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  1. Transmission of respiratory pathogens in a population depends on the contact network patterns of individuals. To accurately understand and explain epidemic behaviour information on contact networks is required...

    Authors: Mart L. Stein, Peter G. M. van der Heijden, Vincent Buskens, Jim E. van Steenbergen, Linus Bengtsson, Carl E. Koppeschaar, Anna Thorson and Mirjam E. E. Kretzschmar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:522
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important hospital-acquired pathogen in healthcare facilities that frequently causes bacteraemia and ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care uni...

    Authors: Michelle Lowings, Marthie Magdaleen Ehlers, Andries William Dreyer and Marleen Magdalena Kock
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:521
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Adolescents have gained increased attention because they are the only age group where HIV related mortality is going up. We set out to describe the level and factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral...

    Authors: Nicolette Nabukeera-Barungi, Peter Elyanu, Barbara Asire, Cordelia Katureebe, Ivan Lukabwe, Eleanor Namusoke, Joshua Musinguzi, Lynn Atuyambe and Nathan Tumwesigye
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:520
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular protozoan parasite able to infect a wide range of hosts, including humans. Congenital infection can cause severe damage to the fetus. Thus...

    Authors: Ana Carolina de Morais Oliveira, Hellen Dayane Silva Borges, Fernando Reis Carvalho, Arlindo Gomes de Macêdo Jr., Caroline Martins Mota, Angela Maria de Morais Oliveira, Fernanda Maria Santiago, Cristina Guimarães Arantes Araújo, Deise Aparecida de Oliveira Silva, Tiago Wilson Patriarca Mineo, Vânia Olivetti Steffen Abdallah and José Roberto Mineo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:519
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Dengue is the most widespread mosquito-borne viral disease of public health concern. In some patients, endothelial cell and platelet dysfunction lead to life-threatening hemorrhagic dengue fever or dengue shoc...

    Authors: Romain Fragnoud, Marie Flamand, Frederic Reynier, Philippe Buchy, Vasna Duong, Alexandre Pachot, Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala and Frederic Bedin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:518
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. The National AIDS Control Organization of India has been providing free second line antiretroviral therapy (ART) since 2008. This observational study reports the survival and virologic suppression of patients ...

    Authors: Jaya Chakravarty, Shyam Sundar, Ankita Chourasia, Pallav Narayan Singh, Swarali Kurle, Srikanth P. Tripathy, Devidas N Chaturbhuj, Madhukar Rai, Amit Kumar Agarwal, Rabindra Nath Mishra and Ramesh S. Paranjape
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:517
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. The epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has changed over the past decades with the emergence of highly virulent strains. The role of asymptomatic C. difficile colonization as part of the clinica...

    Authors: Luis Furuya-Kanamori, John Marquess, Laith Yakob, Thomas V. Riley, David L. Paterson, Niki F. Foster, Charlotte A. Huber and Archie C. A. Clements
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:516
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. The widespread overuse of antibiotics promotes the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, which can cause severe illness and constitutes a major public health concern. Haemophilus species are a common ...

    Authors: Josef Yayan, Beniam Ghebremedhin and Kurt Rasche
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:514
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Early death during TB treatment is associated with depressed TNFα response to antigenic stimulation and propensity to superadded bacterial infection. Hypothesising the role of monocyte unresponsiveness, we fur...

    Authors: Catriona John Waitt, Peter Banda, Sarah Glennie, Beate Kampmann, S. Bertel Squire, Munir Pirmohamed and Robert Simon Heyderman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:513
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E) are increasingly identified in health care facilities. As previously done for the control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, many ho...

    Authors: Jean-Ralph Zahar, Laurent Poirel, Claire Dupont, Nicolas Fortineau, Xavier Nassif and Patrice Nordmann
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:512
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Poor targeting of antimicrobial drugs contributes to the millions of deaths each year from malaria, pneumonia, and other tropical infectious diseases. While malaria rapid diagnostic tests have improved use of ...

    Authors: Yoel Lubell, Stuart D. Blacksell, Susanna Dunachie, Ampai Tanganuchitcharnchai, Thomas Althaus, Wanitda Watthanaworawit, Daniel H. Paris, Mayfong Mayxay, Thomas J. Peto, Arjen M. Dondorp, Nicholas J. White, Nicholas P.J. Day, François Nosten, Paul N. Newton and Paul Turner
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:511
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Numerous post-licensure studies, mostly from field epidemiological evidences such as outbreak surveys, have demonstrated the effectivenesss and insufficiency of one-dose varicella vaccine in outbreak control. ...

