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  1. Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections (BSIs) occur with significant prevalence and high mortality worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence are two main factors participating in the pathogenicity o...

    Authors: Min Xu, Yiqi Fu, Haishen Kong, Xiao Chen, Yu Chen, Lanjuan Li and Qing Yang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:358
  2. Dyslipidemia represents a significant non-infectious comorbidity among people living with HIV. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact on lipid profile of switches from an efavirenz (EFV) or protease i...

    Authors: Lucia Taramasso, Paola Tatarelli, Elena Ricci, Giordano Madeddu, Barbara Menzaghi, Nicola Squillace, Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio, Canio Martinelli, Roberto Gulminetti, Paolo Maggi, Giancarlo Orofino, Francesca Vichi, Antonio Di Biagio and Paolo Bonfanti
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:357
  3. In Cape Town, the roll-out of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased over the last decade with an estimated coverage of 63% of HIV- positive patients in 2013. The influence of ART on the characteristics of...

    Authors: Richard Kaplan, Sabine Hermans, Judy Caldwell, Karen Jennings, Linda-Gail Bekker and Robin Wood
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:356
  4. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) on whole cells enables the detection of different cell types and cell activation. Here, we wondered whether this approach would be useful to investigate the host response in se...

    Authors: Aurélie Daumas, Julie Alingrin, Richard Ouedraogo, Patrick Villani, Marc Leone and Jean-Louis Mege
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:355
  5. Infectious diarrhea is a common problem in the developing world, especially among people living with HIV/AIDS. Traditional diagnostic methods such as stool culture and microscopic examination are limited by re...

    Authors: Lubaba Seid, William Stokes, Abebe Genetu Bayih, Sisay Getie, Aberham Abere, Habtie Tesfa and Dylan R. Pillai
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:354
  6. In clinical studies involving a healthy volunteer human challenge model, a valid and reliable measure to assess the evolution of patient-reported symptom type and severity following viral exposure is necessary...

    Authors: Alison Han, Jiat-Ling Poon, John H. Powers III, Nancy K. Leidy, Ren Yu and Matthew J. Memoli
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:353
  7. No study has reported the epidemiology of AIDS-related opportunistic illnesses (AOIs) in patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection in Taiwan in the past decade. Understanding the current trends in AOI-relate...

    Authors: Chun-Yuan Lee, Yu-Ting Tseng, Wei-Ru Lin, Yen-Hsu Chen, Jih-Jin Tsai, Wen-Hung Wang, Po-Liang Lu and Hung-Chin Tsai
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:352
  8. Maternal vaginal colonization with antibiotic resistant organisms is a growing concern in countries with high antibiotic resistance rates.

    Authors: Dulmini Nanayakkara, Veranja Liyanapathirana, Chaminda Kandauda, Champika Gihan, Asela Ekanayake and Dinuka Adasooriya
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:351
  9. Male circumcision provides men with approximately 60% protection from acquiring HIV infection via heterosexual sex, and has become a key component of HIV prevention efforts in sub-Saharan Africa. Possible mech...

    Authors: Stephanie M. Davis, Sherri Pals, Chunfu Yang, Elijah Odoyo-June, Joy Chang, Maroya Spalding Walters, Walter Jaoko, Naomi Bock, Larry Westerman, Carlos Toledo and Robert C. Bailey
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:350
  10. Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), caused by Naegleria fowleri, is a rare protozoan infectious disease in China. A fatality rate of over 95% had been reported due to extremely rapid disease progression in...

    Authors: Qiang Wang, Jianming Li, Jingkai Ji, Liuqing Yang, Li Chen, Rongrong Zhou, Yang Yang, Haixia Zheng, Jing Yuan, Liqiang Li, Yuhai Bi, George F. Gao, Jinmin Ma and Yingxia Liu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:349
  11. Studies comparing self-samples and clinician-collected samples for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) detection using clinically validated PCR-based HPV DNA assays are limited. We measured the concordance of...

    Authors: Mette Tranberg, Jørgen Skov Jensen, Bodil Hammer Bech, Jan Blaakær, Hans Svanholm and Berit Andersen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:348
  12. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) is an emerging global multiple-drug-resistant organism. It becomes increasingly challenging to treat S. maltophilia infection effectively. Novel therapeutic and preve...

    Authors: Guangyang Xu, Xueping Tang, Xueyi Shang, Yan Li, Jing Wang, Junjie Yue and Yan Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:347
  13. Dengue viruses (DENV) have emerged and reemerged in Brazil in the past 30 years causing explosive epidemics. The disease may range from clinically asymptomatic infections to severe and fatal outcomes. We aimed...

