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  1. Hepatitis C virus infection is highly prevalent among people who inject drugs. Opioid substitution therapy, the standard treatment for opioid dependence, provides an excellent opportunity for the treatment of ...

    Authors: Lisa Strada, Bernd Schulte, Christiane Sybille Schmidt, Uwe Verthein, Peter Cremer-Schaeffer, Sabine Krückeberg and Jens Reimer
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:563
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  2. HIV infection, with an estimated prevalence be between 2 and 50 times those of the general adult population is a major health challenge for prison authorities worldwide. Since no nationwide surveillance system...

    Authors: R. Monarca, G. Madeddu, R. Ranieri, S. Carbonara, G. Leo, M. Sardo, F. Choroma, S. Casari, D. Marri, A. A. Muredda, F. A. Nava and S. Babudieri
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:562
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Gay and bisexual men (GBM) are a major risk group for HIV acquisition, yet the majority of higher-risk GBM test for HIV less often than recommended (3–6 monthly). HIV self-testing has the potential to increase...

    Authors: Muhammad S. Jamil, Garrett Prestage, Christopher K. Fairley, Kirsty S. Smith, John M. Kaldor, Andrew E. Grulich, Anna M. McNulty, Marcus Chen, Martin Holt, Damian P. Conway, Handan Wand, Phillip Keen, Colin Batrouney, Jack Bradley, Benjamin R. Bavinton, Dermot Ryan…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:561
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  4. China is an endemic area for hepatitis E virus (HEV). The previous surveys of anti-HEV seroprevalence are cross-sectional. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection among pregnant women and t...

    Authors: Guangyu Gu, Hongyu Huang, Le Zhang, Yongchun Bi, Yali Hu and Yi-Hua Zhou
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:560
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Colistin-resistant/carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is a significant challenge for antibiotic treatment and infection control policies. Since 2012, in Central Greece an increase of colistin/pan- resis...

    Authors: O. Oikonomou, S. Sarrou, C. C. Papagiannitsis, S. Georgiadou, K. Mantzarlis, E. Zakynthinos, G. N. Dalekos and E. Petinaki
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:559
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Plasmodium vivax malaria is a major cause of morbidity and recognised as an important contributor to mortality in some endemic areas. The current recommended treatment regimen for the ...

    Authors:
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:558
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  7. Our objective was to assess the predictive value of the changes of liver stiffness (LS) for clinical outcome in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with compensated liver cirrhosis and a LS value < 40 kPa.

    Authors: Nicolás Merchante, Francisco Téllez, Antonio Rivero-Juárez, Maria José Ríos-Villegas, Dolores Merino, Manuel Márquez-Solero, Mohamed Omar, Eva Recio, Montserrat Pérez-Pérez, Ángela Camacho, Sara Macías-Dorado, Juan Macías, Sandra Lorenzo-Moncada, Antonio Rivero and Juan A. Pineda
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:557
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Cytokine response against hepatitis C virus (HCV) is likely to determine the natural course of infection as well as the outcome of antiviral treatment. However, the role of particular cytokines remains unclear...

    Authors: Joanna Jabłońska, Tomasz Pawłowski, Tomasz Laskus, Małgorzata Zalewska, Małgorzata Inglot, Sylwia Osowska, Karol Perlejewski, Iwona Bukowska-Ośko, Kamila Caraballo Cortes, Agnieszka Pawełczyk, Piotr Ząbek and Marek Radkowski
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:556
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:104

  9. Severe falciparum malaria may be complicated by prolonged haemolysis and recurrent fever after parasite clearance. However, their respective etiologies are unclear and challenging to diagnose. We report the fi...

    Authors: Katherine Plewes, Richard J. Maude, Aniruddha Ghose and Arjen M. Dondorp
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:555
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  10. Pertussis diagnosis may go unrecognized when other pathogens, such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) circulate.

    Authors: Ivana Pavic-Espinoza, Sandy Bendezú-Medina, Angella Herrera-Alzamora, Pablo Weilg, María J. Pons, Miguel Angel Aguilar-Luis, Verónica Petrozzi-Helasvuo and Juana del Valle Mendoza
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:554
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. International guidelines and U.S. guidelines prior to 2012 only recommended testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among patients at risk, but adherence to guidelines is poor, and the majority of those ...

    Authors: William N. Southern, Brianna Norton, Meredith Steinman, Joseph DeLuca, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Bryce D. Smith and Alain H. Litwin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:553
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Periodontal disease is a less common but important cause of septic pulmonary embolism (SPE). However, the pathogens causing periodontal disease-associated SPE (PD-SPE) have been poorly understood. Actinomyces spe...

