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  1. CCR5 coreceptor using HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) has been reported to dominate the Ethiopian epidemic. However, almost all data have been obtained from two large cities in the central and north-west regions and ...

    Authors: Amare Worku Kalu, Nigus Fikrie Telele, Solomon Gebreselasie, Daniel Fekade, Samir Abdurahman, Gaetano Marrone and Anders Sönnerborg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:37
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Rectal infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common bacterial sexually transmissible infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) with diagnosis rates continuing to rise. Current treatment g...

    Authors: Andrew Lau, Fabian Kong, Christopher K. Fairley, Basil Donovan, Marcus Chen, Catriona Bradshaw, Mark Boyd, Janaki Amin, Peter Timms, Sepehr Tabrizi, David G. Regan, David A. Lewis, Anna McNulty and Jane S. Hocking
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:35
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  3. Rwanda is a central African country with about 12 million inhabitants. The 1994 genocide against the Tutsi destroyed much of the infrastructure, including the health system. Although this has improved signific...

    Authors: Theogene Twagirumugabe, Gatare Swaibu, Timothy David Walker, Magnus Lindh, Jean Bosco Gahutu, Tomas Bergström and Heléne Norder
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Scarce data exist about screening, diagnosis and prognosis of non-primary Cytomegalovirus (CMV) during pregnancy. We aimed to examine antenatal diagnosis of maternal non-primary CMV infection and to identify r...

    Authors: Eran Hadar, Elizabeta Dorfman, Ron Bardin, Rinat Gabbay-Benziv, Jacob Amir and Joseph Pardo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:31
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Considering the limited cross protection offered by the current HPV vaccines, understanding the HPV genotype distribution among the different population is essential in predicting the efficacy of current vacci...

    Authors: Rashmirani Senapati, Bhagyalaxmi Nayak, Shantanu Kumar Kar and Bhagirathi Dwibedi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:30
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among hospital personnel is a common cause of hospital acquired infections. Emergence of drug resistant strains especially methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a serio...

    Authors: Nabil Abdullah El Aila, Nahed Ali Al Laham and Basim Mohammad Ayesh
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:28
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a common infectious complication in chemotherapy. The mortality of FN is higher in hematologic malignancy patients, and early diagnostic marker is needed. Presepsin is a prompt and ...

    Authors: Yusuke Koizumi, Kaoru Shimizu, Masayo Shigeta, Takafumi Okuno, Hitoshi Minamiguchi, Katsuyuki Kito, Keiko Hodohara, Yuka Yamagishi, Akira Andoh, Yoshihide Fujiyama and Hiroshige Mikamo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:27
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria are resistant to several types of antibiotics excluding carbapenems. A transmissibility of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae would be depending on each b...

    Authors: Makiko Uemura, Osamu Imataki, Shumpei Uchida, Haruyuki Nakayama-Imaohji, Yukiko Ohue, Harumi Matsuka, Hatsune Mori, Hiroaki Dobashi, Tomomi Kuwahara and Norimitsu Kadowaki
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Pneumococci are spread by persons with nasopharyngeal colonization, a necessary precursor to invasive disease. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines can prevent colonization with vaccine serotype strains. In 2011, K...

    Authors: Miwako Kobayashi, Laura M. Conklin, Godfrey Bigogo, Geofrey Jagero, Lee Hampton, Katherine E. Fleming-Dutra, Muthoni Junghae, Maria da Gloria Carvalho, Fabiana Pimenta, Bernard Beall, Thomas Taylor, Kayla F. Laserson, John Vulule, Chris Van Beneden, Lindsay Kim, Daniel R. Feikin…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:25
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. The emergence of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, including methicillin resistant (MRSA), is a global concern. Treatment of bacterial infections in Uganda’s health care settings is largely empir...

    Authors: Benon B. Asiimwe, Rossella Baldan, Alberto Trovato and Daniela M. Cirillo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is proposed to be a zoonotic disease. Dromedary camels have been implicated due to reports that some confirmed cases were exposed to camels. Risk factors for MERS co...

    Authors: Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy, Nahla Mohmed, Fulwah Y. Alqahtani and Rania Ali El Hadi Mohamed
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Our study aimed to describe the concordance of chlamydia infections of the rectum and urethra in men who have sex with men (MSM) and their male partners.

    Authors: Vincent J. Cornelisse, Christopher J. Sherman, Jane S Hocking, Henrietta Williams, Lei Zhang, Marcus Y. Chen, Catriona S. Bradshaw, Clare Bellhouse, Christopher K Fairley and Eric P. F. Chow
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:22
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Recent serological studies indicate that hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in industrialised countries. The increasing trend in the number of autochthonous cases of HEV genotype 3 in Western European countrie...

