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  1. Following its recent certification as malaria-free, imported infections now pose the greatest threat for maintaining this status in Sri Lanka. Imported infections may also introduce species that are uncommon o...

    Authors: Sharmini Gunawardena, Rachel F. Daniels, Thishan C. Yahathugoda, Mirani V. Weerasooriya, Katelyn Durfee, Sarah K. Volkman, Dyann F. Wirth and Nadira D. Karunaweera
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:307
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  2. Meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges of the brain and or spinal cord. Global mortality rates vary from 2% to 30%. Epidemic meningitis remains a public health concern along the meningitis belt of Afri...

    Authors: Basil Benduri Kaburi, Chrysantus Kubio, Ernest Kenu, Kofi Mensah Nyarko, Jacob Yakubu Mahama, Samuel Oko Sackey and Edwin Andrew Afari
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:306
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. The aetiological spectrum of acute encephalitis shows inter- and intra-geographical variations. We aimed to identify the viruses that cause infectious encephalitis in Sri Lanka, which represents a South Asian ...

    Authors: Janarthani Lohitharajah, Neelika Malavige, Carukshi Arambepola, Jithangi Wanigasinghe, Ranjanie Gamage, Padma Gunaratne, Pyara Ratnayake and Thashi Chang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:303
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. A number of biomarkers have been studied for the diagnosis of sepsis in paediatrics, but no gold standard has been identified. Procalcitonin (PCT) was demonstrated to be an accurate biomarker for the diagnosis...

    Authors: Giuseppe Pontrelli, Franco De Crescenzo, Roberto Buzzetti, Alessandro Jenkner, Sara Balduzzi, Francesca Calò Carducci, Donato Amodio, Maia De Luca, Sara Chiurchiù, Elin Haf Davies, Giorgia Copponi, Alessandra Simonetti, Elena Ferretti, Valeria Di Franco, Virginia Rasi, Martina Della Corte…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:302
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Household (HH) contact tracing is a strategy that targets high risk groups for TB. Symptom based screening is the standard used to identify HH contacts at risk for TB during HH contact tracing for TB. However,...

    Authors: Monde Muyoyeta, Nkatya Chanda Kasese, Deborah Milimo, Isaac Mushanga, Mapopa Ndhlovu, Nathan Kapata, Maureen Moyo-Chilufya and Helen Ayles
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:301
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Emergence of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (M/XDR-TB) is a major hurdle for TB control programs especially in developing countries like China. Resistance to fluoroquinolones is high am...

    Authors: Jun Chen, Peng Peng, Yixiang Du, Yi Ren, Lifeng Chen, Youyi Rao and Weihua Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:300
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Estimates of month-2 culture conversion, a proxy indicator of tuberculosis (TB) treatment efficacy in phase-2 trials can vary by culture-type and geographically with lower rates reported among African sites. T...

    Authors: Daniel Atwine, Patrick Orikiriza, Ivan Taremwa, Arnold Ayebare, Suzan Logoose, Juliet Mwanga-Amumpaire, Amina Jindani and Maryline Bonnet
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:299
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. African pouched rats sniffing sputum samples provided by local clinics have significantly increased tuberculosis case findings in Tanzania and Mozambique. The objective of this study was to determine the repro...

    Authors: Haylee Ellis, Christiaan Mulder, Emilio Valverde, Alan Poling and Timothy Edwards
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:298
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. The etiology of myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MVD) is not fully understood and may depend on time or environmental factors for which the interaction of infectious agents has not been documented. The pu...

    Authors: Marcos Gradim Tiveron, Pablo Maria Alberto Pomerantzeff, Maria de Lourdes Higuchi, Marcia Martins Reis, Jaqueline de Jesus Pereira, Joyce Tieko Kawakami, Renata Nishiyama Ikegami, Carlos Manuel de Almeida Brandao and Fabio Biscegli Jatene
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:297
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. The prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents to prevent infections in non-surgical situations has hardly been investigated. We investigate the extent, indications and appropriateness of antimicrobial prophylax...

    Authors: Jan W. T. Deelen, Caroline E. Visser, Jan M. Prins and Reinier M. van Hest
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:296
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Untreated, miliary tuberculosis (TB) has a mortality approaching 100%. As it is uncommon there is little specific data to guide its management. We report detailed data from a UK cohort of patients with miliary...

    Authors: Jonathan Underwood, Fiona Cresswell, Alex P Salam, Alex J Keeley, Charles Cleland, Laurence John and Robert N Davidson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:295
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections have increased during the past decade but little is known about geographic clustering patterns.