    Authors: Shun Endo, Eikan Mishima, Yoichi Takeuchi, Takashi Ohi, Masatsugu Ishida, Masaru Yanai, Hideyasu Kiyomoto, Tasuku Nagasawa and Sadayoshi Ito
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:552
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  13. In England, Public Health England conducts enhanced surveillance of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). The continuing decline in reported IMD cases has raised concerns that the MRU may be underestimating tr...

    Authors: Shamez N Ladhani, Pauline A Waight, Sonia Ribeiro and Mary E Ramsay
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:551
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) remains high among Chinese Uygurs (a long-dwelling ethnic minority in Xinjiang) in China and the variants in IL-23R likely contribute to individual’s diversity in host response ...

    Authors: Daobin Jiang, Atikaimu Wubuli, Xin Hu, Syed Ikramullah, Abudoujilili Maimaiti, Wenbao Zhang and Qimanguli Wushouer
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:550
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. High quality of surveillance systems for surgical site infections (SSIs) is the key to their usefulness. The Norwegian Surveillance System for Antibiotic Consumption and Healthcare-Associated Infections (NOIS)...

    Authors: Hege Line Løwer, Hanne-Merete Eriksen, Preben Aavitsland and Finn Egil Skjeldestad
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:549
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Rapid tests (RTs) might have several advantages over standard laboratory procedures, increasing access to diagnosis, especially among vulnerable populations and/or those living in remote areas. The aim of this...

    Authors: Helena Medina Cruz, Leticia de Paula Scalioni, Vanessa Salete de Paula, Elisangela Ferreira da Silva, Kycia Maria Rodrigues do Ó, Flavio Augusto Pádua Milagres, Marcelo Santos Cruz, Francisco Inácio Bastos, Priscila Pollo-Flores, Erotildes Leal, Ana Rita Coimbra Motta-Castro, José Henrique Pilotto, Lia Laura Lewis-Ximenez, Elisabeth Lampe and Livia Melo Villar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:548
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Cardiovascular parameters can be impaired by repeated infections with P. falciparum. This study aimed at investigating the influence of gametocyte carriage on; the prevalence of fever and splenomegaly, blood pres...

    Authors: Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele, Orelien S. Mtopi Bopda, Helen Kuokuo Kimbi, Teh Rene Ning and Theresa Nkuo-Akenji
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:547
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. In patients who are not amenable to surgical resection (cavernostomy), it is difficult to achieve palliation of hemoptysis from pulmonary aspergilloma. There are only 9 cases with a short follow-up that have r...

    Authors: Lucas G Sapienza, Maria José L Gomes, Carmelindo Maliska and Antonio N Norberg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:546
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. During the last decade the resistance rate of urinary Escherichia coli (E. coli) to fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin has increased. Systematic reviews of studies investigating ciprofloxacin resistance in co...

    Authors: Oyebola Fasugba, Anne Gardner, Brett G. Mitchell and George Mnatzaganian
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:545
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Identification of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in cervical tissue is important for understanding cervical carcinogenesis and for evaluating cervical cancer prevention approaches. However, HPV genotyping usin...

    Authors: Felipe A. Castro, Jill Koshiol, Wim Quint, Cosette M. Wheeler, Maura L. Gillison, Laurence M. Vaughan, Bernhard Kleter, Leen-Jan van Doorn, Anil K. Chaturvedi, Allan Hildesheim, Mark Schiffman, Sophia S. Wang, Rosemary E. Zuna, Joan L. Walker, S. Terence Dunn and Nicolas Wentzensen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:544
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a dermal complication of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), which may occur after or during treatment. It has been frequently reported from India and the Sudan, but its ...

    Authors: Maria Angela Bianconcini Trindade, Lana Luiza da Cruz Silva, Lucia Maria Almeida Braz, Valdir Sabbaga Amato, Bernard Naafs and Mirian Nacagami Sotto
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:543
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  23. Health-care workers’ (HCWs) exposure to bodily fluids puts them at risk of hepatitis B virus HBV infection. This study investigated HBV vaccination practices and outcomes in HCWs and assessed postvaccination s...

    Authors: Yu-Bao Zheng, Yu-Rong Gu, Min Zhang, Ke Wang, Zhan-lian Huang, Chao-Shuang Lin and Zhi-Liang Gao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:542
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. The rate of spontaneous regression in CIN III lesions is controversial. Whereas some studies have reported high regression rates of up to 38 % after prolonged biopsy-conus intervals, others have shown rates be...

    Authors: Melodi Motamedi, Gerd Böhmer, Heinrich H. Neumann and Reinhard von Wasielewski
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:541
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is an important cause of gastroenteritis in Japan. Although non-O157 EHEC infections have been increasingly reported worldwide, their impact on children has not been well...