    Authors: Arianne B. van Gageldonk-Lafeber, Wim van der Hoek, Floor Borlée, Dick J. J. Heederik, Sofie H. Mooi, Catharina B. M. Maassen, C. Joris Yzermans, Barry Rockx, Lidwien A. M. Smit and Johan H. J. Reimerink
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:21
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Despite the success in promoting condom use in commercial relationships, condom use with regular, noncommercial partners remains low among key populations in Cambodia. This study explores factors associated in...

    Authors: Siyan Yi, Sovannary Tuot, Pheak Chhoun, Khuondyla Pal, Chanrith Ngin, Kolab Chhim and Carinne Brody
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. A widely prevalent disease, toxoplasmosis poses serious health threats to both humans and animals; therefore, development of an ideal DNA vaccine against Toxoplasma gondii is needed eagerly. The purpose of the pr...

    Authors: Pengxia Song, Shenyi He, Aihua Zhou, Gang Lv, Jingjing Guo, Jian Zhou, Yali Han, Huaiyu Zhou, Zhen Hao and Hua Cong
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is an important cause of hospitalization in previously healthy infants. Immunological mechanisms predisposing infants to severe disease are ...

    Authors: Kiran Aftab Gul, Tonje Sonerud, Hans O. Fjærli, Britt Nakstad, Tore Gunnar Abrahamsen and Christopher S. Inchley
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:18
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Patients with contact to healthcare-system in high-prevalence countries (HPC) and refugee patients in hospital settings (REF) have previously been identified to be at risk of carrying multidrug-resistant organ...

    Authors: Claudia Reinheimer, Volkhard A. J. Kempf, Katalin Jozsa, Thomas A. Wichelhaus, Michael Hogardt, Fiona O’Rourke and Christian Brandt
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:17
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Escherichia coli (E. coli) comprise part of the normal vaginal microflora. Transfer from mother to neonate can occur during delivery resulting, sometimes, in neonatal bacterial disease...

    Authors: Ciara O’Connor, Roy K. Philip, John Kelleher, James Powell, Alan O’Gorman, Barbara Slevin, Neil Woodford, Jane F. Turton, Elaine McGrath, Cathriona Finnegan, Lorraine Power, Nuala H. O’Connell and Colum P. Dunne
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:16
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Tuberculosis and HIV co-epidemics are problems in many parts of the world. Xinjiang is a high tuberculosis and HIV prevalence area in China. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and cure rate of tuberculosis...

    Authors: Rena Maimaiti, Yuexin Zhang, Kejun Pan, Peierdun Mijiti, Maimaitiali Wubili, Maimaitijiang Musa and Rune Andersson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:15
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii poses a significant threat to hospitalized patients, as few therapeutic options remain. Thus, we investigated the molecular epidemiology and mechanism of resistance of...

    Authors: Nian-zhi Ning, Xiong Liu, Chun-mei Bao, Su-ming Chen, En-bo Cui, Ju-ling zhang, Jie Huang, Fang-hong Chen, Tao Li, Fen Qu and Hui Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:14
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. In the last decade, scrub typhus (ST) has been emerging or re-emerging in some areas of Asia, including Guangzhou, one of the most affected endemic areas of ST in China.

    Authors: Ye Sun, Yue-Hong Wei, Yang Yang, Yu Ma, Sake J. de Vlas, Hong-Wu Yao, Yong Huang, Mai-Juan Ma, Kun Liu, Xiao-Ning Li, Xin-Lou Li, Wen-Hui Zhang, Li-Qun Fang, Zhi-Cong Yang and Wu-Chun Cao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:13
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is an established animal pathogen, which may cause infections in humans. It is a gram-positive rod and found in the tonsils or the digestive tracts of anim...

    Authors: Kristine Hofseth, Håvard Dalen, Leif Kibsgaard, Solrun Nebb, Angela Kümmel and Arne Mehl
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:12
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  24. Colistin has a narrow therapeutic window with nephrotoxicity being the major dose-limiting adverse effect. Currently, the optimal doses and therapeutic plasma levels are unknown.

    Authors: Luisa Sorlí, Sonia Luque, Concepción Segura, Nuria Campillo, Milagro Montero, Erika Esteve, Sabina Herrera, Natividad Benito, Francisco Alvarez-Lerma, Santiago Grau and Juan Pablo Horcajada
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Toxoplasmosis is a neglected zoonotic disease which is prevalent among pregnant women especially in Africa. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and determinants of the disease among pregnant women...