    Authors: Luodan Suo, Li Lu, Meng Chen and Xinghuo Pang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:509
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. A major challenge faced by countries with a high burden of tuberculosis (TB) is early detection especially in individuals with paucibacillary disease which is common in HIV endemic settings.

    Authors: M. M. Z. Matabane, F. Ismail, K. A. Strydom, O. Onwuegbuna, S. V. Omar and N. Ismail
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:508
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Group B Streptococci (GBS) are the most common neonatal pathogens and infect immunocompromised and elderly individuals. The species has 10 different serotypes. Serotypes have been studied in the south-west are...

    Authors: Margrét Johansson Gudjónsdóttir, Elisabet Hentz, Stefan Berg, Erik Backhaus, Anders Elfvin, Samir Kawash and Birger Trollfors
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:507
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. During the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, a monovalent pandemic strain vaccine containing the oil-in-water adjuvant AS03 (Pandemrix®) was offered to the Norwegian population. The coverage among children rea...

    Authors: Inger Johanne Bakken, Kari Modalsli Aaberg, Sara Ghaderi, Nina Gunnes, Lill Trogstad, Per Magnus and Siri Eldevik Håberg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:506
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Appropriate antibiotic use in patients with complicated urinary tract infections can be measured by a valid set of nine quality indicators (QIs). We evaluated the performance of these QIs in a national setting...

    Authors: V. Spoorenberg, S. E. Geerlings, R. B. Geskus, T. M. de Reijke, J. M. Prins and M. E. J. L. Hulscher
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:505
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Influenza causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet few data exist on influenza infection rates in tropical, developing countries. In 2011, we established the Nicaraguan Pediatric Influenza Coh...

    Authors: Aubree Gordon, Guillermina Kuan, William Aviles, Nery Sanchez, Sergio Ojeda, Brenda Lopez, Lionel Gresh, Angel Balmaseda and Eva Harris
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:504
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  19. Treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infection (cSSSI) places a tremendous burden on the health care system. Understanding relative resource utilization associated with different antimicrobials is ...

    Authors: Teresa L. Kauf, Peggy McKinnon, G. Ralph Corey, John Bedolla, Paul F. Riska, Matthew Sims, Luis Jauregui-Peredo, Bruce Friedman, James D. Hoehns, Renée-Claude Mercier, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Susan K. Brenneman, David Ng and Thomas Lodise
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:503
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Herpes zoster (HZ), also known as shingles, is a painful and commonly occurring condition in the United States. In spite of a universally recommended vaccine for use in immunocompetent adults aged 60 years and...

    Authors: Barbara H. Johnson, Liisa Palmer, Justin Gatwood, Gregory Lenhart, Kosuke Kawai and Camilo J. Acosta
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:502
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Laboratory testing is a fundamental component of influenza surveillance for detecting novel strains with pandemic potential and informing biannual vaccine strain selection. The United States (U.S.) Centers for...

    Authors: Lucinda E. A. Johnson, Sarah A. Muir-Paulik, Pam Kennedy, Steven Lindstrom, Amanda Balish, Tricia Aden and Ann C. Moen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:501
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is an emerging health problem. We present here the Zambia-specific national level data of prevalence, symptomatic, radiological and microbiological characteristics ...

    Authors: Pascalina Chanda-Kapata, Nathan Kapata, Eveline Klinkenberg, Lutinala Mulenga, Mathias Tembo, Patrick Katemangwe, Veronica Sunkutu, Peter Mwaba and Martin P. Grobusch
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:500
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Authors: Katja Polman, Sören L. Becker, Emilie Alirol, Nisha K. Bhatta, Narayan R. Bhattarai, Emmanuel Bottieau, Martin W. Bratschi, Sakib Burza, Jean T. Coulibaly, Mama N. Doumbia, Ninon S. Horié, Jan Jacobs, Basudha Khanal, Aly Landouré, Yodi Mahendradhata, Filip Meheus…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:499
    Content type: Erratum Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:338

  24. Contradicting results on the effect of abacavir (ABC) on hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment responses in HIV/HCV co-infected patients have been reported. We evaluated the influence of ABC on the response to peg...

    Authors: Colette Smit, Joop Arends, Lars Peters, Antonella d’Arminio Montforte, Francois Dabis, Robert Zangerle, George Daikos, Christina Mussini, Josep Mallolas, Stephane de Wit, Annelies Zinkernagel, Jaime Cosin, Genevieve Chene, Dorthe Raben and Jürgen Rockstroh
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:498
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is an important public health problem worldwide. Consumption of animal-derived food products and direct and/or indirect contact with animals are the major routes of acquiring infect...

