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  1. Healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is a major public health problem. As a form of prevention and control, preparations of chlorhexidine are used extensively; however, the reduction of susceptibility to chlo...

    Authors: Bruna Costa Moura do Vale, Acácia Gentil Nogueira, Thiago André Cidral, Maria Carolina Soares Lopes and Maria Celeste Nunes de Melo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:199
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Chikungunya is an arthropod-borne viral disease now identified in over 60 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has spread in the last 15 years to many countries, causi...

    Authors: Femke W. Overbosch, Floor Elfrink, Janke Schinkel and Gerard J. B. Sonder
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:196
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Patients with pneumonia who are elderly or severely ill are at a particularly high risk of mortality. This post hoc retrospective analysis of data from two Phase III studies evaluated early improvement outcome...

    Authors: Thomas W. L. Scheeren, Tobias Welte, Mikael Saulay, Marc Engelhardt, Anne Santerre-Henriksen and Kamal Hamed
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:195
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. HIV-load decrease and suppression over time is associated with consistent adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Our study aimed to evaluate the difference in viral load and adherence of patients treated w...

    Authors: Bih Hycenta Chendi, Marie Claire Okomo Assoumou, Graeme Brendon Jacobs, Elsie Laban Yekwa, Emilia Lyonga, Martha Mesembe, Agnes Eyoh and George Mondinde Ikomey
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:194
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis of group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis recommend the use of a rapid antigen detection test (RADT) and/or bacterial culture. This study evaluated the overall diagnosis ...

    Authors: Robert Luo, Joanna Sickler, Farnaz Vahidnia, Yuan-Chi Lee, Bianca Frogner and Matthew Thompson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:193
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is estimated to be the most common sexually transmitted infection. The present systematic review summarizes data regarding the prevalence of HPV and the distribution of sub...

    Authors: Anargyros Skoulakis, Serafim Fountas, Myrto Mantzana-Peteinelli, Kleoniki Pantelidi and Efthymia Petinaki
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:192
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Salmonella is a notorious pathogen that causes gastroenteritis in humans and the emergence of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and azithromycin have raised concern. There has been rare case of Salmon...

    Authors: Hye-Ran Park, Dong-Min Kim, Na-Ra Yun and Choon-Mee Kim
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:191
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  9. Parasitic infections, particularly those caused by protozoa, represent a considerable public health problem in developing countries. Blastocystis, Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp. and the Entamoeba comple...

    Authors: Ximena Villamizar, Adriana Higuera, Giovanny Herrera, Luis Reinel Vasquez-A, Lorena Buitron, Lina Maria Muñoz, Fabiola E. Gonzalez-C, Myriam Consuelo Lopez, Julio Cesar Giraldo and Juan David Ramírez
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:190
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can progress to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease in a substantial proportion of patients. The infection is frequently asymptomatic, leaving many infected individu...

    Authors: H. Kileng, T. Gutteberg, R. Goll and E. J. Paulssen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:189
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Delayed vaccination increases the time infants are at risk for acquiring vaccine-preventable diseases. Factors associated with incomplete vaccination are relatively well characterized in resource-limited setti...

    Authors: Pranay Nadella, Emily R. Smith, Alfa Muhihi, Ramadhani A. Noor, Honorati Masanja, Wafaie W. Fawzi and Christopher R. Sudfeld
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:188
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported that they have provided the wrong caption.

    Authors: Titus F. Msoka, Gary P. Van Guilder, Yvo M. Smulders, Marceline van Furth, John A. Bartlett and Michiel A. van Agtmael
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:187
    Content type: Correction Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:708

  13. The direct effectiveness of infant rotavirus vaccination implemented in 2006 in the United States has been evaluated extensively, however, understanding of population-level vaccine effectiveness (VE) is still ...

    Authors: Julia M. Baker, Rebecca M. Dahl, Justin Cubilo, Umesh D. Parashar and Benjamin A. Lopman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:186
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Guangdong Province is one of the most developed and populous provinces in southern China, with frequent foreign exchanges and large transient population. The annual number of cases of HIV/AIDS reported in Guan...

