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  1. Data to date is far from sufficient to describe the recent epidemiology of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in mainland China. This study aimed to estimate the overall incidence of VAP, with a special foc...

    Authors: Chengyi Ding, Yuelun Zhang, Zhirong Yang, Jing Wang, Aoming Jin, Weiwei Wang, Ru Chen and Siyan Zhan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:468
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. In West Africa where HIV-1 and HIV-2 co-circulate, the co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) is not well described. This study aimed at estimating the prevalence of HBV and ...

    Authors: Patrick A. Coffie, Boris K. Tchounga, Guillaume Bado, Mathieu Kabran, Daouda K. Minta, Gilles Wandeler, Geoffrey S. Gottlieb, François Dabis, Serge P. Eholie and Didier K. Ekouevi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:466
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Neonatal bloodstream infection (BSI) is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Although most neonatal BSIs are primary bacteremia, some are associated w...

    Authors: I-Hsyuan Wu, Ming-Horng Tsai, Mei-Yin Lai, Lee-Fen Hsu, Ming-Chou Chiang, Reyin Lien, Ren-Huei Fu, Hsuan-Rong Huang, Shih-Ming Chu and Jen-Fu Hsu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:465
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. There are substantial differences between the costs of medical masks and N95 respirators. Cost-effectiveness analysis is required to assist decision-makers evaluating alternative healthcare worker (HCW) mask/r...

    Authors: Shohini Mukerji, C. Raina MacIntyre, Holly Seale, Quanyi Wang, Peng Yang, Xiaoli Wang and Anthony T. Newall
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:464
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Cryptococcal infection has become a public health challenge globally. However, information about cryptococcal infection in patients with hematological diseases remains relatively rare.

    Authors: Rui-ying Wang, Yan-qiong Chen, Ji-qin Wu, Xuan Wang, Ya-hui Cao, Hua-zhen Zhao and Li-ping Zhu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:463
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. On 18 August 2015, Kyegegwa District reported eight deaths during a measles outbreak to the Uganda Ministry of Health (MoH). We investigated this death cluster to verify the cause, identify risk factors, and i...

    Authors: Richardson Mafigiri, Fred Nsubuga and Alex Riolexus Ario
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:462
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Malawi’s national antiretroviral therapy program provides atazanavir/ritonavir–based second line regimens which cause concentration-dependent rise in indirect bilirubin. We sought to determine if elevated bili...

    Authors: Dennis Miyoge Ongubo, Robertino Lim, Hannock Tweya, Christopher Chikhosi Stanley, Petros Tembo, Richard Broadhurst, Salem Gugsa, McNeil Ngongondo, Colin Speight, Tom Heller, Sam Phiri and Mina C. Hosseinipour
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:461
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Though home-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling and testing (HBHCT) is implemented in many sub-Saharan African countries as part of their HIV programs, linkage to HIV care remains a challenge. ...

    Authors: Susan M. Kiene, Seth C. Kalichman, Katelyn M. Sileo, Nicolas A. Menzies, Rose Naigino, Chii-Dean Lin, Moses H. Bateganya, Haruna Lule and Rhoda K. Wanyenze
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:460
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  9. We present one unusual case of anophthalmia and craniofacial cleft, probably due to congenital toxoplasmosis only.

    Authors: Gabriel Emmanuel Arce-Estrada, Valeria Gómez-Toscano, Carlos Cedillo-Peláez, Ana Luisa Sesman-Bernal, Vanessa Bosch-Canto, José Luis Mayorga-Butrón, José Antonio Vargas-Villavicencio and Dolores Correa
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:459
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  10. Laboratory analysis of organisms in water include arduous methods, such as the multiple tube and membrane filter. The ATP bioluminescence system, proposes a new way of measuring cellular material in water by m...

    Authors: Máira Gazzola Arroyo, Adriano Menis Ferreira, Oleci Pereira Frota, Marcelo Alessandro Rigotti, Denise de Andrade, Natalia Seron Brizzotti, Jacqueline Tanury Macruz Peresi, Elza Maria Castilho and Margarete Teresa Gottardo de Almeida
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:458
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. The neglected zoonotic diseases (NZD) are an understudied group that are a major cause of illness throughout the developing world. In general, little is known about the prevalence and burden of NZDs in affecte...

    Authors: Eric M. Fèvre, William A. de Glanville, Lian F. Thomas, Elizabeth A. J. Cook, Samuel Kariuki and Claire N. Wamae
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:457
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Gonorrhoea is one of the most common sexually transmissible infections in men who have sex with men (MSM). Gonorrhoea rates have increased substantially in recent years. There is concern that increasing gonorr...

