Articles

Does ganciclovir exert retinal toxicity after multiple continuous intravitreal injections?

The objective of this study is to report a case of acute retinal necrosis in which abnormalities in visual function did not correspond to retinal anatomical outcomes.

Authors: Feng Hu, Ya Ma and Xiaoyan Peng

Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus infection among Indian HIV-positive men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study

Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been causally linked to a subset of oropharyngeal cancers in Western populations, and both oropharyngeal cancer and oral HPV infection are increased among HIV-posi...

Authors: Alexandra L. Hernandez, Rajiv Karthik, Murugesan Sivasubramanian, Anantharam Raghavendran, Shelly Lensing, Jeannette Y. Lee, Priya Abraham, Dilip Mathai and Joel M. Palefsky

History of anemia and long-term mortality due to infection: a cohort study with 12 years follow-up in South Korea

Anemia, which is a condition with reduced healthy red blood cells, is reported to be closely related to the development of infectious diseases. We aimed to investigate the association between history of anemia...

Authors: Tak Kyu Oh, Kyung-Ho Song and In-Ae Song

Continuous Blood purification on Influenza-Associated Neurological Disease in children: a retrospective cohort study

Due to lack of proven therapies, we evaluated the effect of CBP on Influenza-Associated Neurological Disease in children.

Authors: Jingwen Ni, Kenan Fang, Zhe Zhao, Zhiyuan Wang, Qian Huang, Lele Li, Guiying Yang, Huizi Guo, Xiaoyang Hong and Shujun Li

Retraction Note to: Methylene blue photochemical treatment as a reliable SARS-CoV-2 plasma virus inactivation method for blood safety and convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19

Authors: Changzhong Jin, Bin Yu, Jie Zhang, Hao Wu, Xipeng Zhou, Hangping Yao, Fumin Liu, Xiangyun Lu, Linfang Cheng, Miao Jiang and Nanping Wu

The impact of infectious diseases consultation on the management and outcomes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia in adults: a retrospective cohort study

Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia (PAB) is associated with high mortality. The benefits of infectious diseases consultation (IDC) has been demonstrated in Staphylococcal aureus bacteraemia and other complex infe...

Authors: Fabian Chiong, Mohammed S. Wasef, Kwee Chin Liew, Raquel Cowan, Danny Tsai, Yin Peng Lee, Larry Croft, Owen Harris, Stella May Gwini and Eugene Athan

Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) for aortic vascular graft infection; a five-year retrospective evaluation

An estimated 1% of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) devices become infected, carrying a high mortality rate. Surgical explantation is recommended and prognosis is guarded. This retrospective cohort analysis...

Authors: Niamh Allen, Mohamed Adam, Grace O’Regan, Aoife Seery, Cora McNally, Samuel McConkey, Aisling Brown and Eoghan de Barra

Knowledge, perceptions and effects of Ebola virus disease outbreak on the pig value chain in the agro-pastoralist district of Luwero, Central Uganda

Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreaks have a significant impact on the health and wellbeing, and livelihoods of communities. EVD response interventions particularly affect the food value chain, and income securi...

Authors: Doreen Birungi, Gabriel Tumwine, Charles Drago Kato, Tonny Ssekamatte, Michael Ocaido and Samuel Majalija

Transmitted drug resistance to Tenofovir/Emtricitabine among persons with newly diagnosed HIV infection in Shenyang city, Northeast China from 2016 to 2018

To assess transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to tenofovir (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC), using as pre-exposure prophylaxis, among newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)-infected residents in Shenyan...

Authors: Zhen Wang, Bin Zhao, Minghui An, Wei Song, Xue Dong, Xin Li, Lu Wang, Lin Wang, Wen Tian, Haibo Ding and Xiaoxu Han

Hepatitis C virus infection and risk of liver-related and non-liver-related deaths: a population-based cohort study in Naples, southern Italy

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represents a global health issue with severe implications on morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of HCV infection on all-cause, liver-related, and...

Authors: Pierluca Piselli, Diego Serraino, Mario Fusco, Enrico Girardi, Angelo Pirozzi, Federica Toffolutti, Claudia Cimaglia and Martina Taborelli

Clinical features and predictors for patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at the start of the pandemic: a retrospective multicenter cohort study

This study was performed to investigate clinical features of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and identify risk factors for converting to severe cases in those who had mild to moderate diseases at the...