    Authors: Ping-Ping Zhou, Guolong Yu, Yi-Qun Kuang, Xu-He Huang, Yan Li, Xiaobing Fu, Peng Lin, Jin Yan and Xiang He
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:185
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Mucormycosis is a group of rare but life threatening angioinvasive infections caused by fungi of the order Mucorales that often occurs in immunocompromised patients and individuals with poorly controlled diabetes...

    Authors: Farheen Manji, John C. Lam, Bonnie L. Meatherall, Deirdre Church and Bayan Missaghi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:184
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  16. Osteomyelitis is often challenging to treat. This analysis examined the clinical experience of patients with gram-positive osteomyelitis treated with ceftaroline fosamil in the phase 4 Clinical Assessment Prog...

    Authors: Leonard B. Johnson, Ananthakrishnan Ramani and David J. Guervil
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:183
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Taenia solium taeniosis/cysticercosis is a public health and agricultural problem, especially in low-income countries, and has been ranked the top foodborne parasitic hazard globally. In 2012, the World Health Or...

    Authors: Uffe Christian Braae, Sarah Gabriël, Chiara Trevisan, Lian F. Thomas, Pascal Magnussen, Bernadette Abela-Ridder, Helena Ngowi and Maria Vang Johansen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:182
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  18. Detecting the onset of influenza epidemic is important for epidemiological surveillance and for investigating the factors driving spatiotemporal transmission patterns. Most approaches define the epidemic onset...

    Authors: Jun Cai, Bing Zhang, Bo Xu, Karen Kie Yan Chan, Gerardo Chowell, Huaiyu Tian and Bing Xu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:181
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. In spite of an alarmingly high tuberculosis (TB) burden amongst the Saharia tribe of central India, there is hardly any study to investigate the impact of DOTS implementation on the magnitude of tuberculosis d...

    Authors: V. G. Rao, J. Bhat, R. Yadav, R. K. Sharma and M. Muniyandi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:180
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality resulting in septicaemia, bacteraemia and meningitis. Long term problems in children range from los...

    Authors: Munyaradzi Mukesi, Benson C. Iweriebor, Larry C. Obi, Uchechukwu U. Nwodo, Sylvester R. Moyo and Anthony I. Okoh
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:179
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. In January 2011, there was an outbreak of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-positive methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (PVL-MSSA) infection in a neonatal unit (NNU).

    Authors: G. Gopal Rao, R. Batura, R. Nicholl, F. Coogan, B. Patel, P. Bassett and A. M. Kearns
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:178
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. The emergence of norovirus genotype GII.4 variants has been associated with gastroenteritis pandemics worldwide, prompting molecular surveillance for early detection of novel strains. In this study, we aimed t...

    Authors: Maria E. Hasing, Bonita E. Lee, Yuanyuan Qiu, Ming Xia, Kanti Pabbaraju, Anita Wong, Graham Tipples, Xi Jiang and Xiaoli L. Pang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:177
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Melioidosis is a life-threatening infectious disease that is caused by gram negative bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei. This bacteria occurs as an environmental saprophyte typically in endemic regions of south-e...

    Authors: Neha Shrestha, Mahesh Adhikari, Vivek Pant, Suman Baral, Anjan Shrestha, Buddha Basnyat, Sangita Sharma and Jeevan Bahadur Sherchand
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:176
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  24. Solithromycin, the fourth generation of ketolides, has been demonstrated potent antibacterial effect against commonly-isolated gram-positive strains. However, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains with a high...

    Authors: Weiming Yao, Guangjian Xu, Duoyun Li, Bing Bai, Hongyan Wang, Hang Cheng, Jinxin Zheng, Xiang Sun, Zhiwei Lin, Qiwen Deng and Zhijian Yu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:175
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is emerging in Asian 3 countries, China, Japan and Korea, which are scrub typhus endemic areas, and its incidence is increasing. As the two infections overlap...

    Authors: Sang-Won Park, Chang-Seop Lee, Jeong-Han Kim, In-Gyu Bae, Chisook Moon, Yee Gyung Kwak, Baek-Nam Kim, Jae Hoon Lee, Seong Yeol Ryu, Hee-Chang Jang, Jian Hur, Jae-Bum Jun, Younghee Jung, Hyun-Ha Chang, Young Keun Kim, Jeong-Hwan Hwang…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:174
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. A novel method, termed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), was developed by Notomi et al. (2000). Individually published results have been reported that this technology has been successfully applied...

