World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report, vol. 2016. Geneva: WHO Press, World Health Organization; 2016.
Storla DG, Yimer S, Bjune GA. A systematic review of delay in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:15.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Salinas J, Calvillo S, Cayla J, Nedel FB, Martin M, Navarro A. Delays in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Coahuila, Mexico. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2012;16(9):1193–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Van Wyk SS, Enarson DA, Beyers N, Lombard C, Hesseling AC. Consulting private health care providers aggravates treatment delay in urban South African tuberculosis patients. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2011;15(8):1069–76.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lambert ML, Delgado R, Michaux G, Volz A, Speybroeck N, Van Der Stuyft P. Delays to treatment and out-of-pocket medical expenditure for tuberculosis patients, in an urban area of South America. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2005;99(8):781–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sreeramareddy CT, Qin ZZ, Satyanarayana S, Subbaraman R, Pai M. Delays in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in India: a systematic review. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2014;18(3):255–66.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rifat M, Hall J, Oldmeadow C, Husain A, Milton AH. Health system delay in treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients in Bangladesh. BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15:526.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Belay M, Bjune G, Ameni G, Abebe F. Diagnostic and treatment delay among tuberculosis patients in afar region, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:369.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Belkina TV, Khojiev DS, Tillyashaykhov MN, Tigay ZN, Kudenov MU, Tebbens JD, Vlcek J. Delay in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in Uzbekistan: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis. 2014;14:624.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Mahendradhata Y, Lestari T, Probandari A, Indriarini LE, Burhan E, Mustikawati D, Utarini A. How do private general practitioners manage tuberculosis cases? A survey in eight cities in Indonesia. BMC Res Notes. 2015;8:564.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Yimer SA, Holm-Hansen C, Bjune G. Assessment of knowledge and practice of private practitioners regarding tuberculosis control in Ethiopia. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2012;6(1):13–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Satyanarayana S, Subbaraman R, Shete P, Gore G, Das J, Cattamanchi A, Mayer K, Menzies D, Harries AD, Hopewell P, et al. Quality of tuberculosis care in India: a systematic review. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015;19(7):751–63.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Bell CA, Duncan G, Saini B. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of private sector providers of tuberculosis care: a scoping review. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2011;15(8):1005–17.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bronner Murrison L, Ananthakrishnan R, Sukumar S, Augustine S, Krishnan N, Pai M, Dowdy DW. How do urban Indian private practitioners diagnose and treat tuberculosis? A cross-sectional study in Chennai. PLoS One. 2016;11(2):e0149862.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Naseer M, Khawaja A, Pethani AS, Aleem S. How well can physicians manage tuberculosis? A public-private sector comparison from Karachi, Pakistan. BMC Health Serv Res. 2013;13:439.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Dato MI, Imaz MS. Tuberculosis control and the private sector in a low incidence setting in Argentina. Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2009;11(3):370–82.
Article
Google Scholar
Lonnroth K, Thuong LM, Lambregts K, Quy HT, Diwan VK. Private tuberculosis care provision associated with poor treatment outcome: comparative study of a semi-private lung clinic and the NTP in two urban districts in ho chi Minh City, Vietnam. National Tuberculosis Programme. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2003;7(2):165–71.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Adejumo OA, Daniel OJ, Adejumo EN, Oluwole EO, Olumuyiwa OO. Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis patients managed at the public and private DOTS facilities in Lagos, Nigeria. Int J Trop Dis. 2015;10(2):1–9.
Google Scholar
Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). 3101.0 - Australian demographic statistics, 2015 [http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/3101.0]. Accessed 27 Feb 2017.
Toms C, Stapledon R, Waring J, Douglas P. Tuberculosis notifications in Australia, 2012 and 2013. Commun Dis Intell. 2015;38:4.
Google Scholar
Dale K, Tay E, Trevan P, Denholm JT. Mortality among tuberculosis cases in Victoria, 2002-2013: case fatality and factors associated with death. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2016;20(4):515–23.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Globan M, Lavender C, Leslie D, Brown L, Denholm J, Raios K, Sievers A, Kelly H, Fyfe J. Molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis in Victoria, Australia, reveals low level of transmission. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2016;20(5):652–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Communicable Diseases Network Australia (CDNA). Tuberculosis case definition. [http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/cda-surveilnndss-casedefs-cd_tb.htm]. Accessed 27 Feb 2017.
Department of Health & Human Services: Management, control and prevention of tuberculosis guidelines for health care providers. 2015.
Google Scholar
Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S, Sturdivant RX. Applied logistic regression. Chicester: Wiley; 2013.
Book
Google Scholar
El-Sony A, Enarson D, Khamis A, Baraka O, Bjune G. Relation of grading of sputum smears with clinical features of tuberculosis patients in routine practice in Sudan. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2002;6(2):91–7.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Madebo T, Lindtjorn B. Delay in treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: an analysis of symptom duration among Ethiopian patients. MedGenMed. 1999;1(1):E6.
Xu X, Liu JH, Cao SY, Zhao Y, Dong XX, Liang Y, Lu ZX. Delays in care seeking, diagnosis and treatment among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Shenzhen, China. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2013;17(5):615–20.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lonnroth K, Uplekar M, Arora VK, Juvekar S, Lan NT, Mwaniki D, Pathania V. Public-private mix for DOTS implementation: what makes it work? Bull World Health Organ. 2004;82(8):580–6.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Byass P. Tuberculosis: a private and public health and data mix. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16(11):1206–1207.
Mor Z, Kolb H, Lidji M, Migliori G, Leventhal A. Tuberculosis diagnostic delay and therapy outcomes of non-national migrants in Tel Aviv, 1998-2008. Euro Surveill. 2013;18:12.
Google Scholar
Mesfin MM, Newell JN, Walley JD, Gessessew A, Madeley RJ. Delayed consultation among pulmonary tuberculosis patients: a cross sectional study of 10 DOTS districts of Ethiopia. BMC Public Health. 2009;9:53.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wu YC, Lo HY, Yang SL, Chou P. Factors correlated with tuberculosis reported after death. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2014;18(12):1485–90.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar