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  1. The 2009 pandemic influenza was milder than expected. Based on the apparent lack of pre-existing cross-protective antibodies to the A (H1N1)pdm09 strain, it was hypothesized that pre-existing CD4+ T cellular i...

    Authors: Venkata R Duvvuri, Bhargavi Duvvuri, Veronica Jamnik, Jonathan B Gubbay, Jianhong Wu and Gillian E Wu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:204
  2. Metabolic abnormalities are common in HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART), but the biochemical details and underlying mechanisms of these disorders have not been defined.

    Authors: Edana Cassol, Vikas Misra, Alexander Holman, Anupa Kamat, Susan Morgello and Dana Gabuzda
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:203
  3. In France, 1/3 HIV-infected patients is diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease. We describe missed opportunities for earlier HIV testing in newly-HIV-diagnosed patients.

    Authors: Karen Champenois, Anthony Cousien, Lise Cuzin, Stéphane Le Vu, Sylvie Deuffic-Burban, Emilie Lanoy, Karine Lacombe, Olivier Patey, Pascal Béchu, Marcel Calvez, Caroline Semaille and Yazdan Yazdanpanah
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:200
  4. Commensal Escherichia coli are a prominent reservoir of genes coding for antibiotic resistance and also responsible for endogenous infections in pregnant women. We studied the factors in pregnant women associated...

    Authors: Ashish Pathak, Salesh P Chandran, Kalpana Mahadik, Ragini Macaden and Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:199
  5. The present study sought to investigate the association between HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DRB1 genes and susceptibility or resistance to the different clinical manifestations of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (AC...

    Authors: Rejane C Ribas-Silva, Adriana D Ribas, Maria CG dos Santos, Waldir V da Silva, Maria VC Lonardoni, Sueli D Borelli and Thaís GV Silveira
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:198
  6. Little is known about the clinical presentation and outcome of pneumococcal lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) without positive chest X-ray findings and blood cultures. We investigated the prognostic imp...

    Authors: Marlene Skovgaard, Henrik C Schønheyder, Thomas Benfield, Rikke B Nielsen, Jenny D Knudsen, Jette Bangsborg, Christian Østergaard, Hans-Christian Slotved, Helle Bossen Konradsen, Lotte Lambertsen and Reimar W Thomsen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:197
  7. The present study was performed to assess the prognosis of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for community acquired pneumonia (CAP) after implementation of new processes of care.

    Authors: Hugues Georges, Cécile Journaux, Patrick Devos, Serge Alfandari, Pierre Yves Delannoy, Agnès Meybeck, Arnaud Chiche, Nicolas Boussekey and Olivier Leroy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:196
  8. Cervicitis is a syndrome of cervical inflammation and a common condition in female sex workers (FSW), a subpopulation vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections. Local data is essential for guiding syndromi...

    Authors: Simon Pollett, Martha Calderon, Kristen Heitzinger, Vicky Solari, Silvia M Montano and Joseph Zunt
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:195
  9. An association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and tuberculosis (TB) has been described, mainly due to smoking and corticosteroid use. Whether inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy is assoc...

    Authors: Chih-Hsin Lee, Ming-Chia Lee, Chin-Chung Shu, Chor-Shen Lim, Jann-Yuan Wang, Li-Na Lee and Kun-Mao Chao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:194
  10. Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common in clinical practice and empirical treatment is largely employed due to predictability of pathogens. However, variations in antibiotic sensitivity patterns do occur, a...

    Authors: Charles O Odongo, Denis A Anywar, Kenneth Luryamamoi and Pancras Odongo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:193
  11. This study aimed to investigate the level of awareness of and factors associated with major infectious diseases in rural China and to provide the most recent baseline data for the prevention and control of the...

    Authors: He Liu, Mei Li, Mingjuan Jin, Fangyuan Jing, Hui Wang and Kun Chen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:192
  12. The Taiwan area comprises the main island of Taiwan and several small islands located off the coast of the Southern China. The eastern two-thirds of Taiwan are characterized by rugged mountains covered with tr...