Authors: Chao Cao, Li He, Jingping Ma, Meiping Chen, Yiting Li, Qingwen Jiang, Shiyu Wu, Lili Yu, Weina Huang, Guoqing Qian, Chuanbing Zhu, Jinguo Chu and Xiaomin Chen

Pooled sputum to optimise the efficiency and utility of rapid, point-of-care molecular SARS-CoV-2 testing

As SARS-CoV-2 testing expands, particularly to widespread asymptomatic testing, high sensitivity point-of-care PCR platforms may optimise potential benefits from pooling multiple patients’ samples.

Authors: Alison Burdett, Christofer Toumazou, Rashmita Sahoo, Adam Mujan, Tsz-Kin Hon, Judith Bedzo-Nutakor, Nicola Casali, Maria Karvela, Mohammadreza Sohbati, Graham S. Cooke, Gary W. Davies and Luke S. P. Moore

Safety and efficacy evaluation of low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV uninfected patients undergoing hemodialysis: a retrospective observational study

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a potentially life-threatening infection. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is considered as the first regimen for PCP prophylaxis according to several guidelines. The rec...

Authors: Kanae Yamashita, Yoshimitsu Shimomura, Hiroaki Ikesue, Nobuyuki Muroi, Akihiro Yoshimoto and Tohru Hashida

Predictors of mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a high mortality rate, especially in patients with severe illness. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the potential predictors o...

Authors: Changcheng Shi, Limin Wang, Jian Ye, Zhichun Gu, Shuying Wang, Junbo Xia, Yaping Xie, Qingyu Li, Renjie Xu and Nengming Lin

Lung abscess secondary to lung cancer with a coinfection of Granulicatellaadiacens and other bacteria: a case report

Granulicatella adiacens is facultative anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria, which mainly involve bacterial endocarditis and bacteremia, but there are few reports of local suppurative infection. A case of lung abs...

Authors: Shuo Yang, Liangliang Wu, Lili Xu, Xiang Huang, Xiaofeng Sun, Lan Yang and Ling Xu

Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children in Kassena-Nankana districts of Northern Ghana

Pneumococcal vaccine immunizations may be responsible for alterations in serotype epidemiology within a region. This study investigated the pneumococcal carriage prevalence and the impact of the 13-valent pneu...

Authors: Deborah K. Narwortey, Alex Owusu-Ofori, Hans-Christian Slotved, Eric S. Donkor, Patrick O. Ansah, Paul Welaga, Godfred Agongo and Abraham R. Oduro

Correction to: Transmission dynamics and control of two epidemic waves of SARS-CoV-2 in South Korea

Authors: Sukhyun Ryu, Sheikh Taslim Ali, Eunbi Noh, Dasom Kim, Eric H. Y. Lau and Benjamin J. Cowling

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of immunocompromised patients infected with Pneumocystis jirovecii in a twelve-year retrospective study from Norway

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) severely menaces modern chemotherapy and immunosuppression. Detailed description of the epidemiology of Pneumocystis jirovecii today is needed to identify candidates for PCP-prophylax...

Authors: Stine Grønseth, Tormod Rogne, Raisa Hannula, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, Jan Egil Afset and Jan Kristian Damås

Estimation of the reproduction number of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in South Korea using heterogeneous models

The reproduction number is one of the most crucial parameters in determining disease dynamics, providing a summary measure of the transmission potential. However, estimating this value is particularly challeng...

Authors: Yunjeong Lee, Dong Han Lee, Hee-Dae Kwon, Changsoo Kim and Jeehyun Lee

The 12-month period prevalence and cardiac manifestations of HIV in patients with acute coronary syndrome at a tertiary hospital in Cape Town, South Africa: a retrospective cross-sectional study

HIV-positive patients are increasingly being affected by non-communicable diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD). Data from high-income countries (HICs) indicate that HIV-positive patients have differe...

Authors: Camilla Pennefather, Tonya Esterhuizen, Anton Doubell and Eric H. Decloedt

Demographic and clinical characteristics of severe Covid-19 infections: a cross-sectional study from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) is expanding worldwide. The characteristics of this infection in patients varies from country to country. To move forward, clinical data on infected patients are needed. Her...

Authors: Ladan Goshayeshi, Mina Akbari Rad, Robert Bergquist, Abolghasem Allahyari, Kamila Hashemzadeh and Benyamin Hoseini

Identification of novel genes involved in apoptosis of HIV-infected macrophages using unbiased genome-wide screening

Macrophages, besides resting latently infected CD4+ T cells, constitute the predominant stable, major non-T cell HIV reservoirs. Therefore, it is essential to eliminate both latently infected CD4+ T cells and ...

