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  1. Otitis media is inflammation of the middle ear, comprising a spectrum of diseases. It is the commonest episode of infection in children, which often occurs after an acute upper respiratory tract infection. Oti...

    Authors: Tewodros Tesfa, Habtamu Mitiku, Mekonnen Sisay, Fitsum Weldegebreal, Zerihun Ataro, Birhanu Motbaynor, Dadi Marami and Zelalem Teklemariam

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:225

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Cervical lymphadenopathy refers to a frequently observed clinical presentation in numerous pathological conditions. A wide spectrum of diseases can cause cervical lymphadenopathy, irrespective of the fact that...

    Authors: Lei Sun, Liang Zhang, Kun Yang, Xiang-mei Chen, Jia-min Chen, Jiang Xiao, Hong-xin Zhao, Zhi-yuan Ma, Li-ming Qi and Peng Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:224

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen that causes serious systemic infections in pigs and occupation-related infections in humans who contact with pigs or pork products. In China, it has caused two outbreaks ...

    Authors: Fei Jiang, Jingjing Guo, Chen Cheng and Bing Gu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:223

    Content type: Case report

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  4. Infectious diarrhea can lead to a considerable global disease burden. Thus, the accurate prediction of an infectious diarrhea epidemic is crucial for public health authorities. This study was aimed at developi...

    Authors: Xinyu Fang, Wendong Liu, Jing Ai, Mike He, Ying Wu, Yingying Shi, Wenqi Shen and Changjun Bao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:222

    Content type: Research article

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  5. The goal of the study was to evaluate a potential role for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) genetic variability as biomarker in sepsis. In particular, we aimed to determine if single nucleotide polymorphism...

    Authors: Anca Meda Georgescu, Claudia Banescu, Razvan Azamfirei, Adina Hutanu, Valeriu Moldovan, Iudita Badea, Septimiu Voidazan, Minodora Dobreanu, Ioana Raluca Chirtes and Leonard Azamfirei

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:221

    Content type: Research article

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  6. The management of disseminated cysticercosis is unclear and largely considered hazardous. The role of albendazole remains controversial in such patients.

    Authors: Sudhakar Pandey, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Kiran Preet Malhotra, Neeraj Kumar, Imran Rizvi, Amita Jain, Neera Kohli, Rajesh Verma, Praveen Sharma, Ravi Uniyal and Shweta Pandey

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:220

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Control of Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome using vaccination has shown great success in the America’s. Uganda is due to introduce the Rubella vaccine however the magnitude of transmission is not well d...

    Authors: Fred Bagenda, Edgar Mugema Mulogo, Richard Onyuthi Apecu, Anette Kisakye and Benard Toliva Opar

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:219

    Content type: Research article

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  8. This study represents the first Scottish retrospective analysis of the microbiology of diabetic foot infections (DFIs). The aims were to compare the microbiological profile of DFIs treated at a Scottish tertia...

    Authors: Katherine E. Macdonald, Crispin Y. Jordan, Emma Crichton, Judith E. Barnes, Gillian E. Harkin, Lesley M. L. Hall and Joshua D. Jones

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:218

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Congenital Cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is a serious global public health issue that can cause irreversible fetal and neonatal congenital defects in symptomatic or asymptomatic newborns at birth. In absence of unive...

    Authors: Laura Pellegrinelli, Luisella Alberti, Elena Pariani, Maria Barbi and Sandro Binda

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:217

    Content type: Debate

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  10. Tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) is an infectious disease, mainly caused by species from the spotted fever group rickettsiae and is characterized by enlarged lymph nodes following a tick bite. Among cases o...

    Authors: Jun-Won Seo, Choon-Mee Kim, Na Ra Yun, Dong-Min Kim, Sung Soon Kim, Sangho Choi and Hyuk Chu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:216

    Content type: Case report

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  11. The poorly known mycobacterial species Mycobacterium monacense is a rapidly growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium that was first described in 2006 (Reischl et al., Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2575-8, 2006); it h...

    Authors: Chenyan Yuan, Huixia Lu, Congshan Yang, Wei Gao, Hailiang Wang and Guoqiu Wu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:215

    Content type: Case report

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  12. In Ethiopia, by the end of 2018, an estimated 690,000 people are infected with HIV and the annual cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is estimated to be between 4000 and 5000 with over 3.2 million people are ...