    Authors: Priscila Conrado Guerra Nunes, Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis, Monique Queiroz da Rocha Lima, Nieli Rodrigues da Costa Faria, Fernanda de Bruycker-Nogueira, Jaqueline Bastos Santos, Manoela Heringer, Thaís Chouin-Carneiro, Dinair Couto-Lima, Bianca de Santis Gonçalves, Simone Alves Sampaio, Eliane Saraiva Machado de Araújo, Juan Camilo Sánchez-Arcila, Flávia Barreto dos Santos and Rita Maria Ribeiro Nogueira
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:346
  14. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are considered to be key mediators of tuberculosis (TB) pathology but their role in tuberculosis – diabetes comorbidity (TB-DM) is not well understood.

    Authors: Nathella P. Kumar, Kadar Moideen, Vijay Viswanathan, Basavaradhya S. Shruthi, Shanmugam Sivakumar, Pradeep A. Menon, Hardy Kornfeld and Subash Babu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:345
  15. Asking people how they would seek healthcare in a hypothetical situation can be an efficient way to estimate healthcare utilization, but it is unclear how intended healthcare use corresponds to actual healthca...

    Authors: Karen K. Wong, Adam L. Cohen, Neil A. Martinson, Shane A. Norris, Stefano Tempia, Claire von Mollendorf, Sibongile Walaza, Shabir A. Madhi, Meredith L. McMorrow and Cheryl Cohen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:344
  16. Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare, benign disease of the aerodigestive tract, especially the larynx, caused by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 or 11. Current management...

    Authors: Paul Stefan Mauz, Fabian Axel Schäfer, Thomas Iftner and Phillipp Gonser
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:343
  17. In late 2016, an uncommon recombinant NoV genotype called GII.P16-GII.2 caused a sharp increase in outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in different countries of Asia and Europe, including China. However, we did...

    Authors: Jiankang Han, Xiaofang Wu, Liping Chen, Yun Fu, Deshun Xu, Peng Zhang and Lei Ji
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:342
  18. One third of travellers to low- and middle-income regions of the tropics and subtropics become colonized by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE). The risk varies by destination ...

    Authors: Tinja Lääveri, Jessica A. Vlot, Alje P. van Dam, Hanni K. Häkkinen, Gerard J. B. Sonder, Leo G. Visser and Anu Kantele
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:341
  19. Increasing case notifications is one of the top programmatic priorities of National TB Control Programmes (NTPs). To find more cases, NTPs often need to consider expanding TB case-detection activities to popul...

    Authors: Marek Lalli, Matthew Hamilton, Carel Pretorius, Debora Pedrazzoli, Richard G. White and Rein M. G. J. Houben
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:340
  20. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a widespread problem in prisons. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of HCV seropositivity, HCV genotypes, factors associated with HCV seropositivity in newly ...

    Authors: Kristel Kivimets, Anneli Uusküla, Jeffrey V. Lazarus and Kristi Ott
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:339
  21. Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women in Nepal. The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and or HPV 18 among women with cervical pre-cancer and cancer is higher than the incidence of HPV...

    Authors: Niresh Thapa, Muna Maharjan, Girishma Shrestha, Narayani Maharjan, Marcia A. Petrini, Na Zuo, Can He, Jing Yang, Mengfei Xu, Caiyun Ge, Ziye Song and Hongbing Cai
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:338
  22. Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A disease in Burkina Faso has greatly decreased following introduction of a meningococcal A conjugate vaccine in 2010, yet other serogroups continue to pose a risk of life-threate...

    Authors: Adam C. Retchless, Malika Congo-Ouédraogo, Dinanibè Kambiré, Jeni Vuong, Alex Chen, Fang Hu, Absetou Ky Ba, Abdoul-Salam Ouédraogo, Soumeya Hema-Ouangraoua, Jaymin C. Patel, Rasmata Ouédraogo Traoré, Lassana Sangaré and Xin Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:337
  23. Blastomycosis is an endemic mycosis in North America that is caused by the dimorphic fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis. The illness is a systemic disease with a wide variety of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifes...

    Authors: Syed Mohammed Qasim Hussaini, Deng Madut, Betty C. Tong, Elizabeth N. Pavlisko, Wiley A. Schell, John R. Perfect and Nathan M. Thielman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:336
  24. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is a commonly causative pathogen for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in humans. The epidemiological features of M. pneumoniae infections during post-epidemic, including a...

    Authors: Jiuxin Qu, Chunxia Yang, Fang Bao, Shuyan Chen, Li Gu and Bin Cao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:335
  25. Human anelloviruses (TTV, TTMDV and TTMV) are at high prevalence all across the globe, having also a controversial disease-inducing potential. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anelloviral DNA in ...

    Authors: Sonia Spandole-Dinu, Dănuț Gheorghe Cimponeriu, Anne-Marie Crăciun, Irina Radu, Silvia Nica, Mihai Toma, Oana Andrada Alexiu, Corneliu Sorin Iorga, Lavinia-Mariana Berca and Remus Nica
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:334
  26. Chikungunya virus infection in neonates is relatively rare and can lead to death.