Authors: Simon X. M. Dong, Frederick S. Vizeacoumar, Kalpana K. Bhanumathy, Nezeka Alli, Cristina Gonzalez-Lopez, Niranjala Gajanayaka, Ramon Caballero, Hamza Ali, Andrew Freywald, Edana Cassol, Jonathan B. Angel, Franco J. Vizeacoumar and Ashok Kumar

Hepatitis B virus infection among men who have sex with men and transgender women living with or at risk for HIV: a cross sectional study in Abuja and Lagos, Nigeria

Despite the development of a safe and efficacious hepatitis B vaccine in 1982, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa. Due to shared risk factors for virus acquisition...

Authors: Olusegun A. Adeyemi, Andrew Mitchell, Ashley Shutt, Trevor A. Crowell, Nicaise Ndembi, Afoke Kokogho, Habib O. Ramadhani, Merlin L. Robb, Stefan D. Baral, Julie A. Ake, Manhattan E. Charurat, Sheila Peel and Rebecca G. Nowak

Correction to: Containing pandemics through targeted testing of households

Authors: André Voigt, Nikolay Martyushenko, Emil Karlsen, Martina Hall, Kristen Nyhamar, Stig William Omholt and Eivind Almaas

Palmo-plantar hyperkeratosis associated with HTLV-1 infection: a case report

Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis is a cutaneous manifestation that had not been clearly associated with infection by the human T-cell lymphotropic virus, which is a retrovirus that in most cases does not develop cl...

Authors: Elías Quintero-Muñoz, Daniel Martin Arsanios, María Fernanda Estupiñán Beltrán, Juan David Vera, Catalina Palacio Giraldo, Omar Velandia and Carlos Mauricio Calderon

Utility of interferon gamma/tumor necrosis factor alpha FluoroSpot assay in differentiation between active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection: a pilot study

The differential diagnosis of active tuberculosis (ATB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) remains challenging in clinical practice. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the IFN-γ/TNF-α Fluoro...

Authors: Lifan Zhang, Shijun Wan, Ziyue Zhou, Yueqiu Zhang and Xiaoqing Liu

The burden of hand, foot, and mouth disease among children under different vaccination scenarios in China: a dynamic modelling study

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common illness in young children. A monovalent vaccine has been developed in China protecting against enterovirus-71, bivalent vaccines preventing HFMD caused by two v...

Authors: Zhixi Liu, Jie Tian, Yue Wang, Yixuan Li, Jing Liu-Helmersson, Sharmistha Mishra, Abram L. Wagner, Yihan Lu and Weibing Wang

Prevalence and correlates of Mycoplasma genitalium infection among patients attending a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Guangdong, China: a cross-sectional study

Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) causes urogenital tract infections and is associated with reproductive morbidity. Although MG has been reported across many regions and population groups, it is not yet routinely tested...

Authors: Xiao-Hui Zhang, Pei-Zhen Zhao, Wu-Jian Ke, Liu-Yuan Wang, Lai Sze Tso, Zheng-Yu Chen, Yu-Ying Liao, Chun-Mei Liang, Hui-Ru Chen, Xu-Qi Ren, Jin-Mei Huang, Jason J. Ong, Fan Yang and Li-Gang Yang

Comparison of saliva with healthcare workers- and patient-collected swabs in the diagnosis of COVID-19 in a large cohort

A considerable amount of evidence demonstrates the potential of saliva in the diagnosis of COVID-19. Our aim was to determine the sensitivity of saliva versus swabs collected by healthcare workers (HCWs) and p...

Authors: Mitnala Sasikala, Yelamanchili Sadhana, Ketavarapu Vijayasarathy, Anand Gupta, Sarala Kumari Daram, Naveen Chander Reddy Podduturi and Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy

Sex-based clinical and immunological differences in COVID-19

Males and females differ in their immunological responses to foreign pathogens. However, most of the current COVID-19 clinical practices and trials do not take the sex factor into consideration.

Authors: Bin Huang, Yun Cai, Ning Li, Kening Li, Zhihua Wang, Lu Li, Lingxiang Wu, Mengyan Zhu, Jie Li, Ziyu Wang, Min Wu, Wanlin Li, Wei Wu, Lishen Zhang, Xinyi Xia, Shukui Wang…

Immune cell profiling and antibody responses in patients with COVID-19

Although there are a growing number of studies on evaluating lymphocyte subset counts as prognostic factors for COVID-19 disease severity, the lymphocyte subsets’ analyses of both IgM and IgG responders and no...

Authors: Mitra Rezaei, Shima Mahmoudi, Esmaeil Mortaz and Majid Marjani

Epidemiology of SARS-CoV2 in Qatar’s primary care population aged 10 years and above

There is an urgent need to elucidate the epidemiology of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) and characterize its potential impact. Investing in characterising the SARS-CoV2 will he...

Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Syed, Ahmed Sameer Al Nuaimi, Hamda Abdulla A/Qotba, Gheyath K. Nasrallah, Asmaa A. Althani, Hadi M. Yassine, Abduljaleel Abdullatif Zainel, Hanan Khudadad, Tamara Marji, Shajitha Thekke Veettil, Hadeel T. Al-Jighefee, Salma Younes, Farah Shurrab, Duaa W. Al-Sadeq, Al Anoud Saleh AlFehaidi, Ameena Ibrahim Yfakhroo…

Influenza in Malaysian adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma: a multicenter, active surveillance study

Available data on influenza burden across Southeast Asia are largely limited to pediatric populations, with inconsistent findings.

Authors: Yong Kek Pang, Ahmad Izuanuddin Ismail, Yoke Fun Chan, Adelina Cheong, Yoong Min Chong, Paras Doshi, Joanne Zhi Han Lau, Jean Khor, Lilian Phei Lian Wang, Chee Loon Leong, Aisya Natasya Musa, Kee Sing Ng, Mau Ern Poh, I-Ching Sam, Jiunn Liang Tan, Mohd Arif Mohd Zim…

Management of enterococcal central line-associated bloodstream infections in patients with cancer

Enterococcus species are the third most common organisms causing central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). The management of enterococcal CLABSI, including the need for and timing of catheter remo...

Authors: Hesham Awadh, Anne-Marie Chaftari, Melissa Khalil, Johny Fares, Ying Jiang, Rita Deeba, Shahnoor Ali, Ray Hachem and Issam I. Raad

Efficacy of two-week therapy with doxycycline-based quadruple regimen versus levofloxacin concomitant regimen for helicobacter pylori infection: a prospective single-center randomized controlled trial

Antibiotic-resistance reduces the efficacy of conventional triple therapy for Helicobacter Pylori infections worldwide, which necessitates using various treatment protocols. We used two protocols, doxycycline-...

Authors: Marouf Alhalabi, Mohammed Waleed Alassi, Kamal Alaa Eddin and Khaled Cheha

Community drivers of tuberculosis diagnostic delay in Kampala, Uganda: a retrospective cohort study

Recent approaches to TB control have focused on identifying and treating active cases to halt further transmission. Patients with TB symptoms often delay to seek care, get appropriate diagnosis, and initiate e...

Authors: Rachel Mercaldo, Christopher Whalen, Robert Kakaire, Damalie Nakkonde, Andreas Handel and Juliet N. Sekandi

Estimating regional prevalence of chronic hepatitis C with a capture-recapture analysis

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a candidate disease for micro-elimination. Accurate baseline HCV prevalence estimation is essential to monitor progress to micro-elimination but can be methodologically...

Authors: Patricia A. M. Kracht, Joop E. Arends, Andy I. M. Hoepelman and Mirjam E. E. Kretzschmar

Comparative cytokine profiling identifies common and unique serum cytokine responses in acute chikungunya and dengue virus infection

Infection by chikungunya (CHIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) can cause a wide spectrum of clinical features, many of which are undifferentiated. Cytokines, which broadly also include chemokines and growth factors,...

Authors: Rama Dhenni, Benediktus Yohan, Bachti Alisjahbana, Anton Lucanus, Silvita Fitri Riswari, Dewi Megawati, Sotianingsih Haryanto, Dekrit Gampamole, Rahma F. Hayati, Kartika Sari, Ni Putu Diah Witari, Khin Saw Aye Myint and R. Tedjo Sasmono

Bacterial characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) colonized strains and their correlation with subsequent infection

Searching the risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infection is important in clinical practice. In the present study, we aim to investigate bacterial characteristics of colonizing strain...

Authors: Qun Lin, Yue Wang, Jing Yu, Shusheng Li, Yicheng Zhang, Hui Wang, Xiaoquan Lai, Dong Liu, Liyan Mao, Ying Luo, Guoxing Tang, Zhongju Chen and Ziyong Sun

Urinary tract infection by a rare pathogen Cedecea neteri in a pregnant female with Polyhydramnios: rare case report from UAE

Cedecea neteri is a gram-negative, oxidase-negative bacillus, a rare pathogen. Few reports are emerging globally about its antimicrobial resistance pattern especially in immunocompromised individuals with comorbi...

