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  1. Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) is common and often leads to unnecessary antimicrobial use. Reducing antibiotic overuse for ABU is therefore an important issue for antimicrobial stewardship. We performed this s...

    Authors: Myung Jin Lee, Moonsuk Kim, Nak-Hyun Kim, Chung-Jong Kim, Kyoung-Ho Song, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Wan Beom Park, Ji Hwan Bang, Eu Suk Kim, Sang Won Park, Nam Joong Kim, Myoung-don Oh and Hong Bin Kim
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:289
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Febrile respiratory illness (FRI) results in substantial burden in semi-closed environments. Tackling risk factors may reduce transmission and infection. However, risk factors involved in one setting may not b...

    Authors: Junxiong Pang, Jing Jin, Jin Phang Loh, Boon Huan Tan, Wee Hong Victor Koh, Sock Hoon Ng, Zheng Jie Marc Ho, Qiuhan Gao, Alex R Cook, Li Yang Hsu, Vernon J Lee and Mark I Cheng Chen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:288
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) is widespread and it is considered a major health problem worldwide. The global distribution of HBV varies significantly between countries and between regions of the world. Am...

    Authors: Umbertina Villano, Alessandra Lo Presti, Michele Equestre, Eleonora Cella, Giulio Pisani, Marta Giovanetti, Roberto Bruni, Elena Tritarelli, Massimo Amicosante, Alba Grifoni, Carmelo Scarcella, Issa El-Hamad, Maria Chiara Pezzoli, Silvia Angeletti, Anna Rita Ciccaglione and Massimo Ciccozzi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:287
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:531

  4. The most common causative agent for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Germany is Puumala virus (PUUV) and a high percentage of patients with PUUV infection have gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The aim o...

    Authors: Daniel Kitterer, Ferruh Artunc, Stephan Segerer, M. Dominik Alscher, Niko Braun and Joerg Latus
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:286
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Herpes zoster (HZ) is a significant cause of morbidity and complications in adult renal transplant recipients. We determined the incidence, complications and risk factors for the development of HZ after renal ...

    Authors: Ioanna D. Pavlopoulou, Stavroula Poulopoulou, Christina Melexopoulou, Ioanna Papazaharia, George Zavos and Ioannis N. Boletis
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:285
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. China has experienced several severe outbreaks of influenza over the past century: 1918, 1957, 1968, and 2009. Influenza itself can be deadly; however, the increase in mortality during an influenza outbreak is...

    Authors: Ronald Caldwell, Craig S. Roberts, Zhijie An, Chieh-I Chen and Bruce Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:284
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with cancer. Gaining a favorable prognosis for these patients depends on selecting the appropriate therapy, which in turn depends on rapid ...

    Authors: Milene Gonçalves Quiles, Liana Carballo Menezes, Karen de Castro Bauab, Elke Kreuscher Gumpl, Talita Trevizani Rocchetti, Flavia Silva Palomo, Fabianne Carlesse and Antonio Carlos Campos Pignatari
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:283
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Households are one of the major settings of influenza transmission in the community and transmission is frequently initiated by school-aged children. We surveyed households with primary school (PS) and/ or jun...

    Authors: Taro Kamigaki, Satoshi Mimura, Yoshihiro Takahashi and Hitoshi Oshitani
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:282
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a type of diffuse interstitial lung disease characterized by the pathology of fibroblastic plugs in the lumens of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar d...

    Authors: In Young Jung, Yong Duk Jeon, Mi-young Ahn, Eunkyong Goag, EunHye Lee, Hea Won Ahn, Jin Young Ahn, Nam Su Ku, June Myung Kim and Jun Yong Choi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:280
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  11. Chronic neuropsychological sequelae may occur in patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The impact of structural abnormalities on the clinical performance of patients with TBM is unknown. This study appli...

    Authors: Hsiu-Ling Chen, Cheng-Hsien Lu, Ching-Di Chang, Pei-Chin Chen, Meng-Hsiang Chen, Nai-Wen Hsu, Kun-Hsien Chou, Wei-Ming Lin, Ching-Po Lin and Wei-Che Lin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:279
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Despite the widespread offer of free HIV testing in France, the proportion of people who have never been tested remains high. The objective of this study was to identify, in men and women separately, the vario...

    Authors: Véronique Massari, Annabelle Lapostolle, Marie-Catherine Grupposo, Rosemary Dray-Spira, Dominique Costagliola and Pierre Chauvin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:278
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. This study aimed to investigate the rate of fluconazole-non-susceptible Cryptococcus neoformans in Southern Taiwan for the period 2001–2012 and analyze the risk factors for acquiring it among patients with invasi...