    Authors: Thomas J. Stopka, Michael A. Goulart, David J. Meyers, Marga Hutcheson, Kerri Barton, Shauna Onofrey, Daniel Church, Ashley Donahue and Kenneth K. H. Chui
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:294
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Zika, dengue, and chikungunya are three mosquito-borne viruses having overlapping transmission vectors. They cause diseases having similar symptoms in human patients, but requiring different immediate manageme...

    Authors: Ozlem Yaren, Barry W. Alto, Priyanka V. Gangodkar, Shatakshi R. Ranade, Kunal N. Patil, Kevin M. Bradley, Zunyi Yang, Nikhil Phadke and Steven A. Benner
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:293
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Early tuberculosis (TB) case finding and adequate chemotherapy are essential for interrupting disease transmission and preventing complications due to delayed care seeking. This study was undertaken in order t...

    Authors: Robel Yirgu, Firaol Lemessa, Selamawit Hirpa, Abraham Alemayehu and Eveline Klinkenberg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:292
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in pediatric severe malarial anemia (SMA) pathogenesis is a crucial step in the design of novel therapeutics. Identification of host genetic suscepti...

    Authors: Elly O. Munde, Evans Raballah, Winnie A. Okeyo, John M. Ong’echa, Douglas J. Perkins and Collins Ouma
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:291
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Gonorrhoea, caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), can cause reproductive morbidity, is increasingly becoming resistant to antibiotics and is frequently asymptomatic, which shows the essential role of NG test prac...

    Authors: Casper D. J. den Heijer, Christian J. P. A. Hoebe, Geneviève A. F. S. van Liere, Jan E. A. M. van Bergen, Jochen W. L. Cals, Frans S. Stals and Nicole H. T. M. Dukers-Muijrers
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:290
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Naturally-acquired immunity to Plasmodium falciparum malaria develops after several episodes of infection. Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) bind to immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and mediate phagocytosis of opsonize...

    Authors: Elly O. Munde, Winnie A. Okeyo, Evans Raballah, Samuel B. Anyona, Tom Were, John M. Ong’echa, Douglas J. Perkins and Collins Ouma
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:289
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Chromomycosis is a rare mycotic infection encountered in tropical and subtropical regions. The disease presents as a slowly-evolving nodule that can become infected with bacteria. Here, we describe a unique as...

    Authors: J. Tourret, N. Benabdellah, S. Drouin, F. Charlotte, J. Rottembourg, N. Arzouk, A. Fekkar and B. Barrou
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:288
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  19. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause of mortality among HIV-infected patients, however little is known about the burden of CVD among this population in Asia. We sought to quantify prevalence of C...

    Authors: Fuping Guo, Evelyn Hsieh, Wei Lv, Yang Han, Jing Xie, Yanling Li, Xiaojing Song and Taisheng Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:287
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Authors: Yong Ping Lin, Zi Feng Yang, Ying Liang, Zheng Tu Li, Helen S. Bond, Huiying Chua, Ya Sha Luo, Yuan Chen, Ting Ting Chen, Wen Da Guan, Jimmy Chun Cheong Lai, Yu Lam Siu, Si Hua Pan, J. S. Malik Peiris, Benjamin J. Cowling and Chris Ka Pun Mok
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:286
    Content type: Erratum Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:632

  21. There are few studies focus on the factors underlying the late initiation of ART in China. We analyzed the trends in the median CD4 cell counts among different patient groups over time and the risk factors for...

    Authors: Jianjun Sun, Li Liu, Jiayin Shen, Panpan Chen and Hongzhou Lu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:285
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. The spread of Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) among Enterobacteriaceae and other Gram-Negative pathogens in the community and hospitals represents a major challenge to combat infections. We conducted a stu...

    Authors: Joel Manyahi, Sabrina J. Moyo, Marit Gjerde Tellevik, Faustine Ndugulile, Willy Urassa, Bjørn Blomberg and Nina Langeland
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:282
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses formidable challenges to TB control due to its complex diagnostic and treatment challenges and often associated with a high rate of mortality. Accurate and rapi...

    Authors: Abyot Meaza, Abebaw Kebede, Zelalem Yaregal, Zekarias Dagne, Shewki Moga, Bazezew Yenew, Getu Diriba, Helina Molalign, Mengistu Tadesse, Desalegn Adisse, Muluwork Getahun and Kassu Desta
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:280
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Drug resistance among gram-negative pathogens is a risk factor for inappropriate empiric treatment (IET), which in turn increases the risk for mortality. We explored the impact of carbapenem-resistant Enteroba...

    Authors: Marya D. Zilberberg, Brian H. Nathanson, Kate Sulham, Weihong Fan and Andrew F. Shorr
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:279
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Spotted fever group rickettsioses (SFGR) transmitted mostly by ticks are increasingly discovered around the World and some of them are either re-emerging or emerging in Sri Lanka. Accidental human infections c...