    Authors: Pui-Jen Tsai and Hsi-Chyi Yeh
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:191
  13. SPRINT-2 demonstrated that boceprevir (BOC), an oral hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural 3 (NS3) protease inhibitor, added to peginterferon alfa-2b (P) and ribavirin (R) significantly increased sustained vir...

    Authors: Shannon Allen Ferrante, Jagpreet Chhatwal, Clifford A Brass, Antoine C El Khoury, Fred Poordad, Jean-Pierre Bronowicki and Elamin H Elbasha
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:190
  14. Lactobacillus jensenii, L. iners, L. crispatus and L. gasseri are the most frequently occurring lactobacilli in the vagina. However, the native species vary widely according to the studied population. The presen...

    Authors: Marcos Daniel Martínez-Peña, Graciela Castro-Escarpulli and Ma Guadalupe Aguilera-Arreola
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:189
  15. For almost two decades, chlamydia and gonorrhoea diagnosis rates in remote Indigenous communities have been up to 30 times higher than for non-Indigenous Australians. The high levels of population movement kno...

    Authors: Ben B Hui, Richard T Gray, David P Wilson, James S Ward, Anthony M A Smith, David J Philip, Matthew G Law, Jane S Hocking and David G Regan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:188

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:86

  16. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase–producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) are a growing concern in hospitals and the community. How to control the nosocomial ESBL-E transmission is a matter of debate. Contact iso...

    Authors: Matthieu Domenech de Cellès, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Véronique Abadie and Didier Guillemot
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:187
  17. Cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) infections seem to be associated with the onset of actinic keratosis (AK). This study compares the presence of cutaneous HPV types in eyebrow hairs to those in tissues of n...

    Authors: Ines Schneider, Mandy D Lehmann, Vlada Kogosov, Eggert Stockfleth and Ingo Nindl
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:186
  18. The integration of empirical data in computational frameworks designed to model the spread of infectious diseases poses a number of challenges that are becoming more pressing with the increasing availability o...

    Authors: Anna Machens, Francesco Gesualdo, Caterina Rizzo, Alberto E Tozzi, Alain Barrat and Ciro Cattuto
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:185
  19. Countries aiming for malaria elimination need to define their malariogenic potential, of which measures of both receptive and current transmission are major components. As Namibia pursues malaria elimination, ...

    Authors: Abdisalan M Noor, Petrina Uusiku, Richard N Kamwi, Stark Katokele, Benson Ntomwa, Victor A Alegana and Robert W Snow
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:184
  20. Deep neck infections (DNIs) in HIV-infected patients often produce severe complications, even death. Data on the incidence rates and risks of DNI among HIV-infected patients are scarce, particularly with the w...

    Authors: Ching-Feng Liu, Shih-Feng Weng, Yung-Song Lin, Chih-Sheng Lin, Ching-Feng Lien and Jhi-Joung Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:183
  21. The present study was designed to investigate whether teicoplanin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates play a role in the prognosis of patient wi...

    Authors: Jann-Tay Wang, Hau-Shin Wu, Chia-Min Weng, Le-Yin Hsu and Fu-Der Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:182
  22. Treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is improving but not benefiting individuals unaware to be infected. To inform screening policies we assessed (1) the hepatiti...

    Authors: Susan JM Hahné, Irene K Veldhuijzen, Lucas Wiessing, Tek-Ang Lim, Mika Salminen and Marita van de Laar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:181
  23. Day-care centre (DCC) attendees play a central role in maintaining the circulation of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) in the population. The prevalence of pneumococcal carriage is highest in DCC attendees...

    Authors: Delphine Pessoa, Fabian Hoti, Ritva Syrjänen, Raquel Sá-Leão, Tarja Kaijalainen, M Gabriela M Gomes and Kari Auranen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:180
  24. Dengue is a common illness in the tropics. Equally common are neurological complications that stem from dengue infection. However, to date, parkinsonism following dengue has not been reported in medical litera...

    Authors: Shahrul Azmin, Ramesh Sahathevan, Zainudin Suehazlyn, Zhe Kang Law, Remli Rabani, Wan Yahya Nafisah, Hui Jan Tan and Mohamed Ibrahim Norlinah
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:179
  25. Unnecessary long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics is linked to the emergence and selection of resistant bacteria, prolonged hospitalisation and increased costs. Several clinical trials indicate that the ...