    Authors: Yi-Chun Chen, Tzu-Yao Chang, Jien-Wei Liu, Fang-Ju Chen, Chun-Chih Chien, Chen-Hsiang Lee and Cheng-Hsien Lu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:277
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Dengue virus (DENV) infection is an emerging arboviral infection in tropical and sub-tropical countries in South-East Asia, the Western Pacific and South and Central America. Secondary DENV infection is the mo...

    Authors: Cucunawangsih, Nata Pratama Hardjo Lugito and Andree Kurniawan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:276
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Both vitamin D deficiency and genetic variants in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been reported to associate with delayed response to intensive-phase therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis. Studies investigating...

    Authors: Kashaf Junaid, Abdul Rehman, Tahir Saeed, David A. Jolliffe, Kristie Wood and Adrian R. Martineau
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:275
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. We sought to evaluate life expectancy and mortality of HIV-positive individuals initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) across Canada, and to consider the potential error introduced by participant ...

    Authors: Sophie Patterson, Angela Cescon, Hasina Samji, Keith Chan, Wendy Zhang, Janet Raboud, Ann N. Burchell, Curtis Cooper, Marina B. Klein, Sean B. Rourke, Mona R. Loutfy, Nima Machouf, Julio S. G. Montaner, Chris Tsoukas and Robert S. Hogg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:274
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Bacterial infections in the genital tract frequently result in morbidity through a variety of inflammation based symptoms. One component of the bacteria that may trigger host inflammatory response is their DNA...

    Authors: Martin Singer, Dewi J de Waaij, Servaas A Morré and Sander Ouburg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:273
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. The remote and indigenous populations of Western Australia (WA) have one of the highest notification rates of gonorrhoea in the world. Despite this, the low rate of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoe...

    Authors: Lyn C. O’Reilly, Namraj Goire, Rachel E. Fisk and David J. Speers
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:272
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is the most common invasive fungal disease in immunocompromised patients, and it has a 30 % mortality rate despite appropriate antifungal therapy. This retrospective stud...

    Authors: Seung Beom Han, Seong koo Kim, Jae Wook Lee, Jong-Seo Yoon, Nack-Gyun Chung, Bin Cho, Dae Chul Jeong, Jin Han Kang, Hack-Ki Kim, Dong-Gun Lee, Hyun Sil Lee and Soo Ah Im
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:271
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Epidemiological and clinical studies in high income countries have suggested that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) may cause anaemia, but evidence is lacking from low income countries.We examined associations betw...

    Authors: Bineyam Taye, Fikre Enquselassie, Aster Tsegaye, Alemayehu Amberbir, Girmay Medhin, Andrew Fogarty, Karen Robinson and Gail Davey
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:270
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (L.) major is endemoepidemic in the Center and South of Tunisia. The clinical course of the disease varies widely among different patients and geographic regi...

    Authors: Rihab Yazidi, Jihene Bettaieb, Wissem Ghawar, Kaouther Jaouadi, Sana Châabane, Amor Zaatour and Afif Ben Salah
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:269
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. At least 1.4 million people are affected globally by nosocomial infections at any one time, the vast majority of these occurring in low-income countries. Most of these infections can be prevented by adopting i...

    Authors: Peter Wasswa, Christine K. Nalwadda, Esther Buregyeya, Sheba N. Gitta, Patrick Anguzu and Fred Nuwaha
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:268
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Hepatitis B is a major health concern in Africa. The vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) was introduced into the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) of Cameroon and Senegal in 2005, and of CAR (Centra...

    Authors: Claudine Bekondi, Roberta Zanchi, Abdoulaye Seck, Benoit Garin, Tamara Giles-Vernick, Jean Chrysotome Gody, Petulla Bata, Angèle Pondy, Suzie Moyo Tetang, Mamadou Ba, Chantal Same Ekobo, Dominique Rousset, Jean-Marie Sire, Sarah Maylin, Loïc Chartier, Richard Njouom…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:267
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. In the last decade, the Streptococcus pneumoniae population has changed, mainly due to the abuse of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic structure of 144 S. pneumonia serotype 14 isolat...

    Authors: Mingming He, Kaihu Yao, Wei Shi, Wei Gao, Lin Yuan, Sangjie Yu and Yonghong Yang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:266
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Nosocomial Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) enteritis is rare but can be fatal unless it is detected at an early stage and treated effectively. Dysbiosis of the gut is one of the leading reasons...