    Authors: Tadesse Eguale, Wondwossen A. Gebreyes, Daniel Asrat, Haile Alemayehu, John S. Gunn and Ephrem Engidawork
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:497
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. The Belgian HIV epidemic is largely concentrated among men who have sex with men and Sub-Saharan Africans. We studied the continuum of HIV care of those diagnosed with HIV living in Belgium and its associated ...

    Authors: D. Van Beckhoven, E. Florence, J. Ruelle, J. Deblonde, C. Verhofstede, S. Callens, E. Vancutsem, P. Lacor, R. Demeester, J.-C. Goffard and A. Sasse
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:496
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by a group of enteroviruses, including Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) and Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71). In recent decades, Asian countries have expe...

    Authors: Banghua Chen, Ayako Sumi, Shin’ichi Toyoda, Quan Hu, Dunjin Zhou, Keiji Mise, Junchan Zhao and Nobumichi Kobayashi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:495
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Models of infectious disease increasingly seek to incorporate heterogeneity of social interactions to more accurately characterise disease spread. We measured attributes of social encounters in two areas of Gr...

    Authors: David A. Rolls, Nicholas L. Geard, Deborah J. Warr, Paula M. Nathan, Garry L. Robins, Philippa E. Pattison, James M. McCaw and Jodie McVernon
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:494
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Dengue is one of the leading causes of morbidity in tropical and subtropical regions and infection with any of the four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4) result in a wide range of clinical manifestations. Given...

    Authors: Erik Alm, Gunnel Lindegren, Kerstin Ingrid Falk and Nina Lagerqvist
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:493
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Zika virus (ZIKV; genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae) is an emerging virus of medical importance maintained in a zoonotic cycle between arboreal Aedes spp. mosquitoes and nonhuman primates in African and Asian...

    Authors: Cheikh Tidiane Diagne, Diawo Diallo, Oumar Faye, Yamar Ba, Ousmane Faye, Alioune Gaye, Ibrahima Dia, Ousmane Faye, Scott C. Weaver, Amadou Alpha Sall and Mawlouth Diallo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:492
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Taiwan has integrated the previous vertical tuberculosis (TB) control system into the general health care system. With the phase out of the specialized TB care system and the declining TB incidence, it is like...

    Authors: Chien-Chou Chen, Chen-Yuan Chiang, Sung-Ching Pan, Jann-Yuan Wang and Hsien-Ho Lin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:491
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. More detailed understanding of herpes zoster (HZ) is called for in the context of an increasing observed frequency of disease, and ongoing discussions regarding potential consequences of the disease. Thus, pop...

    Authors: Karin Sundström, Caroline E. Weibull, Karin Söderberg-Löfdal, Tomas Bergström, Pär Sparén and Lisen Arnheim-Dahlström
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:488
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Hand foot mouth disease (HFMD) is a common childhood infection that can potentially lead to serious complications. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors of acquiring severe HFMD in our population.

    Authors: So-Phia Chew, Shu-Ling Chong, Sylvaine Barbier, Aji Matthew, Jan Hau Lee and Yoke Hwee Chan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:486
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Many patients with tuberculosis (TB) are seropositive for human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8), and many patients with primary effusion lymphoma have high levels of HHV-8 DNA in their effusions. However, the statu...

    Authors: Shih-Ming Tsao, Chun-Liang Lai, Ming-Nan Lin, Jen-Pi Tsai and Cheng-Chuan Su
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:489
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The aim of the study was to determine clinical and microbiological differences between patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) catheter-related bacteraemia (CRB) undergoing or not undergo...

    Authors: Guillermo Cuervo, Mariana Camoez, Evelyn Shaw, María Ángeles Dominguez, Oriol Gasch, Belén Padilla, Vicente Pintado, Benito Almirante, José Molina, Francisco López-Medrano, Enrique Ruiz de Gopegui, José A. Martinez, Elena Bereciartua, Fernando Rodriguez-Lopez, Carlos Fernandez-Mazarrasa, Miguel Ángel Goenaga…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:484
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects up to 7 % of the European population. Specific HBV genotypes are associated with rapid progression to end-stage liver disease and sub-optimal interferon treatm...

    Authors: Cédric Hirzel, Gilles Wandeler, Marta Owczarek, Meri Gorgievski-Hrisoho, Jean-Francois Dufour, Nasser Semmo and Samuel Zürcher
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:483
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. The objective of this study is to evaluate rates of all-cause pneumonia among “at-risk” and “high-risk” children and adults in Germany—in comparison with age-stratified healthy counterparts—during the period f...