    Authors: Eric P. F. Chow, Sandra Walker, Jane S. Hocking, Catriona S. Bradshaw, Marcus Y. Chen, Sepehr N. Tabrizi, Benjamin P. Howden, Matthew G. Law, Kate Maddaford, Tim R. H. Read, David A. Lewis, David M. Whiley, Lei Zhang, Andrew E. Grulich, John M. Kaldor, Vincent J. Cornelisse…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:456
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  13. Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic, complex and neglected zoonotic disease. CE occurs worldwide. In humans, it may result in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic infection...

    Authors: Virginia Velasco-Tirado, Ángela Romero-Alegría, Moncef Belhassen-García, Montserrat Alonso-Sardón, Carmen Esteban-Velasco, Amparo López-Bernús, Adela Carpio-Perez, Marcelo Fernando Jimenez López, Juan Luis Muñoz Bellido, Antonio Muro, Miguel Cordero-Sanchez, Javier Pardo-Lledias and Luis Muñoz-Bellvis
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:455
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Plasmodium falciparum infection can progress unpredictably to severe forms including respiratory distress and cerebral malaria. The mechanisms underlying the variable natural course of...

    Authors: Jean Claude Biteghe Bi Essone, Nadine N’Dilimabaka, Julien Ondzaga, Jean Bernard Lekana-Douki, Dieudonné Nkoghe Mba, Philippe Deloron, Dominique Mazier, Frédrérick Gay and Fousseyni S. Touré Ndouo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:454
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has shown a dramatic change in controlling the burden of HIV/AIDS. However, the new challenge of HAART is to allow long-term sustainability. Toxicities, comorbidity...

    Authors: Belay Birlie, Roel Braekers, Tadesse Awoke, Adetayo Kasim and Ziv Shkedy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:453
    Content type: Research Article Published on:

  16. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is responsible for severe respiratory infections and higher costs in medical care. The two aims of this work were to assess the performances of SOFIA®RSV tests in “real-life-labo...

    Authors: Léa C. Tran, Céline Tournus, Julia Dina, Rémy Morello, Jacques Brouard and Astrid Vabret
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:452
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Hepatitis E is self-limiting, but can cause death in most at risk groups like pregnant women and those with preexisting acute liver disease. In developing countries it presents as epidemic, in 2014 Hepatitis E...

    Authors: Geofrey Amanya, Samuel Kizito, Immaculate Nabukenya, Joan Kalyango, Collins Atuheire, Hellen Nansumba, Stephen Akena Abwoye, Denis Nixon Opio, Edrisa Kibuuka and Charles Karamagi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:451
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Pyogenic liver abscesses (PLA) remain a significant clinical problem. Unfortunately, little is known about current bacterial susceptibility profiles and the incidence of multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) c...

    Authors: Marcus M. Mücke, Johanna Kessel, Victoria T. Mücke, Katharina Schwarzkopf, Michael Hogardt, Christoph Stephan, Stefan Zeuzem, Volkhard A. J. Kempf and Christian M. Lange
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:450
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Studies focusing on pulmonary tuberculosis in advanced age (≥80 years) are lacking. This study aimed to explore treatment delay, outcomes and their predictors in this group.

    Authors: Chih-Hsin Lee, Jann-Yuan Wang, Hsien-Chun Lin, Pai-Yang Lin, Jer-Hwa Chang, Chi-Won Suk, Li-Na Lee, Chou-Chin Lan and Kuan-Jen Bai
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:449
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Cancer predisposes patients to Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) due to health care exposures and medications that disrupt the gut microbiota or reduce immune response. Despite this association, the national ...

    Authors: Andrew Delgado, Ivan A. Reveles, Felicia T. Cabello and Kelly R. Reveles
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:448
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. The burden of infectious intestinal disease (IID) in the UK is substantial. Negative consequences including sickness absence are common, but little is known about the social patterning of these outcomes, or th...

    Authors: Tanith C. Rose, Natalie L. Adams, Benjamin Barr, Jeremy Hawker, Sarah J. O’Brien, Mara Violato, Margaret Whitehead and David C. Taylor-Robinson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:447
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Authors: Arne Mehl, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, Angela Kümmel, Stian Lydersen, Julie Paulsen, Ingvild Haugan, Erik Solligård, Jan Kristian Damås, Stig Harthug and Tom-Harald Edna
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:446
    Content type: Erratum Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:116

  23. HIV infection is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease beyond that explained by traditional risk factors. Altered gut microbiota, microbial translocation, and immune activation have been pro...