    Authors: Evelien Assink-de Jong, Dylan W de Lange, Jos A van Oers, Maarten W Nijsten, Jos W Twisk and Albertus Beishuizen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:178
  26. The activity of airborne disinfectants on bacteria, fungi and spores has been reported. However, the issue of the virucidal effect of disinfectants spread by fogging has not been studied thoroughly.

    Authors: Thomas Thevenin, Pierre-Emmanuel Lobert and Didier Hober
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:177
  27. Confirmed H1N1 cases during late spring and summer 2009 in various countries showed a substantial age shift between importations and local transmission cases, with adults mainly responsible for seeding unaffec...

    Authors: Andrea Apolloni, Chiara Poletto and Vittoria Colizza
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:176
  28. This study aimed to assess the costs and clinical benefits of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) administered annually to the 65-year-old cohort in Spain versus the alternative of not vaccina...

    Authors: Roberto Pradas, Angel Gil de Miguel, Alejandro Álvaro, Ruth Gil-Prieto, Reyes Lorente, Cristina Méndez, Pablo Guijarro and Fernando Antoñanzas
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:175
  29. The human APOBEC3G (A3G) protein activity is associated with innate immunity against HIV-1 by inducing high rates of guanosines to adenosines (G-to-A) mutations (viz., hypermutation) in the viral DNA. If hypermut...

    Authors: Maria Clara Bizinoto, Shiori Yabe, Élcio Leal, Hirohisa Kishino, Leonardo de Oliveira Martins, Mariana Leão de Lima, Edsel Renata Morais, Ricardo Sobhie Diaz and Luiz Mário Janini
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:173
  30. Diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in adults and adolescents is hampered by a lack of rapid and standardized tests for detection.

    Authors: Jiuxin Qu, Li Gu, Jiang Wu, Jianping Dong, Zenghui Pu, Yan Gao, Ming Hu, Yongxiang Zhang, Feng Gao, Bin Cao and Chen Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:172
  31. Epidemiologic studies of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) depend upon accurate case identification. Our objective was to evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV) of electronic medical record data fo...

    Authors: Pamela J Levine, Miriam R Elman, Ravina Kullar, John M Townes, David T Bearden, Rowena Vilches-Tran, Ian McClellan and Jessina C McGregor
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:171
  32. Herpes zoster (HZ) is caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and mainly affects individuals aged ≥50 years. The forthcoming European launch of a vaccine against HZ (Zostavax®) prompts the n...

    Authors: Sybil Pinchinat, Ana M Cebrián-Cuenca, Hélène Bricout and Robert W Johnson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:170
  33. In 1872, in British Medical Journal (BMJ) Dr. David Ferrier published that Sarcina ventriculi (Goodsir) constantly occurred in the blood of man and the lower animals. His observation was based on bleeding experim...

    Authors: Tamara Tuuminen, Päivi Suomala and Sakari Vuorinen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:169
  34. Tuberculosis (TB) is still a great challenge to public health in sub-Saharan Africa. Most transmissions occur between the onset of coughing and initiation of treatment. Delay in diagnosis is significant to dis...

    Authors: Luigi Segagni Lusignani, Gianluca Quaglio, Andrea Atzori, Joseph Nsuka, Ross Grainger, Maria Da Conceiçao Palma, Giovanni Putoto and Fabio Manenti
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:168
  35. Prevalence of bacteremia caused by non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) has been increasing over the past decade. Although many studies have already investigated epidemiology of NFGNB bacteremia, mo...

    Authors: Pinyo Rattanaumpawan, Prapassorn Ussavasodhi, Pattarachai Kiratisin and Nalinee Aswapokee
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:167
  36. Early identification of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections (BSIs) decreases morbidity and mortality, particularly in immunocompromised patients. The aim of the present study was t...

    Authors: Liana Carballo Menezes, Talita Trevizani Rocchetti, Karen de Castro Bauab, Paola Cappellano, Milene Gonçalves Quiles, Fabianne Carlesse, Jose Salvador Rodrigues de Oliveira and Antonio Carlos Campos Pignatari
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:166
  37. Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is endemic to Southeast Asia and northern Australia. Clinical manifestations of disease are diverse, ranging from chronic infection to acute septica...