    Authors: Rhaquel de Morais Alves Barbosa Oliveira, Francisca Kalline de Almeida Barreto, Ana Maria Peixoto Cabral Maia, Ileana Pitombeira Gomes, Adriana Rocha Simião, Rebeca Bandeira Barbosa, Adilina Soares Romeiro Rodrigues, Kilma Wanderley Lopes, Fernanda Montenegro de Carvalho Araújo, Regina Lúcia Sousa do Vale, John Washington Cavalcante and Luciano Pamplona de Góes Cavalcanti
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:333
  27. Refugees in sub-Saharan Africa face both the risk of HIV infection and barriers to HIV testing. We conducted a pilot study to determine the feasibility and acceptability of home-based HIV testing in Nakivale R...

    Authors: Kelli N. O’Laughlin, Wei He, Kelsy E. Greenwald, Julius Kasozi, Yuchiao Chang, Edgar Mulogo, Zikama M. Faustin, Patterson Njogu, Rochelle P. Walensky and Ingrid V. Bassett
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:332
  28. Patients with suspected Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection should be hospitalized in isolation wards to avoid transmission. This suspicion can also lead to medical confusion and ...

    Authors: A. Bleibtreu, S. Jaureguiberry, N. Houhou, D. Boutolleau, H. Guillot, D. Vallois, J. C. Lucet, J. Robert, B. Mourvillier, J. Delemazure, M. Jaspard, F. X. Lescure, C. Rioux, E. Caumes and Y. Yazdanapanah
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:331
  29. In 2010, influenza, influenza-like illness (ILI) and acute respiratory infection (ARI) surveillance was established by the government of Burkina Faso. We provide preliminary descriptive results from this surve...

    Authors: Tani Sagna, Abdoul Kader Ilboudo, Carine Wandaogo, Assana Cissé, Moussa Sana, Dieudonné Tialla, Armel Moumouni Sanou, David J. Muscatello and Zékiba Tarnagda
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:330
  30. Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is an important cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI), yet the epidemiology and effect of meteorological conditions on infection is not fully understood. To investigate the distrib...

    Authors: Wen-Kuan Liu, Qian Liu, De-Hui Chen, Wei-Ping Tan, Yong Cai, Shu-Yan Qiu, Duo Xu, Chi Li, Xiao Li, Zheng-Shi Lin and Rong Zhou
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:329
  31. Globally, 40% of all tuberculosis (TB) cases, 65% paediatric cases and 75% multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) cases are missed due to underreporting and/or under diagnosis. A recent Kenyan TB prevalence survey f...

    Authors: J. N. Oliwa, J. Maina, P. Ayieko, D. Gathara, I. A. Kathure, E. Masini, A. H. van’t Hoog, M. B. van Hensbroek and M. English
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:328
  32. Despite wide spread use of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) by pregnant women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the transmission rate is still higher by 18% after breastfeeding ends. The aim of this ...

    Authors: Girma Alemayehu Beyene, Lelisa Sena Dadi and Solomon Berhanu Mogas
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:327
  33. Etravirine (ETR), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) available in France since 2006, is indicated for antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected adults, in combination with a ritonavir-boost...

    Authors: Valérie Potard, Cécile Goujard, Marc Antoine Valantin, Jean Marc Lacombe, Rima Lahoulou, Arnaud Chéret, Pierre Marie Girard and Dominique Costagliola
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:326
  34. With a prevalence of 4.7–13% in Danish Ixodes ricinus ticks, Rickettsia helvetica is one of the most frequently detected tick-borne organisms in Denmark. Most reports of human exposure have described asymptomatic...

    Authors: Lukas Frans Ocias, Ram Benny Dessau, Anne-Mette Lebech, Charlotte Sværke Jørgensen, Randi Føns Petersen and Karen Angeliki Krogfelt
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:325
  35. Indonesia ranking third in the world, regarding leprosy burden. Chemoprophylaxis is effective in reducing risk of developing leprosy among contacts. ‘Blanket approach’ is an operational strategy for leprosy po...

    Authors: Anuj Tiwari, Steaven Dandel, Rita Djupuri, Liesbeth Mieras and Jan Hendrik Richardus
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:324
  36. Laryngeal aspergillosis is uncommon and is usually secondary to pulmonary involvement in immunocompromised patients. Primary laryngeal aspergillosis in immunocompetent individuals is extremely rare, with a few...

    Authors: Supram Hosuru Subramanya, Joseph Jillwin, Shivaprakash Mandya Rudramurthy, Krishna Chandra Rijal, Niranjan Nayak, Arunaloke Chakrabarti and Arnab Ghosh
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:323
  37. There are several epidemiological studies available on hepatitis B virus among pregnant women in Ethiopia. These individual studies revealed wide variation over time and across geographical areas. The aim of t...