    Authors: Yao Wei, Jianfeng Gong, Weiming Zhu, Dong Guo, Lili Gu, Ning Li and Jieshou Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:265
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Fusobacterium necrophorum is a well-known cause of Lemirre’s disease and accumulating evidence support its pathogenic role in peritonsillar abscess while its role in recurrent and chronic tonsillitis is uncertain...

    Authors: Helena Björk, Lena Bieber, Katarina Hedin and Martin Sundqvist
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:264
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. The commercially available urine LAM strip test, a point-of-care tuberculosis (TB) assay, requires evaluation in a primary care setting where it is most needed. There is currently inadequate data to guide impl...

    Authors: Jonny Peter, Grant Theron, Duncan Chanda, Petra Clowes, Andrea Rachow, Maia Lesosky, Michael Hoelscher, Peter Mwaba, Alex Pym and Keertan Dheda
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:262
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Periodontal diseases may affect local and systemic inflammation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. This systemic health burden could compromise the outcome of pregnancy in expectant mothers. The aim of...

    Authors: Pınar Gümüş, Gülnur Emingil, Veli-Özgen Öztürk, Georgios N. Belibasakis and Nagihan Bostanci
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:261
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Improvements in culture techniques and molecular detection methods have led to findings indicating that, particularly in infants and young children, Kingella kingae is a significantly more important pathogen than...

    Authors: Nicola Principi and Susanna Esposito
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:260
    Content type: Review Published on:

  31. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in Gram-negative organisms is now a major concern in Enterobacteriaceae worldwide. This study determined a point-prevalence and genetic profiles of ESBL-producing isolates a...

    Authors: Muhabat Adeola Raji, Wafaa Jamal, Omoh Ojemeh and Vincent Olubunmi Rotimi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:259
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Type-specific high-risk HPV (hrHPV) infection is related to cervical carcinogenesis. The prevalence of hrHPV infection varies geographically, which might reflect the epidemiological characteristics of cervical...

    Authors: Rong Wang, Xiao-lei Guo, G. Bea. A. Wisman, Ed Schuuring, Wen-feng Wang, Zheng-yu Zeng, Hong Zhu and Shang-wei Wu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:257
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Colonization of patients occurs before development into invasive candidiasis. There is a need to determine the incidences of Candida colonization and infection in SICU patients, and evaluate the usefulness of bet...

    Authors: Yi Xin Liew, Jocelyn Teo, Irene Ai-Ling Too, Cecilia Cheng-Lai Ngan, Ai Ling Tan, Maciej Piotr Chlebicki, Andrea Lay-Hoon Kwa and Winnie Lee
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:256
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The aim of this study was to investigate the colonisation by lactobacilli and clinical outcome in women with bacterial vaginosis (BV) and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (R-VVC) receiving antibiotic or anti...

    Authors: Sonal Pendharkar, Erik Brandsborg, Lennart Hammarström, Harold Marcotte and Per-Göran Larsson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:255
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) remains one of the major hospital acquired infections in the nation, often attributable to increased antibiotic use. Little research, however, exists on the prevalence and im...

    Authors: Monideepa B. Becerra, Benjamin J. Becerra, Jim E. Banta and Nasia Safdar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:254
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. The successful cure of tuberculosis (TB) is dependent on adherence to treatment. Various factors influence adherence, however, few are easily modifiable. There are limited data regarding correlates of psycholo...

    Authors: Grant Theron, Jonny Peter, Lynn Zijenah, Duncan Chanda, Chacha Mangu, Petra Clowes, Andrea Rachow, Maia Lesosky, Michael Hoelscher, Alex Pym, Peter Mwaba, Peter Mason, Pamela Naidoo, Anil Pooran, Hojoon Sohn, Madhukar Pai…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:253
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Retention studies are usually focused on patients on antiretroviral treatment (ART), however in Sub-Saharan Africa many patients get lost to program (LTP) in the pre-ART care period.. We investigated the propo...

    Authors: Barbara Castelnuovo, Joseph Musaazi, Rachel Musomba, Rosalind Parkes Ratanshi and Agnes N. Kiragga
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:252
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. We assessed the diagnostic value of standard clinical methods and combined biomarker testing (galactomannan assay and polymerase chain reaction screening) in a prospective case–control study to detect invasive...

    Authors: Melinda Paholcsek, Gabor Fidler, Jozsef Konya, Laszlo Rejto, Gabor Mehes, Evelin Bukta, Juergen Loeffler and Sandor Biro
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:251
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Scabies is an ancient disease (documented as far back as 2500 years ago). It affects about 300 million people annually worldwide, and the prevalence is as high as about 60 % in Indigenous and Torres Strait Isl...