    Authors: Mehdi Mohebali and Yonas Yimam

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:214

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Studies indicate that responses to HIV-2 treatment regimens are worse than responses to HIV-1 regimens during the first 12 months of treatment, but longer-term treatment responses are poorly described. We util...

    Authors: Peter A. Minchella, Christiane Adjé-Touré, Guoqing Zhang, Andre Tehe, Judith Hedje, Erin R. Rottinghaus, Natacha Kohemun, Micheline Aka, Karidia Diallo, G. Laissa Ouedraogo, Kevin M. De Cock and John N Nkengasong

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:213

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Pulmonary endarteritis is a rare clinical phenomenon with congenital heart that can potentially lead to major complications.

    Authors: Arezoo Khosravi, Zohreh Rostami, Mohammad Javanbakht, Nematollah Jonaidi Jafari, Mohsen Sadeghi Ghahroudi, Mohammad Hassan Kalantar-Motamed, Ramezan Jafari and Behzad Einollahi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:212

    Content type: Case report

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  15. Cellulitis, a frequent cause of admission of adult patients to medical wards, occasionally evolves to sepsis. In this study we analyze the factors related to sepsis development.

    Authors: J. Collazos, B. de la Fuente, J. de la Fuente, A. García, H. Gómez, C. Menéndez, H. Enríquez, P. Sánchez, M. Alonso, I. López-Cruz, M. Martín-Regidor, A. Martínez-Alonso, J. Guerra, A. Artero, M. Blanes and V. Asensi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:211

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Dengue is an emerging infectious disease that infects up to 390 million people yearly. The growing demand of dengue diagnostics especially in low-resource settings gave rise to many rapid diagnostic tests (RDT...

    Authors: Zhuo Lin Chong, Shamala Devi Sekaran, Hui Jen Soe, Devi Peramalah, Sanjay Rampal and Chiu-Wan Ng

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:210

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major global health problem. WHO guidelines recommend screening all people living with HIV for hepatitis C. Considering the limited resources for health in low and middle...

    Authors: Jozefien Buyze, Anja De Weggheleire, Johan van Griensven and Lutgarde Lynen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:209

    Content type: Research Article

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  19. Kiribati introduced rotavirus vaccine in 2015. To estimate the impact of rotavirus vaccine on acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM) among children under 5 in Kiribati, a retrospective...

    Authors: Jana Lai, Cattram Nguyen, Beia Tabwaia, Agnes Nikuata, Nikarawa Baueri, Eretii Timeon, Mohammed Diaaldeen, Tinai Iuta, Murat Hakan Ozturk, Aaron Moore, Alice Hall, Batmunkh Nyambat, Stephanie Davis, Ataur Rahman, Wendy Erasmus, Kimberley Fox…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:207

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Well-functioning health systems are essential to achieving global and national tuberculosis (TB) control targets. This study examined health system factors affecting implementation of TB control programme from...

    Authors: Daniel Chukwuemeka Ogbuabor

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:206

    Content type: Research article

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  21. The occurrence of segmental/lobar pattern pneumonia (S/L-PP) in children has recently increased. The pathogens of the disease may change for the misuse of antibiotics and the application of vaccines. Therefore...

    Authors: Yanxia Wang, Liji Ma, Ying Li, Yuyun Li, Yanfei Zheng and Xiaoyue Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:205

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Bolivia has the highest prevalence of cervical cancer in South America and the prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among people in urban cities is increasing. Little is known about the p...

    Authors: Marianela Patzi-Churqui, Katty Terrazas-Aranda, Jan-Åke Liljeqvist, Magnus Lindh and Kristina Eriksson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:204

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Rabies is endemic in southern Bhutan, associated with 1–2 human deaths and high post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) costs annually. Evaluation of clinicians’ management of human cases potentially exposed to rabies...

    Authors: Kinley Penjor, Nelly Marquetoux, Chendu Dorji, Kinley Penjor, Sithar Dorjee, Chencho Dorjee, P. D. Jolly, R. S. Morris and J. S. McKenzie

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:203

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Rabies is a deadly preventable viral disease that affects all warm-blooded animals and widespread in many regions including Africa. The disease remains of major public health importance in Uganda.