    Authors: Kindie Mitiku Kebede, Dejene Derseh Abateneh and Alemayehu Sayih Belay
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:322
  38. IL-17 and IL-22 cytokines play an important role in protective immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Information on the production of these cytokines and the factors that regulate t...

    Authors: Kamakshi Prudhula Devalraju, Venkata Sanjeev Kumar Neela, Sharadambal Sunder Ramaseri, Arunabala Chaudhury, Abhinav Van, Siva Sai Krovvidi, Ramakrishna Vankayalapati and Vijaya Lakshmi Valluri
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:321
  39. HIV infection continues to be epidemic of public health importance with a prevalence of 1.1% and incidence of 0.33/1000 population having low-intensity mixed epidemic. Ethiopia has adopted the 90–90-90 by 2020...

    Authors: Tadele Girum, Abebaw Wasie and Abdulsemed Worku
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:320
  40. Underlying coinfections may complicate infectious disease states but commonly go unnoticed because an a priori clinical suspicion is usually required so they can be detected via targeted diagnostic tools. Shot...

    Authors: D. N. Birdsell, Y. Özsürekci, A. Rawat, A. E. Aycan, C. L. Mitchell, J. W. Sahl, A. Johansson, R. E. Colman, J. M. Schupp, M. Ceyhan, P. S. Keim and D. M. Wagner
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:319
  41. The incidence and severity of tuberculosis chemotherapy toxicity is poorly characterised. We used data available from patients in the REMoxTB trial to provide an assessment of the risks associated with the sta...

    Authors: Conor D. Tweed, Angela M. Crook, Evans I. Amukoye, Rodney Dawson, Andreas H. Diacon, Madeline Hanekom, Timothy D. McHugh, Carl M. Mendel, Sarah K. Meredith, Michael E. Murphy, Saraswathi E. Murthy, Andrew J. Nunn, Patrick P. J. Phillips, Kasha P. Singh, Melvin Spigelman, Genevieve H. Wills…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:317
  42. GII noroviruses are a common cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks in institutional settings globally. However, AGE outbreaks caused by GI norovirus, especially the GI.5 genotype, are relatively uncom...

    Authors: Jian Li, Xia Gao, Yu-Long Ye, Tang Wan, Hao Zang, Ping-Hua Mo and Can-Lei Song
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:316
  43. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is considered highly prevalent in West Africa. However, major gaps in surveillance exist in Sierra Leone. Although healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk for HBV infection, little i...

    Authors: Yu-Ling Qin, Bo Li, Yue-Su Zhou, Xin Zhang, Lei Li, Bing Song, Peng Liu, Yue Yuan, Zhong-Peng Zhao, Jun Jiao, Jing Li, Yi Sun, Stephen Sevalie, Joseph E. Kanu, Ya-Jun Song, Jia-Fu Jiang…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:315
  44. Avian influenza H5N1 has a high human case fatality rate, but is not yet well-adapted to human hosts. Amino acid substitutions currently circulating in avian populations may enhance viral fitness in, and thus ...

    Authors: Sean G. Young, Andrew Kitchen, Ghazi Kayali and Margaret Carrel
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:314
  45. Although paradoxical reactions (PRs) to anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) therapy during treatment are well-established occurrences, PRs presenting as a new lesion after the completion of treatment are extremely rar...

    Authors: Akira Machida, Tasuku Ishihara, Eiichiro Amano and Shinichi Otsu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:313
  46. Globally, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a complex public problem, which is mainly fuelled by inappropriate use of antimicrobials. Rational use of antimicrobials is the main strategy for the prevention of A...

    Authors: Mohammed Assen Seid and Mohammed Seid Hussen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:312
  47. Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is increasing globally. However, the related epidemiology, comorbidities, and clinical impact of NTM infection remains unclear...

    Authors: Maxine S. Eikani, Melodee Nugent, Arash Poursina, Pippa Simpson and Hara Levy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:311
  48. Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is associated with less renal and bone toxicity compared with tenofovir disoproxil (TDF). TAF's recent FDA approval has spurred HIV providers to consider switching antiretroviral th...

    Authors: Sarah S. Lee, Joshua P. Havens, Harlan R. Sayles, Jennifer L. O’Neill, Anthony T. Podany, Susan Swindells, Kimberly K. Scarsi and Sara H. Bares
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:310
  49. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common nosocomial infection in intensive care units (ICUs). The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology and microbiology of VAP in Polish ICUs from 2...

    Authors: Michał Wałaszek, Anna Różańska, Marta Zofia Wałaszek and Jadwiga Wójkowska-Mach
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:308

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