    Authors: Christiana Frimpong, Mpundu Makasa, Lungowe Sitali and Charles Michelo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:10
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. The concentrations of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and surface antigen (HBsAg) are two critical virological variables to be monitored in chronic hepatitis B. HBsAg is derived from the HBV genome. Thus, higher H...

    Authors: Chao-Wei Hsu, Kung-Hao Liang, Chih-Lang Lin, Tong-Hong Wang and Chau-Ting Yeh
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:9
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) has been known to lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The relative contribution of the complement system in protection and pathogenesis during CM remains largely unknown. ...

    Authors: Lei Shen, Jianming Zheng, Yan Wang, Mengqi Zhu, Haoxiang Zhu, Qi Cheng and Qian Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:7
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. The 2009 revised World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for dengue describe fever as the core symptom. Accordingly, the diagnosis of non-febrile patients is complicated. The aim of this study was to evalua...

    Authors: Caroline Tukasan, Nathália Barbosa Furlan, Cássia Fernanda Estofolete, Maurício Lacerda Nogueira and Natal Santos da Silva
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic has exacerbated tuberculosis disease especially in Sub-Saharan African countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) and Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (U...

    Authors: Mahlet Semu, Teferi Gedif Fenta, Girmay Medhin and Dawit Assefa
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:5
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is caused by MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV). More than 80% of reported cases have occurred in Saudi Arabia, with a mortality exceeding 50%. Health-care workers (HCWs) are a...

    Authors: Mostafa A. Abolfotouh, Ali A. AlQarni, Suliman M. Al-Ghamdi, Mahmoud Salam, Mohammed H. Al-Assiri and Hanan H. Balkhy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:4
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. In low-income countries (LICs), HIV sentinel surveillance surveys (HIV-SSS) are recommended in between two demographic and health surveys, due to low-cost than the latter. Using the classical unlinked anonymou...

    Authors: Serge C. Billong, Jacob Dee, Joseph Fokam, Georges Nguefack-Tsague, Gabriel L. Ekali, Raoul Fodjo, Edith S. Temgoua, Edson-Joan Billong, Samuel M. Sosso, Jembia J. Mosoko, Francisca Monebenimp, Alexis Ndjolo, Anne-Cecile Z-K. Bissek, Omotayo Bolu and Jean-Bosco N. Elat
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:3
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. In Japan, the clinical characteristics and recent serotype distribution among adult patients of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) have not been fully investigated since the introduction of the pneumococcal c...

    Authors: Munehisa Fukusumi, Bin Chang, Yoshinari Tanabe, Kengo Oshima, Takaya Maruyama, Hiroshi Watanabe, Koji Kuronuma, Kei Kasahara, Hiroaki Takeda, Junichiro Nishi, Jiro Fujita, Tetsuya Kubota, Tomimasa Sunagawa, Tamano Matsui and Kazunori Oishi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:2
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Prevalence studies report Taenia solium cysticercosis in pig and human populations in Uganda. However, the factors influencing occurrence in smallholder pig production systems are not well documented and little i...

    Authors: Joseph M. Kungu, Michel M. Dione, Francis Ejobi, Michael Ocaido and Delia Grace
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:1
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in China and globally. Engaging in commercial sex put them at even greater risk. This study estimated the prev...

    Authors: Cunge Zheng, Jun-jie Xu, Qing-hai Hu, Yan-qiu Yu, Zhen-xing Chu, Jing Zhang, Xiao-xu Han, Lin Lu, Zhe Wang, Ji-hua Fu, Xi Chen, Hong-jing Yan, Yong-jun Jiang, Wen-qing Geng, Sten H. Vermund, Han-Zhu Qian…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:765
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. The Xpert® MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay is a rapid PCR-based assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex DNA (MTBc) and mutations associated with rifampin resistance (RIF). An updated version introduce...

    Authors: Nila J. Dharan, Robert Blakemore, Alex Sloutsky, Devinder Kaur, Richard C. Alexander, Minoo Ghajar, Kimberlee A. Musser, Vincent E. Escuyer, Marie-Claire Rowlinson, Susanne Crowe, Rafael Laniado-Laborin, Eloise Valli, Pamela Nabeta, Pamela Johnson and David Alland
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:764
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Late presentation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with heterosexual transmission, particularly among heterosexual men in Asia. Although data on HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) test...

    Authors: Raymond Boon Tar Lim, Dede Kam Tyng Tham, Olive N. Y. Cheung, Bee Choo Tai, Roy Chan and Mee Lian Wong
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:763
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. The results of routine influenza surveillance in 13 regions in the Philippines from 2006 to 2012 are presented, describing the annual seasonal epidemics of confirmed influenza virus infection, seasonal and ale...