    Authors: Nathasha Luke, Hasini Munasinghe, Lakshmi Balasooriya and Ranjan Premaratna
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:278
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  28. There is paucity of information regarding the epidemiology of Escherichia coli O157: H7 in developing countries. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of E. coli O157: H7 associated with beef cattle at pr...

    Authors: Rosa Abdissa, Woynshet Haile, Akafete Teklu Fite, Ashenafi Feyisa Beyi, Getahun E. Agga, Bedaso Mammo Edao, Fanos Tadesse, Mesula Geloye Korsa, Takele Beyene, Tariku Jibat Beyene, Lieven De Zutter, Eric Cox and Bruno Maria Goddeeris
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:277
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Enterococci become clinically important especially in immune compromised patients and important causes of nosocomial infections. Data on the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and associated fac...

    Authors: Amelework Yilema, Feleke Moges, Sisay Tadele, Mengistu Endris, Afework Kassu, Wondwossen Abebe and Getnet Ayalew
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:276
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Analysis of the stool samples is an essential part of routine diagnostics of the helminthes infections. However, the standard methods such Kato and Kato-Katz utilize only a fraction of the information availabl...

    Authors: Sarantos Kostidis, Daria Kokova, Natalia Dementeva, Irina V. Saltykova, Hye Kyong Kim, Young Hae Choi and Oleg A. Mayboroda
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:275
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  31. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an established pathogen that causes hospital- and community-acquired infections worldwide. The prevalence rate of MRSA infections were reported to be the high...

    Authors: Pik San Sit, Cindy Shuan Ju Teh, Nuryana Idris, I-Ching Sam, Sharifah Faridah Syed Omar, Helmi Sulaiman, Kwai Lin Thong, Adeeba Kamarulzaman and Sasheela Ponnampalavanar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:274
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Rickettsiosis is a potential life threatening infectious disease in travelers. Clinical recognition is not always straightforward, as typical manifestations such as rash and/or eschar may be absent. Definite d...

    Authors: Caroline Theunissen, Lieselotte Cnops, Marjan Van Esbroeck, Ralph Huits and Emmanuel Bottieau
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:273
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  33. β-D-glucan (BDG) is a helpful diagnostic marker for many invasive fungal infections, but not for nocardiosis. Here, we reported the first case of nocardial infection with high serum level of BDG.

    Authors: Toyomitsu Sawai, Takumi Nakao, Shota Yamaguchi, Sumako Yoshioka, Nobuko Matsuo, Naofumi Suyama, Katsunori Yanagihara and Hiroshi Mukae
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:272
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  34. Bergeyella zoohelcum is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium that is frequently isolated from the upper respiratory tract of dogs, cats and other mammals. Clinically, B. zoohelcum has b...

    Authors: Yili Chen, Kang Liao, Lu Ai, Penghao Guo, Han Huang, Zhongwen Wu and Min Liu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:271
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  35. The present study aimed to describe the genetic diversity of HIV-1, as well as the resistance profile of the viruses identified in HIV-1 infected pregnant women under antiretroviral therapy in the state of Par...

    Authors: Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado, Iran Barros Costa, Maria Nazaré Folha, Anderson Levy Bessa da Luz, Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto, Ricardo Ishak and Marluisa Oliveira Guimarães Ishak
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:270
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Heterosexual intercourse accounted for 93% of reported HIV cases in Guangxi, and Guangxi had 10% of China’s total number of reported HIV cases. Older men are particularly vulnerable to STIs, for example, 46% o...

    Authors: Li Chen, Jenny H. His, Xinghua Wu, Zhiyong Shen, Huaxiang Lu, Huanhuan Chen, Hui Huang, Heng Zhang, Yuhua Ruan, Yiming Shao and Zhenzhu Tang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:269
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. HIV is increasingly considered a chronic illness. More individuals are living longer and aging with the health-related consequences associated with HIV and multi-morbidity. Exercise is a self-management approa...

    Authors: Kelly K. O’Brien, Anne-Marie Tynan, Stephanie A. Nixon and Richard H. Glazier
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:268
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Rotavirus vaccines are available in Spain from 2007. They are recommended by the Spanish Pediatric Association, but not funded by the National Health System (NHS) and its coverage rate reached 40-50%. The hosp...

    Authors: Alejandro Orrico-Sanchez, Mónica López-Lacort, Silvia Pérez-Vilar and Javier Díez-Domingo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:267
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Atazanavir/ritonavir and darunavir/ritonavir are common protease inhibitor-based regimens for treating patients with HIV. Studies comparing these drugs in clinical practice are lacking.