    Authors: Stephen I. Pelton, Kimberly M. Shea, Raymond A. Farkouh, David R. Strutton, Sebastian Braun, Christian Jacob, Rogier Klok, Elana S. Gruen and Derek Weycker
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:470
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of microbial disease in humans. The introduction of multivalent vaccines has coincided with a dramatic decrease in the number of pneumococcal-related deaths. In spit...

    Authors: Eoin Clancy, Owen Higgins, Matthew S. Forrest, Teck Wee Boo, Martin Cormican, Thomas Barry, Olaf Piepenburg and Terry J. Smith
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:481
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Antimicrobial decision making in intensive care units (ICUs) is challenging. Unnecessary antimicrobials contribute to the development of resistant pathogens, Clostridium difficile infection and drug related adver...

    Authors: Linda R. Taggart, Elizabeth Leung, Matthew P. Muller, Larissa M. Matukas and Nick Daneman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:480
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most recently discovered of the hepatotropic viruses, and is considered an emerging pathogen in developed countries with the possibility of fulminant hepatitis in immunocompromis...

    Authors: Detlev Schultze, Bernhard Mani, Günter Dollenmaier, Roland Sahli, Andrea Zbinden and Pierre Alexandre Krayenbühl
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:474
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  41. The detection of HIV-1 p24 antigen in diagnostic tests relies on antibodies binding to conserved areas of the protein to cover the full range of HIV-1 subtypes. Using a panel of 43 different virus-like particl...

    Authors: Beatrice N. Vetter, Vanessa Orlowski, Christoph Niederhauser, Louise Walter and Jörg Schüpbach
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:468
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. The prison management in Malaysia is proactively seeking to improve the health status of the prison inmates. Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are widely distributed throughout the world and are still gai...

    Authors: Lorainne Angal, Rohela Mahmud, Sajideh Samin, Nan-Jiun Yap, Romano Ngui, Amirah Amir, Init Ithoi, Adeeba Kamarulzaman and Yvonne AL Lim
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:467
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Food insecurity is an important barrier to retention in care and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV infection (PLHIV). However, there is a lack of rigorous evidence about ho...

    Authors: Sandra I. McCoy, Prosper F. Njau, Nancy L. Czaicki, Suneetha Kadiyala, Nicholas P. Jewell, William H. Dow and Nancy S. Padian
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:490
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  44. Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) remain among of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality among children. Several studies have associated vitamin D deficiency with an increased risk of RTIs, and...

    Authors: Susanna Esposito and Mara Lelii
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:487
    Content type: Review Published on:

  45. Syphilis remains a global public health threat and can lead to severe complications. In addition to resolution of clinical manifestations, a reduction in nontreponemal antibody titers after treatment is regard...

    Authors: Arlene C. Seña, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Trudy Li, He-Ping Zheng, Bin Yang, Li-Gang Yang, Juan C. Salazar, Myron S. Cohen, M. Anthony Moody, Justin D. Radolf and Joseph D. Tucker
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:479
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Multidrug resistant-tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a threat to global tuberculosis control which is worsened by human immune-deficiency virus (HIV) co-infection. There is however paucity of data on the effects of an...

    Authors: Teye Umanah, Jabulani Ncayiyana, Xavier Padanilam and Peter S. Nyasulu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:478
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Acute inflammatory reactions are a frequently occurring, tissue destructing phenomenon in infectious- as well as autoimmune diseases, providing clinical challenges for early diagnosis. In leprosy, an infectiou...

    Authors: Saraswoti Khadge, Sayera Banu, Kidist Bobosha, Jolien J. van der Ploeg-van Schip, Isabela M. Goulart, Pratibha Thapa, Chhatra B. Kunwar, Krista E. van Meijgaarden, Susan J.F. van den Eeden, Louis Wilson, Senjuti Kabir, Hymonti Dey, Luiz R. Goulart, Janaina Lobato, Washington Carvalho, Yonas Bekele…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:477
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Intraocular tuberculosis is uncommon and has various clinical presentations. Lack of specific clinical clues can make the diagnosis challenging. The purpose of this study is to report a clinical presentation o...

    Authors: Sunee Chansangpetch, Anita Manassakorn, Prasart Laksanaphuk and Usanee Reinprayoon
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:476
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  49. Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and other enteric bacteria producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) have emerged as an important cause of invasive infection. Targeting the primary (intestinal) niche b...

    Authors: Siegbert Rieg, M. Fabian Küpper, Katja de With, Annerose Serr, Jürgen A. Bohnert and Winfried V. Kern
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:475
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) are a worldwide problem. International migration and travel facilitate the spread of MDRO. Therefore the goal of our study was to assess the risk of influx of MDRO from pat...

    Authors: Nico T. Mutters, Frank Günther, Anja Sander, Alexander Mischnik and Uwe Frank
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:466
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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