Authors: Hafiz Ahmad, Talat Masroor, Satyam A. Parmar and Debadatta Panigrahi

Bloodstream infections in adult patients with malignancy, epidemiology, microbiology, and risk factors associated with mortality and multi-drug resistance

This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology, microbiology, and risk factors associated with mortality and multi-drug resistance bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) among adult cancer patients in Shira...

Authors: Ali Amanati, Sarvin Sajedianfard, Somayeh Khajeh, Shabnam Ghasempour, Salma Mehrangiz, Samane Nematolahi and Zahra Shahhosein

Ivermectin to prevent hospitalizations in patients with COVID-19 (IVERCOR-COVID19) a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) has changed our lives. The scientific community has been investigating re-purposed treatments to prevent disease progression in coronavirus disease (...

Authors: Julio Vallejos, Rodrigo Zoni, María Bangher, Silvina Villamandos, Angelina Bobadilla, Fabian Plano, Claudia Campias, Evangelina Chaparro Campias, Maria Fernanda Medina, Fernando Achinelli, Hector Andres Guglielmone, Jorge Ojeda, Diego Farizano Salazar, Gerardo Andino, Pablo Kawerin, Silvana Dellamea…

Significant decline of HPV 6 infection and genital warts despite low HPV vaccination coverage in young women in Germany: a long-term prospective, cohort data analysis

The introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has resulted in a remarkable decline of genital warts in women and men, but in Germany historical rates of vaccination are relatively low. We report l...

Authors: Agnieszka Denecke, Thomas Iftner, Angelika Iftner, Sebastian Riedle, Marion Ocak, Alexander Luyten, Isak Üye, Kübra Tunc and Karl Ulrich Petry

Campylobacter insulaenigrae bacteremia with meningitis: a case report

The bacterium Campylobacter insulaenigrae was first isolated from marine mammals of Scotland in 2004. Only one case of C. insulaenigrae infection in humans has been previously reported.

Authors: Moe Kyotani, Tsuneaki Kenzaka, Hozuka Akita and Soichi Arakawa

Lymphocyte subset alterations with disease severity, imaging manifestation, and delayed hospitalization in COVID-19 patients

COVID-19 continuously threated public health heavily. Present study aimed to investigate the lymphocyte subset alterations with disease severity, imaging manifestation, and delayed hospitalization in COVID-19 ...

Authors: Daxian Wu, Xiaoping Wu, Jiansheng Huang, Qunfang Rao, Qi Zhang and Wenfeng Zhang

Hyperimmune plasma in three immuno-deficient patients affected by non-severe, prolonged COVID-19: a single-center experience

Convalescent plasma (CP) and hyperimmune plasma (HP) are passive immunotherapies consisting in the infusion of plasma from recovered people into infected patients. Following pre-existing evidence in many other...

Authors: Maria Grazia Cusi, Edoardo Conticini, Claudia Gandolfo, Gabriele Anichini, Gianni Gori Savellini, Serafina Valente, Federico Franchi, Sabino Scolletta, Elena Percivalle and Bruno Frediani

The first report of co-existence of pulmonary tuberculosis and lung malignancy in a kidney transplant recipient: a case report and literature review

Along with the medical development, organ transplant patients increase dramatically. Since these transplant patients take immunosuppressants for a long term, their immune functions are in a suppressed state, p...

Authors: Gang Fang, Ning-Chang Cheng, Li-Li Huang, Wei-Ping Xie, Chun-Mei Hu and Wei Chen

Correction to: Evaluation of serological lateral flow assays for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2

Authors: Bianca A. Trombetta, Savannah E. Kandigian, Robert R. Kitchen, Korneel Grauwet, Pia Kivisäkk Webb, Glenn A. Miller, Charles G. Jennings, Sejal Jain, Samara Miller, Yikai Kuo, Thadryan Sweeney, Tal Gilboa, Maia Norman, Daimon P. Simmons, Christopher E. Ramirez, Melissa Bedard…

Antibiotic susceptibility of human-associated Staphylococcus aureus and its relation to agr typing, virulence genes, and biofilm formation

Carriage of virulence factors confers some evolutionary benefit to bacteria, which favors the resistant strains. We aimed to analyze whether antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus strains is affected ...

Authors: Safoura Derakhshan, Masoumeh Navidinia and Fakhri Haghi

Quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of joint measures led by Fangcang shelter hospitals in response to COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China

To quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of Fangcang shelter hospitals, designated hospitals, and the time interval from illness onset to diagnosis toward the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic.

Authors: Hui Jiang, Pengfei Song, Siyi Wang, Shuangshuang Yin, Jinfeng Yin, Chendi Zhu, Chao Cai, Wangli Xu and Weimin Li