    Authors: Zi-Hong Cai, Yuan-Yuan Dai, Lin-Yan Huang, Wen-Sheng Zhang and Xu-Guang Guo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:173
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. In the event of a shigellosis outbreak in a childcare setting, exclusion policies are typically applied to afflicted children to limit shigellosis transmission. However, there is scarce evidence of their impact.

    Authors: Cristina Carias, Eduardo A. Undurraga, Jacqueline Hurd, Emily B. Kahn, Martin I. Meltzer and Anna Bowen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:172
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Community- associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) cause serious infections and rates continue to rise worldwide. Use of geocoded electronic health record (EHR) data to prevent spread of ...

    Authors: Lilly Cheng Immergluck, Traci Leong, Khusdeep Malhotra, Trisha Chan Parker, Fatima Ali, Robert C. Jerris and George S. Rust
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:170
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:396

  31. The etiology and epidemiology of acute otitis media (AOM) are poorly understood in China. This study aimed to describe the etiology of AOM and the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of AOM-causing Streptoco...

    Authors: Jinjian Fu, Ling Li, Zhuoxin Liang, Shaolin Xu, Nan Lin, Peixu Qin, Xiaohua Ye and Eric McGrath
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:168
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. To evaluate the in vitro activities of plazomicin and comparator aminoglycosides and elucidate the underlying aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms among carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae isolates collected du...

    Authors: Irene Galani, Konstantina Nafplioti, Panagiota Adamou, Ilias Karaiskos, Helen Giamarellou and Maria Souli
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:167
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:230

  33. Helicobacter cinaedi is a microaerobic Gram-negative spiral-shaped bacterium that causes enteritis, cellulitis, and bacteremia in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. While there have been increas...

    Authors: Tomohiro Takehara, Tetsuo Tani, Ken Yajima, Mako Watanabe, Yoshihito Otsuka and Hidefumi Koh
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:166
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  34. Prevalence of schistosomiasis is high among children under five years in Uganda. Schistosomiasis control efforts over time have included periodic mass treatments in endemic areas for adults and school going ch...

    Authors: Simon Peter Sebina Kibira, John C. Ssempebwa, Ronald Ssenyonga, Scott Radloff and Fredrick Edward Makumbi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:165
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), establishes life-long latency and can cause symptoms during both first-time infection and later reactivation. The aim of the present study was to describe a protocol to gene...

    Authors: Jan Olsson, Jörgen Johansson, Emma Honkala, Bert Blomqvist, Eloise Kok, Bodil Weidung, Hugo Lövheim and Fredrik Elgh
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:164
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  36. Bacterial resistance to first line antibiotics used to treat community-onset urinary tract infections (UTIs) continues to emerge. We sought to determine the association between extended-spectrum cephalosporin ...

    Authors: Judith A. Anesi, Ebbing Lautenbach, Irving Nachamkin, Charles Garrigan, Warren B. Bilker, Jacqueline Omorogbe, Lois Dankwa, Mary Wheeler, Pam Tolomeo and Jennifer H. Han
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:163
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccine uptake in the older population aged 65 years or over of Hong Kong dramatically increased since the 2003 SARS outbreak. This study is aimed to evaluate the impact of increased...

    Authors: Lin Yang, King Pan Chan, Chit Ming Wong, Susan Shui Seng Chiu, Ricardo J. Soares Magalhaes, Thuan Quoc Thach, Joseph Syrial Malik Peiris, Archie C. A. Clements and Wenbiao Hu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:162
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. A reduction in duration of antibiotic therapy is crucial in minimizing the development of antimicrobial resistance, drug-related side effects and health care costs. The minimal effective duration of antimicrob...

    Authors: Janneke Evelyne Stalenhoef, Cees van Nieuwkoop, Darius Cameron Wilson, Willize Elizabeth van der Starre, Tanny J. K. van der Reijden, Nathalie Manon Delfos, Eliane Madeleine Sophie Leyten, Ted Koster, Hans Christiaan Ablij, Johannes (Jan) Willem van ‘t Wout and Jaap Tamino van Dissel
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:161
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. To improve national influenza vaccination recommendations, additional data on influenza A and B virus circulation are needed. Here, we describe the circulation of influenza A and B in the Czech Republic during...