    Authors: Atsuhiro Kanayama, Yuichiro Yahata, Yuzo Arima, Takuri Takahashi, Takehito Saitoh, Kazuhiko Kanou, Kunio Kawabata, Tomimasa Sunagawa, Tamano Matsui and Kazunori Oishi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:539
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Geographic and sociodemographic characterization of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission amongst men who have sex with men (MSM) has been limited. Our aim was to characterize HCV prevalence, risk factors for H...

    Authors: Kara W. Chew, Martha L. Blum, Marjan Javanbakht, Laurel E. Clare, Lorelei D. Bornfleth, Robert Bolan, Debika Bhattacharya and Pamina M. Gorbach
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:538
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) is a proven treatment strategy for opioid dependent patients. Although studies have demonstrated that MMT increases contact with the medical system and improves adherence to...

    Authors: Paxton Bach, Evan Wood, Huiru Dong, Silvia Guillemi, Thomas Kerr, Julio Montaner and M-J Milloy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:537
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. The implementation of collaborative TB-HIV services is challenging. We, therefore, assessed TB treatment outcomes in relation to HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) among TB patients attending a pri...

    Authors: Mweete D. Nglazi, Linda-Gail Bekker, Robin Wood and Richard Kaplan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:536
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Neoscytalidium species (formerly Scytalidium species) are black fungi that usually cause cutaneous infections mimicking dermatophytes lesions. Very few publications have reported invas...

    Authors: Simon Garinet, Jérôme Tourret, Stéphane Barete, Nadia Arzouk, Isabelle Meyer, Camille Frances, Annick Datry, Dominique Mazier, Benoit Barrou and Arnaud Fekkar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:535
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  31. Pertussis is believed to be widely underreported and under-recognized, particularly among adults. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of private practitioner-attended cough illness that could b...

    Authors: Cristina Masseria and Girishanthy Krishnarajah
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:534
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:181

  32. Anorectal and pharyngeal infections with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrheae (NG) are commonly observed in men who have sex with men (MSM). There is increasing evidence that such infections at ext...

    Authors: Nicole H. T. M. Dukers-Muijrers, Julius Schachter, Genevieve A. F. S. van Liere, Petra F. G. Wolffs and Christian J. P. A. Hoebe
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:533
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  33. Trichophyton rubrum (T.rubrum) caused onychomycosis is the most common nail fungal disease. The common diagnostic methods are direct microscopic examination and fungal culture. In this...

    Authors: Xueping Yue, Qing Li, Hongwei Wang, Yilin Sun, Aiping Wang, Qi Zhang and Cuiping Zhang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:532
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Authors: Umbertina Villano, Alessandra Lo Presti, Michele Equestre, Eleonora Cella, Giulio Pisani, Marta Giovanetti, Roberto Bruni, Elena Tritarelli, Massimo Amicosante, Alba Grifoni, Carmelo Scarcella, Issa El-Hamad, Maria Chiara Pezzoli, Silvia Angeletti, Anna Rita Ciccaglione and Massimo Ciccozzi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:531
    Content type: Erratum Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:287

  35. The local immune responses to chronic echinococcal infections in various organs are largely unknown. Since the liver is the most frequently involved organ in such infections in human we aimed to characterize t...

    Authors: A. Vatankhah, J. Halász, V. Piurkó, T. Barbai, E. Rásó and J. Tímár
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:530
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. The merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) gene encodes the major surface antigen of invasive forms of the Plasmodium erythrocytic stages and is considered a candidate vaccine antigen against malaria. Due to its poly...

    Authors: Lilian O. Guimarães, Gerhard Wunderlich, João M. P. Alves, Marina G. Bueno, Fabio Röhe, José L. Catão-Dias, Amanda Neves, Rosely S. Malafronte, Izilda Curado, Wilson Domingues and Karin Kirchgatter
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:529
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. In this study, the prevalence of HIV-1 CRF01_AE intrasubtype recombinants in China is estimated and their contributions to the epidemic are explored.

    Authors: Lei Jia, Tao Gui, Lin Li, Siyang Liu, Hanping Li, Zuoyi Bao, Xiaolin Wang, Daomin Zhuang, Tianyi Li, Jingwan Han, Yongjian Liu and Jingyun Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:528
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Leprosy remains an important public health problem in some specific high-burden pockets areas, including the Brazilian Amazon region, where it is hyperendemic among children.