    Authors: Judith M. Haissman, Anna K. Haugaard, Sisse R. Ostrowski, Rolf K. Berge, Johannes R. Hov, Marius Trøseid and Susanne D. Nielsen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:445
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Cervical cancer, nearly all cases of which are caused by one of several high-risk strains of the human papillomavirus (hr-HPV), leads to significant morbidity and mortality in individuals with a cervix. Trans ...

    Authors: Sari L. Reisner, Madeline B. Deutsch, Sarah M. Peitzmeier, Jaclyn M. White Hughto, Timothy Cavanaugh, Dana J. Pardee, Sarah McLean, Elliot J. Marrow, Matthew J. Mimiaga, Lori Panther, Marcy Gelman, Jamison Green and Jennifer Potter
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:444
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  25. Anaemia is common in malaria. It is important to quantitate the risk of anaemia and to distinguish factors related to the natural history of disease from potential drug toxicity.

    Authors: Julien Zwang, Umberto D’Alessandro, Jean-Louis Ndiaye, Abdoulaye A Djimdé, Grant Dorsey, Andreas A Mårtensson, Corine Karema and Piero L. Olliaro
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:443
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. We report a case of septic shock syndrome caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in a patient who had undergone splenectomy due to an autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS), which is characterized as a dysfun...

    Authors: Josef Singer, Christoph Testori, Peter Schellongowski, Ammon Handisurya, Catharina Müller, Eva-Maria Reitter, Wolfgang Graninger, Paul Knöbl, Thomas Staudinger, Stefan Winkler and Florian Thalhammer
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:442
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  27. Acute hepatitis A is a fecal-oral transmitted disease related to inadequate sanitary conditions. In addition to its traditional classification, several outbreaks in the men who have sex with men (MSM) populati...

    Authors: Nan-Yu Chen, Zhuo-Hao Liu, Shian-Sen Shie, Tsung-Hsing Chen and Ting-Shu Wu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:441
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Viral suppression is a critical indicator of HIV treatment success. In the era of test-and-start, little is known about treatment outcomes and time to undetectable viral loads. This study compares treatment ou...

    Authors: Rogers Ssebunya, Rhoda K. Wanyenze, Heather Lukolyo, Milton Mutto, Grace Kisitu, Pauline Amuge, Albert Maganda and Adeodata Kekitiinwa
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:439
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is virtually absent in sub-Saharan Africa. Here we present early experiences from a pilot program for treatment of CHB in Ethiopia.

    Authors: Hanna Aberra, Hailemichael Desalegn, Nega Berhe, Girmay Medhin, Kathrine Stene-Johansen, Svein Gunnar Gundersen and Asgeir Johannessen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:438
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Scaling up HIV testing is the first step in the HIV treatment continuum which is important for controlling the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM). Following an online HIV testing intervention a...

    Authors: Ngai Sze Wong, Weiming Tang, Larry Han, John Best, Ye Zhang, Shujie Huang, Heping Zheng, Bin Yang, Chongyi Wei, Stephen W. Pan and Joseph D. Tucker
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:437
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Patients with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease (LD) have a heterogeneous prognosis. This study aimed to develop and validate a prognostic scoring model for these patients using independent risk fact...

    Authors: Shogo Kumagai, Akihiro Ito, Toru Hashimoto, Satoshi Marumo, Hironobu Tokumasu, Aya Kotani, Haruka Yamaki, Masahiro Shirata, Koji Furuuchi, Motonari Fukui and Tadashi Ishida
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:436
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Shortening the standard 6-month treatment for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (DS-PTB) would be a major improvement for TB case management and disease control.

    Authors: Mengqiu Gao, Jingtao Gao, Jian Du, Yuhong Liu, Yao Zhang, Liping Ma, Fengling Mi, Liang Li and Shenjie Tang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:435
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  34. The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of peripheral vascular catheter-related bloodstream infections (PVC-BSIs) and determine the risk of severe complications or d...

    Authors: Akihiro Sato, Itaru Nakamura, Hiroaki Fujita, Ayaka Tsukimori, Takehito Kobayashi, Shinji Fukushima, Takeshi Fujii and Tetsuya Matsumoto
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:434
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The Xpert® MTB/RIF (XP) has a higher sensitivity than sputum smear microscopy (70% versus 35%) for TB diagnosis and has been endorsed by the WHO for TB high burden countries to increase case finding among HIV ...

    Authors: Sabine M. Hermans, Juliet A. Babirye, Olive Mbabazi, Francis Kakooza, Robert Colebunders, Barbara Castelnuovo, Christine Sekaggya-Wiltshire, Rosalind Parkes-Ratanshi and Yukari C. Manabe
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:433
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. The incidence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections is increasing worldwide, however formal evaluations of the epidemiology of NTM infections are limited. Understanding the trends and true prevalence...