    Authors: Michael Omodo, Meriadeg Ar Gouilh, Frank Norbert Mwiine, Anna Rose Ademun Okurut, Noelina Nantima, Alice Namatovu, Maria Flavia Nakanjako, Emmanuel Isingoma, Eugene Arinaitwe, Martin Esau, Simon Kyazze, Milton Bahati, Franklin Mayanja, Patrick Bagonza, Richard Akule Urri, Mary Nanfuka Lovincer…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:200

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Campylobacter jejuni is a motile, gram-negative rod known for causing self-limiting enterocolitis while rarely causing extraintestinal infections. We report the first case of a patient with Campylobacter jejuni o...

    Authors: Joost Hartman, Matthijs Westerman and Jiri F. P. Wagenaar

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:199

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  28. Although married couples can be at an elevated risk of HIV infection, few studies have explored the risk factors for HIV infection at the couple-level. We explored the risk factors for HIV infection among marr...

    Authors: Anne M. Nabukenya, Aminah Nambuusi and Joseph K. B. Matovu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:198

    Content type: Research article

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  29. The incidence rate of measles in China reached a nadir in 2012 after 2 supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) were undertaken in 2009 and 2010. However, the disease began re-emerging in 2013, with a high...

    Authors: Huizhen Zheng, Katherine Min Jia, Riyang Sun, Pui Hu, Maggie Haitian Wang, Benny Chung-Ying Zee, Wenjia Liang and Ka Chun Chong

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:197

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Few data are available regarding the use of direct antiviral agents (DAAs) for chronic hepatitis C in psychiatric patients. The aim of the study is to assess safety and outcome of DAAs in patients with psychia...

    Authors: Nicolò de Gennaro, Lucia Diella, Laura Monno, Gioacchino Angarano, Michele Milella and Annalisa Saracino

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:196

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) demonstrates high efficacy in reducing the risk of HIV transmission to sexual partners. However, it is not clear if the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in HIV-1-serodiscorda...

    Authors: Lijun Sun, An Liu, Jianwei Li, Ying Shao, Qiuyun Li, Jiangzhu Ye, Hongwei Zhang, Zaicun Li and Hui Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:195

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Hepatitis B virus disease is a potentially life-threatening liver infection and a major global health problem. It causes chronic infection and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer....

    Authors: Garba Umar Mustapha, Abdulrasul Ibrahim, Muhammad Shakir Balogun, Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo and Aisha Indo Mamman

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:194

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Microbial infection is the main cause of increased morbidity and mortality in burn patients, especially infections caused by multiple drug-resistant organisms (MDRO). The purpose of this study was to explore m...

    Authors: Yin-Yin Chen, Ping-Feng Wu, Chii-Shya Chen, Ian-Horng Chen, Wan-Tsuei Huang and Fu-Der Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:193

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Human psittacosis, caused by Chlamydia (C.) psittaci, is likely underdiagnosed and underreported, since tests for C. psittaci are often not included in routine microbiological diagnostics. Source tracing traditio...

    Authors: Lenny Hogerwerf, Inge Roof, Marianne J. K. de Jong, Frederika Dijkstra and Wim van der Hoek

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:192

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Tuberculosis (TB) burden shows wide disparities across ages in Taiwan. In 2016, the age-specific notification rate in those older than 65 years old was about 100 times as much as in those younger than 15 years...

    Authors: Han Fu, Hsien-Ho Lin, Timothy B. Hallett and Nimalan Arinaminpathy

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:191

    Content type: Research article

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  36. In the Republic of Congo, hot temperature and seasons distortions observed may impact the development of malaria parasites. We investigate the variation of malaria cases, parasite density and the multiplicity of

    Authors: Pembe Issamou Mayengue, Dezi Kouhounina Batsimba, Roch Fabien Niama, Reyna Ibara Ottia, Alida Malonga-Massanga, Grâce Petula Urielle Fila-Fila, Gabriel Ahombo, Simon Charles Kobawila and Henri Joseph Parra

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:190

    Content type: Research article

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  38. In recent times, Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) has become a serious threat to public health due to its ability to cause severe infection with fatal outcomes. Its unique biology makes it resilient to control measure...

    Authors: Apoorva Venkatesh, Shalini Aggarwal, Swati Kumar, Srushti Rajyaguru, Vipin Kumar, Sheetal Bankar, Jayanthi Shastri, Swati Patankar and Sanjeeva Srivastava

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:188

    Content type: Research article

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  39. After publication of the original article [1], we were notified that there is a mistake in the article note.