    Authors: Martina Havlickova, Sophie Druelles, Helena Jirincova, Radomira Limberkova, Alexander Nagy, Anvar Rasuli and Jan Kyncl
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:160
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Egypt ranks fifth for the burden of viral hepatitis worldwide. As part of Egypt’s renewed national strategy for the elimination of viral hepatitis, surveillance for acute viral hepatitis (AVH) was re-establish...

    Authors: Maha Talaat, Salma Afifi, Erik J. Reaves, Hanaa Abu Elsood, Amany El-Gohary, Samir Refaey, Radi Hammad, Mostafa Abdel Fadeel and Amr Kandeel
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:159
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Clinical characteristics (taxonomy, virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance ) of Aeromonas in isolated from extra-intestinal and intestinal infections were investigated to describe epidemiology, associated v...

    Authors: Yanyan Zhou, Li Yu, Zheng Nan, Pingping Zhang, Biao Kan, Donghui Yan and Jianrong Su
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:158
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with several extragastric conditions including dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to investigate additional metabolic parameters associated with H. p...

    Authors: Miao-Miao Zhao, Jeremy Krebs, Xi Cao, Jing Cui, Dong-Ning Chen, Yu Li, Lin Hua, Jim Mann and Jin-Kui Yang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:157
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains prevalent in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). The prevalence of HAND in Hong Kong is not known.

    Authors: Fiona C.C. Chan, Phillip Chan, Iris Chan, Andrew Chan, Tommy H. C. Tang, Wilson Lam, W. C. Fong, M. P. Lee, Patrick Li and Germaine H. F. Chan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:156
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) is common and a majority of patients are prescribed antibiotics. There is little knowledge about antibiotic resistance in urine samples from patients with uUTI in p...

    Authors: Helena Kornfält Isberg, Eva Melander, Katarina Hedin, Sigvard Mölstad and Anders Beckman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:155
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. TB outbreaks in educational institutions can result in significant transmission and pose a considerable threat to TB control. Investigation using traditional microbiological and epidemiological tools can lead ...

    Authors: Simon Packer, Claire Green, Ellen Brooks-Pollock, Katerina Chaintarli, Sarah Harrison and Charles R. Beck
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:154
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. The potential effect of the inactivated hantavirus vaccine (IHV) remains controversial; however, it appears to be moderately effective for patients at high risk of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)....

    Authors: Yohan Park
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:153
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Vitamin D levels are associated with the extent of mycobactericidal activity. Interleukin (IL)-15 and IL-32 play roles in the vitamin D-mediated tuberculosis (TB) defense mechanism. Vitamin D induces IL-1β, wh...

    Authors: Yoonki Hong, Youngmi Kim, Jae Jun Lee, Myung Goo Lee, Chang Youl Lee, Youlim Kim, Jeongwon Heo, Seon-Sook Han, Seung-Joon Lee, Woo Jin Kim and Ji Young Hong
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:151
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Interleukin-6 (IL-6) could be a faster indicator of treatment success in adults with severe sepsis and septic shock compared to procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive ...

    Authors: Lorenz Weidhase, Daniel Wellhöfer, Gero Schulze, Thorsten Kaiser, Tim Drogies, Ulrike Wurst and Sirak Petros
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:150
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. The relationship between chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the association between maternal HBsAg-positive status ...

    Authors: Songxu Peng, Zhihua Wan, Xiaofang Lin, Xiu Li and Yukai Du
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:147
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Loiasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease due to Loa loa and transmitted to humans by tabanids of the genus Chrysops. Loiasis has been historically considered as the second or third most common reason for medic...

    Authors: Aude E. Mogoung-Wafo, Hugues C. Nana-Djeunga, André Domche, Floribert Fossuo-Thotchum, Jean Bopda, Steve Mbickmen-Tchana, Honoré Djomo-Kamga and Joseph Kamgno
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:146
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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