    Authors: Josafá Gonçalves Barreto, Donal Bisanzio, Marco Andrey Cipriani Frade, Tania Mara Pires Moraes, Angélica Rita Gobbo, Layana de Souza Guimarães, Moisés Batista da Silva, Gonzalo M. Vazquez-Prokopec, John Stewart Spencer, Uriel Kitron and Claudio Guedes Salgado
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:527
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Bangladesh is one of the 27 high burden countries for multidrug resistant tuberculosis listed by the World Health Organization. Delay in multidrug resistant tuberculosis treatment may allow progression of the ...

    Authors: Mahfuza Rifat, John Hall, Christopher Oldmeadow, Ashaque Husain and Abul Hasnat Milton
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:526
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. The incidence of Penicillium marneffei infection has recently increased. This fungus can cause fatal systemic mycosis in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients without HIV infection.

    Authors: Ye Qiu, Haifei Liao, Jianquan Zhang, Xiaoning Zhong, Caimei Tan and Decheng Lu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:525
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Non-B subtypes account for at least 50 % of HIV-1 infections diagnosed in Belgium and Luxembourg. They are considered to be acquired through heterosexual contacts and infect primarily individuals of foreign or...

    Authors: Kenny Dauwe, Virginie Mortier, Marlies Schauvliege, Annelies Van Den Heuvel, Katrien Fransen, Jean-Yves Servais, Danielle Perez Bercoff, Carole Seguin-Devaux and Chris Verhofstede
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:524
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Widal test, which has poor predictive outcomes in predominant typhoid population, is not standard enough to predict accurate diagnosis. This study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy of Widal test to ELISA...

    Authors: Anurag Adhikari, Ramanuj Rauniyar, Pramod Prasad Raut, Krishna Das Manandhar and Birendra Prasad Gupta
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:523
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Transmission of respiratory pathogens in a population depends on the contact network patterns of individuals. To accurately understand and explain epidemic behaviour information on contact networks is required...

    Authors: Mart L. Stein, Peter G. M. van der Heijden, Vincent Buskens, Jim E. van Steenbergen, Linus Bengtsson, Carl E. Koppeschaar, Anna Thorson and Mirjam E. E. Kretzschmar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:522
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important hospital-acquired pathogen in healthcare facilities that frequently causes bacteraemia and ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care uni...

    Authors: Michelle Lowings, Marthie Magdaleen Ehlers, Andries William Dreyer and Marleen Magdalena Kock
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:521
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Adolescents have gained increased attention because they are the only age group where HIV related mortality is going up. We set out to describe the level and factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral...

    Authors: Nicolette Nabukeera-Barungi, Peter Elyanu, Barbara Asire, Cordelia Katureebe, Ivan Lukabwe, Eleanor Namusoke, Joshua Musinguzi, Lynn Atuyambe and Nathan Tumwesigye
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:520
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular protozoan parasite able to infect a wide range of hosts, including humans. Congenital infection can cause severe damage to the fetus. Thus...

    Authors: Ana Carolina de Morais Oliveira, Hellen Dayane Silva Borges, Fernando Reis Carvalho, Arlindo Gomes de Macêdo Jr., Caroline Martins Mota, Angela Maria de Morais Oliveira, Fernanda Maria Santiago, Cristina Guimarães Arantes Araújo, Deise Aparecida de Oliveira Silva, Tiago Wilson Patriarca Mineo, Vânia Olivetti Steffen Abdallah and José Roberto Mineo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:519
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Dengue is the most widespread mosquito-borne viral disease of public health concern. In some patients, endothelial cell and platelet dysfunction lead to life-threatening hemorrhagic dengue fever or dengue shoc...

    Authors: Romain Fragnoud, Marie Flamand, Frederic Reynier, Philippe Buchy, Vasna Duong, Alexandre Pachot, Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala and Frederic Bedin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:518
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The National AIDS Control Organization of India has been providing free second line antiretroviral therapy (ART) since 2008. This observational study reports the survival and virologic suppression of patients ...

    Authors: Jaya Chakravarty, Shyam Sundar, Ankita Chourasia, Pallav Narayan Singh, Swarali Kurle, Srikanth P. Tripathy, Devidas N Chaturbhuj, Madhukar Rai, Amit Kumar Agarwal, Rabindra Nath Mishra and Ramesh S. Paranjape
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:517
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. The epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has changed over the past decades with the emergence of highly virulent strains. The role of asymptomatic C. difficile colonization as part of the clinica...

    Authors: Luis Furuya-Kanamori, John Marquess, Laith Yakob, Thomas V. Riley, David L. Paterson, Niki F. Foster, Charlotte A. Huber and Archie C. A. Clements
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:516
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Globally, pneumonia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, with the highest burden experienced in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. However, there is a dearth of information on the etiology of...

    Authors: Adamou Lagare, Halima Boubacar Maïnassara, Bassira Issaka, Ali Sidiki and Stefano Tempia
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:515
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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