    Authors: Katherine Antel, Jenna Oosthuizen, Francois Malherbe, Vernon J. Louw, Mark P. Nicol, Gary Maartens and Estelle Verburgh

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:187

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:33

  40. The presentation of clinical leptospirosis has been historically associated with animal workers, slaughterhouse workers and medical veterinarians. This association has shifted to be related to flooding events ...

    Authors: J. García-Méndez, E. Cervera-Ceballos, D. Atilano-López, S. Arroyo-Escalante, D. Moncada-Barrón, M. Leyva-Leyva, R. Hernández-Castro and E. M. Carrillo-Casas

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:186

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  41. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) arthritis is one of the most detrimental joint diseases known and leads to severe joint destruction within days. We hypothesized that the provision of auxiliary immunoregulation ...

    Authors: Berglind Bergmann, Ying Fei, Pernilla Jirholt, Zhicheng Hu, Maria Bergquist, Abukar Ali, Catharina Lindholm, Olov Ekwall, Guillaume Churlaud, David Klatzmann, Tao Jin and Inger Gjertsson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:185

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health burden, with an estimated quarter of the world’s population being infected. The World Health Organization (WHO) launched the “End TB Strategy” in 2014 emphasising kno...

    Authors: Ana Bonell, Lucie Contamin, Pham Quang Thai, Hoang Thi Thanh Thuy, H. Rogier van Doorn, Richard White, Behzad Nadjm and Marc Choisy

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:184

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. After publication of the original article [1], the authors would like to add a co-author, Dr. Stephen Pan, who contributed sufficiently to this manuscript.

    Authors: Wenting Huang, Dan Wu, Jason J. Ong, M. Kumi Smith, Stephen Pan, Fan Yang, Hongyun Fu, Weiming Tang and Joseph D. Tucker

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:183

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:1057

  45. Hepatitis C virus is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease and liver-related deaths worldwide. The estimated prevalence of chronic hepatitis C viral infection among the general Belgian population ...

    Authors: Dana Busschots, Samira Toghanian, Rob Bielen, Stina Salomonsson, Özgür M. Koc, Greet Hendrickx, Michel Jadoul, Frederik Nevens, Etienne Sokal, Christian Brixko, Kathelijne Peerlinck, Ludwig Apers, Geert Robaeys and Jeffrey V. Lazarus

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:181

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Worldwide, there is limited epidemiologic evidence on the seroprevalence of undiagnosed chronic viral infections including HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among patients wit...

    Authors: Getinet Ayano, Kibrom Haile, Abel Tesfaye, Kelemua Haile, Sileshi Demelash, Mikias Tulu, Belachew Tsegaye, Melat Solomon, Alem Kebede, Aynalem Biru, Habte Birhanu, Gebresilassie Zenawi, Yodit Habtamu, Esias Kibron, Seneshet Eshetu, Meseret Sefiw…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:180

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. The burden of leptospirosis in Indonesia is poorly understood. Data from an observational study conducted from 2013 to 2016 in seven cities across Indonesia was used to estimate the incidence of leptospirosis ...

    Authors: Muhammad Hussein Gasem, Usman Hadi, Bachti Alisjahbana, Emiliana Tjitra, M. M. D. E. A. H. Hapsari, Endang Sri Lestari, Abu Tholib Aman, Dewi Lokida, Gustiani Salim, Herman Kosasih, Ketut Tuti Parwati Merati, Kanti Laras, Mansyur Arif, Nurhayati Lukman, Pratiwi Sudarmono, Vivi Lisdawati…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:179

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. The impacts of genetic polymorphisms on drug resistance mutations (DRMs) among various HIV-1 subtypes have long been debated. In this study, we aimed to analyze the natural polymorphisms and acquired DRM profi...

    Authors: Zesong Sun, Jinming Ouyang, Bin Zhao, Minghui An, Lin Wang, Haibo Ding and Xiaoxu Han

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:178

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Antibiotics are not indicated for treating acute bronchitis cases, yet up to 70% of adult acute bronchitis medical visits in the USA result in an antibiotic prescription. Reducing unnecessary antibiotic prescr...

    Authors: Valerie J. Morley, Emily P. C. Firgens, Rachel R. Vanderbilt, Yanmengqian Zhou, Michelle Zook, Andrew F. Read and Erina L. MacGeorge

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:177

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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