    Authors: Tony Antoniou, Leah Szadkowski, Sharon Walmsley, Curtis Cooper, Ann N. Burchell, Ahmed M. Bayoumi, Julio S. G. Montaner, Mona Loutfy, Marina B. Klein, Nima Machouf, Christos Tsoukas, Alexander Wong, Robert S. Hogg and Janet Raboud
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:266
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to examine the efficacy and completion rates of treatments for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). While a previous review found newer, short-...

    Authors: Christopher Pease, Brian Hutton, Fatemeh Yazdi, Dianna Wolfe, Candyce Hamel, Pauline Quach, Becky Skidmore, David Moher and Gonzalo G. Alvarez
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:265
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) among young women, can result in serious sequelae. Although the course of infection is often ...

    Authors: B. M. Hoenderboom, A. A. M. van Oeffelen, B. H. B. van Benthem, J. E. A. M. van Bergen, N. H. T. M. Dukers-Muijrers, H. M. Götz, C. J. P. A. Hoebe, A. A. Hogewoning, F. R. M. van der Klis, D. van Baarle, J. A. Land, M. A. B. van der Sande, M. G. van Veen, F. de Vries, S. A. Morré and I. V. F. van den Broek
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:264
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  42. Alcohol abuse is an important public health problem, frequently unrecognized among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), and requires investigation and intervention. It is usually associated with lower adherenc...

    Authors: Cláudio Moss da Silva, Raúl Andrés Mendoza-Sassi, Luisa Dias da Mota, Maíba Mikhael Nader and Ana Maria Barral de Martinez
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:263
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. By assessing the changes in concentration of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegrin (OPG) after initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in treatment-...

    Authors: Inger Hee Mathiesen, Mohammad Salem, Jan Gerstoft, Julie Christine Gaardbo, Niels Obel, Court Pedersen, Henrik Ullum, Susanne Dam Nielsen and Ann-Brit Eg Hansen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:262
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Whether the non-inferior efficacy and safety results of switching virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected patients from nevirapine immediate-release (NVP-IR) to NVP extended-release (NVP-XR) demonstrated in th...

    Authors: Chun-Yuan Lee, Hui-Min Chang, Calvin M Kunin, Susan Shin-Jung Lee, Yao-Shen Chen and Hung-Chin Tsai
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:261
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Hepatitis C infection is a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries where an estimated 71.1 million individuals are living with chronic infection. The World Health Organization (WHO) has...

    Authors: Alessandra Berto, Jeremy Day, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Guy E. Thwaites, Ngoc Nghiem My, Stephen Baker and Thomas C. Darton
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:260
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Screening household contacts of active tuberculosis (TB) patients is recommended for TB control. Due to resource constraints this rarely occurs in lower income countries. Demographic and clinical features of i...

    Authors: Jonas Hector, Suzanne T. Anderson, Gertrude Banda, Mercy Kamdolozi, Laura F. Jefferys, Doris Shani, Natalie J. Garton, Agnes Mwale, Annie Jobe, Geraint R. Davies and Derek J Sloan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:259
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. To reduce the burden of severe influenza, most industrialized countries target specific risk-groups with influenza vaccines, e.g. the elderly or individuals with comorbidities. Since children are the main spre...

    Authors: Felix Weidemann, Cornelius Remschmidt, Silke Buda, Udo Buchholz, Bernhard Ultsch and Ole Wichmann
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:258
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. In Côte d’Ivoire, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a serious public health problem with a prevalence estimated at 2.5% in 2006. Zinc and copper are essential Trace element needed to strengthen the ...

    Authors: Gnogbo Alexis Bahi, Lydie Boyvin, Souleymane Méité, Gervais Melaine M’Boh, Kadjowely Yeo, Kouassi Raymond N’Guessan, Alain Dit Philippe Bidié and Allico Joseph Djaman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:257
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. The presence of the HLA-B*57:01 allele in HIV-infected subjects is associated with a higher risk of abacavir-associated hypersensitivity reaction (ABC HSR). HLA-B*57:01 allele prevalence varies in different po...

    Authors: Catherine Butkus Small, David A. Margolis, Mark S. Shaefer and Lisa L. Ross
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:256
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Men who have sex with men (MSM) and male-to-female transgender women (transwomen) are disproportionately at risk of syphilis infection in Peru.

    Authors: Noah Kojima, Hayoung Park, Kelika A. Konda, Dvora L. Joseph Davey, Claire C. Bristow, Brandon Brown, Segundo R. Leon, Silver K. Vargas, Gino M. Calvo, Carlos F. Caceres and Jeffrey D. Klausner
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:255
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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