    Authors: Jackson Thomas, Greg M Peterson, Shelley F Walton, Christine F Carson, Mark Naunton and Kavya E Baby
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:250
    Content type: Correspondence Published on:

  41. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) markedly reduces HIV transmission, and testing and treatment programs have been advocated as a method for decreasing transmission at the population level. Little is known, however,...

    Authors: David Champredon, Steven E Bellan, Wim Delva, Spencer Hunt, Chyun-Fung Shi, Marek Smieja and Jonathan Dushoff
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:249
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. There is universal awareness of the difficulties faced by doctors when prescribing antimicrobials.

    Authors: Eduardo Casaroto, Alexandre R. Marra, Thiago Zinsly Sampaio Camargo, Ana Rita Araújo de Souza, Carlos Eduardo Saldanha de Almeida, Elizia Piassi Pedroti, Elivane da Silva Victor, Oscar Fernando Pavão dos Santos, Michael B. Edmond and Alexandre Holthausen Campos
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:248
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. The purpose of this cohort study was to assess the incidence of positive cultures in section’s osseous slice biopsy (SOB) taken at the level of major limb amputation. In case of positive cultures we sought whe...

    Authors: Danguole Vaznaisiene, Rita Sulcaite, Astra Vitkauskiene, Arturas Spucis, Anatolijus Reingardas, Vytautas Kymantas, Kestutis Balanaska, Rolandas Sleivys, Linas Velicka, Juozas Belickas, Kristina Rysevaite-Kyguoliene, Dainius H. Pauza, Aukse Mickiene and Eric Senneville
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:247
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Retention in HIV care improves survival and reduces the risk of HIV transmission to others. Multiple quantitative studies have described demographic and clinical characteristics associated with retention in HI...

    Authors: Baligh R. Yehia, Leslie Stewart, Florence Momplaisir, Aaloke Mody, Carol W. Holtzman, Lisa M. Jacobs, Janet Hines, Karam Mounzer, Karen Glanz, Joshua P. Metlay and Judy A. Shea
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:246
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Rubella infection has been identified as a leading cause of birth defects commonly known as Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS). Kenya does not currently have a rubella immunization program nor a CRS surveillanc...

    Authors: Ian Njeru, Dickens Onyango, Yusuf Ajack and Elizabeth Kiptoo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:245
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. The aim of this study was to characterize the spread of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) in a tertiary level hospital using ongoing active surveillance with rectal swab cultures. Furthermore, ...

    Authors: Saverio Giuseppe Parisi, Andrea Bartolini, Erica Santacatterina, Elena Castellani, Roberto Ghirardo, Alessandro Berto, Elisa Franchin, Nicola Menegotto, Ettore De Canale, Tiziana Tommasini, Roberto Rinaldi, Monica Basso, Stefania Stefani and Giorgio Palù
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:244
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Colonization by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has been found to be markedly more common in HIV-infected individuals in the USA. Studies evaluating the prevalence MRSA ...

    Authors: Arkaitz Imaz, Mariana Camoez, Silvana Di Yacovo, Oriol Gasch, M Angeles Dominguez, Antonia Vila, Margarita Maso-Serra, Miquel Pujol and Daniel Podzamczer
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:243
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The current Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa is the largest in history. As of February 18th 2015, 23,258 cases of EVD have been cumulatively reported from Nigeria, Senegal, Guinea, Liberia, Mali,...

    Authors: Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Brandon Brown, Bridget Haire, Aminu Yakubu, Kristin Peterson and Jemee Tegli
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:242
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  49. Outbreaks of low and high pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI, HPAI) H5N2 in chickens have occurred in Taiwan since 2003 and 2012, respectively. Fully understanding the different awareness, attitudes and protecti...

    Authors: Ming-Der Liu, Ta-Chien Chan, Cho-Hua Wan, Hsiu-Ping Lin, Tsung-Hua Tung, Fu-Chang Hu and Chwan-Chuen King
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:241
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Helcococcus kunzii is a facultative anaerobic bacterium that was first described by Collins et al. in 1993, and was initially considered as a commensal of the human skin, in particular of lower extremities. Human...

    Authors: Romain Lotte, Laurène Lotte, Nicolas Degand, Alice Gaudart, Sylvie Gabriel, Mouna Ben H’dech, Mathilde Blois, Jean-Paul Rinaldi and Raymond Ruimy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:238
    Content type: Case report Published on:

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