Anastasia Koch, Sophia Gessner, Ryan Dinkele, Melitta Gqada, Wayne Bryden, Frank Cobelens, Francesca Little, Digby F. Warner and Robin Wood

Prediction of treatment failure and compliance in patients with tuberculosis

To improve treatment outcomes for tuberculosis (TB), efforts to reduce treatment failure are necessary. The aim of our study was to describe the characteristics of subjects who had failed treatment of tubercul...

Authors: Hyeon-Kyoung Koo, Jinsoo Min, Hyung Woo Kim, Joosun Lee, Ju Sang Kim, Jae Seuk Park and Sung-Soon Lee

Correction to: Expansion of acquired 16S rRNA methytransferases along with CTX-M-15, NDM and OXA-48 within three sequence types of Escherichia coli from northeast India

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Jayalaxmi Wangkheimayum, Mohana Bhattacharjee, Bhaskar Jyoti Das, K. Melson Singha, Debadatta Dhar Chanda and Amitabha Bhattacharjee

Neisseria macacae bacteremia: report of two cases with a literature review

Neisseria macacae was discovered in the oral cavity of monkeys in 1983. In humans, it has been isolated from the upper respiratory tract of neutropenic patients. However, only two cases of N. macacae bacteremia h...

Authors: Yasumasa Yamamoto, Norihiko Terada, Tomoyo Sugiyama, Hanako Kurai and Kiyofumi Ohkusu

Intensive care management of a patient with necrotizing fasciitis due to non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae after traveling to Taiwan: a case report

Vibrio cholerae are oxidase-positive bacteria that are classified into various serotypes based on the O surface antigen. V. cholerae serotypes are divided into two main groups: the O1 and O139 group and the non-O...

Authors: Keisuke Tsuruta, Toru Ueyama, Tomoo Watanabe, Kenichi Nakano, Kenji Uno and Hidetada Fukushima