    Authors: Marilla G. Lucero, Marianette T. Inobaya, Leilani T. Nillos, Alvin G. Tan, Vina Lea F. Arguelles, Christine Joy C. Dureza, Edelwisa S. Mercado, Analisa N. Bautista, Veronica L. Tallo, Agnes V. Barrientos, Tomas Rodriguez and Remigio M. Olveda
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:762
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. The existing seroepidemiological data on viral hepatitis in Ethiopia showed a wide variation in prevalence pattern and the clinical and public health burden have been underestimated. The aim of this systematic...

    Authors: Yeshambel Belyhun, Melanie Maier, Andargachew Mulu, Ermias Diro and Uwe Gerd Liebert
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:761
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:114

  40. Brucellosis, one of the world’s most important zoonosis, has been re-emerging in China. Shanxi Province, located in northern China, where husbandry development has been accelerated in recent years, has a rathe...

    Authors: Qiulan Chen, Shengjie Lai, Wenwu Yin, Hang Zhou, Yu Li, Di Mu, Zhongjie Li, Hongjie Yu and Weizhong Yang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:760
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. The effect of peer support on virologic and immunologic treatment outcomes among HIVinfected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) was assessed in a cluster randomized controlled trial in Vietnam.

    Authors: Do Duy Cuong, Anders Sönnerborg, Vu Van Tam, Ziad El-Khatib, Michele Santacatterina, Gaetano Marrone, Nguyen Thi Kim Chuc, Vinod Diwan, Anna Thorson, Nicole K. Le, Pham Nhat An and Mattias Larsson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:759
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Clustered tuberculosis (TB) still occurred nationally in Chinese schools every year, where high school students patients accounts for the highest proportion. These young TB patients are in a critical period of...

    Authors: Shaoru Zhang, Xiaohong Li, Tianhua Zhang, Yahui Fan and Yuelu Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:758
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Influenza vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization for high risk groups, yet few data exist on influenza disease burden in West Africa.

    Authors: Michael Preko Ntiri, Jazmin Duque, Meredith L. McMorrow, Joseph Asamoah Frimpong, Prince Parbie, Edem Badji, Ndahwouh Talla Nzussouo, Eve-Marie Benson, Michael Adjabeng, Erica Dueger, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Fatimah S. Dawood, Kwadwo Koram and William Ampofo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:757
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Antimicrobial resistance has been declared by the World Health Organization as a threat to the public health. The aim of this study was to analyze antimicrobial resistance patterns of the common pathogens occu...

    Authors: Nyambura Moremi, Heike Claus and Stephen E. Mshana
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:756
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. There currently is a severe Zika Virus (ZIKV) epidemic in Brazil and other South American countries. Due to international travel, this poses severe public health risk of ZIKV importation to other countries. We...

    Authors: C. M. Saad-Roy, P. van den Driessche and Junling Ma
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:754
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Expanding antimicrobial resistance patterns in the face of stagnant growth in novel antibiotic production underscores the importance of antibiotic stewardship in which de-escalation remains an integral compone...

    Authors: Peter Liu, Christopher Ohl, James Johnson, John Williamson, James Beardsley and Vera Luther
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:751
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Published information regarding the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and outcomes of patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) blood stream infection (BSI) is limited. We aimed in this study...

    Authors: Xiaoqing Liu, Sainan Bian, Yueqiu Zhang, Lifan Zhang, Qiwen Yang, Peng Wang, Yingchun Xu, Xiaochun Shi, Yao Zhang and Roy F. Chemaly
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:750
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Infection rates in revision (second and subsequent) major joint arthroplasty continues to be a significant issue with rates 2–3 times those of primary procedures. The effect of antibiotic and antiseptic prophy...

    Authors: Jeffrey Voigt, Michael Mosier and Rabih Darouiche
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:749
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Leptospirosis involves nervous system in around 10-15% of the cases, the commonest presentation being aseptic meningitis. Most of the clinical features of neuroleptospirosis are due to capillary endothelial da...

    Authors: Rajveer Singh, Dheeraj Khurana, Sahil Mehta, Aditya Choudhary, Gayathri Petluri and Vivek Lal
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:748
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  50. Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that has become a major cause of concern, since it is a frequent cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The aim of the study was to describe the occ...

    Authors: Aida Bianco, Angela Quirino, Mariavalentina Giordano, Vito Marano, Claudia Rizzo, Maria Carla Liberto, Alfredo Focà and Maria Pavia
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:747
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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