    Authors: Yuka Hara, Chui-Yoke Chin, Rahmah Mohamed, Savithri D Puthucheary and Sheila Nathan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:165
  38. Despite the serious consequences of rubella infection during early pregnancy, very little is known about the rubella seroprevalence in a number of African countries including Burkina Faso.

    Authors: Marc C Tahita, Judith M Hübschen, Zekiba Tarnagda, Da Ernest, Emilie Charpentier, Jacques R Kremer, Claude P Muller and Jean B Ouedraogo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:164
  39. In 2003, nosocomial infections caused by vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) occurred rarely in Taiwan. Between 2003 and 2010, however, the average prevalence of vancomycin resistance among enterococci spp....

    Authors: Sai-Cheong Lee, Mi-Si Wu, Hsiang-Ju Shih, Shu-Huan Huang, Meng-Jiun Chiou, Lai-Chu See and Liang-Kee Siu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:163
  40. In recent years, Nocardia farcinica has been reported to be an increasingly frequent cause of localized and disseminated infections in the immunocompromised patient. However, recent literature is limited. We repo...

    Authors: Pasquale De Nardo, Maria Letizia Giancola, Salvatore Noto, Elisa Gentilotti, Piero Ghirga, Chiara Tommasi, Rita Bellagamba, Maria Grazia Paglia, Emanuele Nicastri, Andrea Antinori and Angela Corpolongo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:162
  41. Reservoirs created by damming rivers are often believed to increase malaria incidence risk and/or stretch the period of malaria transmission. In this paper, we report the effects of a mega hydropower dam on P. fa...

    Authors: Delenasaw Yewhalaw, Yehenew Getachew, Kora Tushune, Kifle W/Michael, Wondwossen Kassahun, Luc Duchateau and Niko Speybroeck
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:161
  42. Cefepime is a fourth generation cephalosporin antimicrobial. Its extended antimicrobial activity and infrequent tendency to engender resistance make it popular for the treatment of infections. However, proper ...

    Authors: Shi Qingping, Ding Feng, Sang Ran, Liu Yan, Yuan HaoYu and Yu Meiling
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:160
  43. Nosocomial infection diagnosis in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains a challenge. We compared routine measurements of procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC) and temperat...

    Authors: Laurent Robriquet, Caroline Séjourné, Eric Kipnis, Michele D’herbomez and François Fourrier
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:159
  44. The editors of BMC Infectious Diseases would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 12 (2012).

    Authors: Philippa K Harris
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:50
  45. Procalcitonin (PCT)-protocols to guide antibiotic treatment in severe infections are known to be effective. But less is known about the long-term effects of such protocols on antibiotic consumption under real ...

    Authors: Andreas Hohn, Stefan Schroeder, Anna Gehrt, Kathrin Bernhardt, Berthold Bein, Karl Wegscheider and Marcel Hochreiter
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:158
  46. Enterococci normally inhabit the intestinal tract of humans and are also a potential pathogen in causing nosocomial infections. The increase in antibiotic resistance and transfer of antibiotic resistance gene to

    Authors: Muhammad Arfat Yameen, Saira Iram, Abdul Mannan, Shujaat Ali Khan and Naeem Akhtar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:156
  47. Abscesses involving the inguinal region as manifestations of complex soft-tissue infections are rare, and the infectious route is usually unclear. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the importance of i...

    Authors: Wei-Hsiu Hsu, Ching-Yu Lee, Li-Ju Lai, Tsung-Yu Huang and Kuo-Ti Peng
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:155
  48. Optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is necessary for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). There have been relatively few systematic analyses of factors that promote or inhibit adherence to antire...

    Authors: Hoa M Do, Michael P Dunne, Masaya Kato, Cuong V Pham and Kinh V Nguyen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:154
  49. Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a disseminated protozoan infection caused by Leishmania donovani parasites which affects almost half a million persons annually. Most of these are from the Indian sub-continent, Eas...

    Authors: Ibrahim Abbasi, Samar Aramin, Asrat Hailu, Welelta Shiferaw, Aysheshm Kassahun, Shewaye Belay, Charles Jaffe and Alon Warburg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:153

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