    Authors: Hee Jung Yoon, Hwa Young Choi and Moran Ki
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:432
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Campylobacter (C.) jejuni is the leading cause of human campylobacteriosis worldwide. We performed a molecular epidemiological study to investigate the genetic relationship among C. je...

    Authors: Sigita Ramonaite, Egle Tamuleviciene, Thomas Alter, Neringa Kasnauskyte and Mindaugas Malakauskas
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:430
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a major concern in developing countries. The present study sought to define the pattern of antimicrobial resistance in ICU patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.

    Authors: Giang M. Tran, Thao P. Ho-Le, Duc T. Ha, Chau H. Tran-Nguyen, Tuyet S. M. Nguyen, Thao T. N. Pham, Tuyet A. Nguyen, Dung A. Nguyen, Hoa Q. Hoang, Ngoc V. Tran and Tuan V. Nguyen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:429
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Dengue results in high morbidity and mortality globally. The knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of dengue management, including diagnosis, among primary care physicians (PCPs) are important to reduce deng...

    Authors: Junxiong Pang, Zoe Jane-Lara Hildon, Tun Linn Thein, Jing Jin and Yee Sin Leo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:428
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Genetic variations have been identified in the genome of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) strains using vesicle fluid, varicella scabs and throat swab samples. We report a rare case of VZV-associated uveitis with ...

    Authors: Mayumi Hosogai, Yoko Nakatani, Kensuke Mimura, Shoji Kishi and Hideo Akiyama
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:427
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  42. Childhood diarrhea is a major public health problem, especially in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Exploring the spatial pattern of childhood diarrhea is important to monitor and design effective int...

    Authors: Getahun Gebre Bogale, Kassahun Alemu Gelaye, Degefie Tibebe Degefie and Yalemzewod Assefa Gelaw
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:426
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Early treatment of acute HIV-1 infection (AHI) is beneficial for patients and could reduce onward transmission. However, guidelines on whom to test for AHI with HIV-1 RNA testing are lacking.

    Authors: Maartje Dijkstra, Godelieve J. de Bree, Ineke G. Stolte, Udi Davidovich, Eduard J. Sanders, Maria Prins and Maarten F. Schim van der Loeff
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:425
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:691

  44. Uremia is likely a risk factor for deep neck infection (DNI). However, only a few relevant cases have been reported, and evidence sufficient to support this hypothesis is lacking. The aim of the study is to in...

    Authors: Geng-He Chang, Ming-Shao Tsai, Chia-Yen Liu, Meng-Hung Lin, Yao-Te Tsai, Cheng-Ming Hsu and Yao-Hsu Yang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:424
    Content type: Database Published on:

  45. Recently there has been a large outbreak of Zika virus infections in Colombia, South America. The epidemic began in September 2015 and continued to April 2017, for the total number of Zika cases reported of 10...

    Authors: Salim Mattar, Carolina Ojeda, Janna Arboleda, German Arrieta, Irene Bosch, Ingrid Botia, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Carlos Perez-Yepes, Lee Gerhke and German Montero
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:423
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  46. Staphylococcus aureus strains are now regarded as zoonotic agents. In pastoral settings where human-animal interaction is intimate, multi-drug resistant microorganisms have become an e...

    Authors: Benon B. Asiimwe, Rossella Baldan, Alberto Trovato and Daniela M. Cirillo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:422
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Residents in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) are vulnerable to tuberculosis (TB) transmission; however, to delineate possible routes of TB transmission in LTCFs is difficult. This study aimed to address the ...

    Authors: Wen-Cheng Chao, Pei-Chun Chuang, Don-Han Wu, Chieh-Liang Wu, Po-Yu Liu, Chi-Chang Shieh and Ruwen Jou
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:421
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The aims of this analysis were to investigate treatment completion and adherence among people with ongoing injecting drug use or receiving opioid substitution therapy (OST) in a study of response-guided therap...

    Authors: Evan B. Cunningham, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Olav Dalgard, Janaki Amin, Margaret Hellard, Graham R Foster, Philip Bruggmann, Brian Conway, Markus Backmund, Geert Robaeys, Tracy Swan, Philippa S. Marks, Sophie Quiene, Tanya L Applegate, Martin Weltman, David Shaw…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:420
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug resistant (MDR)-TB with additional resistance to injectable agents or fluoroquinolones are challenging to treat due to lack of available, effect...

    Authors: Aravind Swaminathan, Philipp du Cros, James A. Seddon, Shamsiya Mirgayosieva, Rajabov Asladdin and Zulfiya Dusmatova
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:417
    Content type: Case report Published on:

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