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  1. Since the novel coronavirus disease outbreak, over 179.7 million people have been infected by SARS-CoV-2 worldwide, including the population living in dengue-endemic regions, particularly Latin America and Sou...

    Authors: Heidi Luise Schulte, José Diego Brito-Sousa, Marcus Vinicius Guimarães Lacerda, Luciana Ansaneli Naves, Eliana Teles de Gois, Mariana Sirimarco Fernandes, Valéria Paes Lima, Carlos Henrique Reis Esselin Rassi, Clara Correia de Siracusa, Lizandra Moura Paravidine Sasaki, Selma Regina Penha Silva Cerqueira, Cleandro Pires de Albuquerque, Ana Paula Monteiro Gomides Reis, Ciro Martins Gomes, Patricia Shu Kurizky, Licia Maria Henrique da Mota…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:727
  2. Despite efforts to stop HIV epidemic in Latin America, new HIV cases continue to increase in the region especially among young MSM (YMSM). This study aims to assess if sociodemographic characteristics are asso...

    Authors: Thiago S. Torres, Lara E. Coelho, Kelika A. Konda, E. Hamid Vega-Ramirez, Oliver A. Elorreaga, Dulce Diaz-Sosa, Brenda Hoagland, Cristina Pimenta, Marcos Benedetti, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Carlos F. Caceres and Valdilea G. Veloso
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:726
  3. Patients’ failure to adhere to TB treatment was a major challenge that leads to poor treatment outcomes. In Ethiopia, TB treatment success was low as compared with the global threshold. Despite various studies...

    Authors: Kassahun Dessie Gashu, Kassahun Alemu Gelaye and Binyam Tilahun
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:725
  4. Managing HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) can become challenging in the presence of concurrent unusual central nervous system infections.

    Authors: Newton Kalata, Jayne Ellis, Laura Benjamin, Samuel Kampondeni, Peter Chiodini, Thomas Harrison, David G. Lalloo and Robert S. Heyderman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:724
  5. Fatal hemorrhagic pneumonia is one of the most severe manifestations of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (SM) infections. Here, we aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of SM bacteremia and to identify...

    Authors: Lixia Zhu, Lulu Wang, Yuping Zhang, Rongrong Chen, Xueying Li, Jianai Sun, De Zhou, Mingyu Zhu, Xiaolong Zheng, Li Li, Jingjing Zhu, Mixue Xie, Xiudi Yang, Wenjuan Yu, Hongyan Tong, Honghu Zhu…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:723
  6. Human intestinal spirochetosis (HIS) is an infectious disease of large intestines caused by Brachyspira species, and most HIS cases are asymptomatic or exhibit mild intestinal symptoms. The host reaction to HIS r...

    Authors: Sho Ogata, Ken Shimizu, Susumu Tominaga and Susumu Matsukuma
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:721
  7. Brucellosis is a common zoonotic disease that is prevalent in many areas worldwide. This infectious disease can occasionally affect the central nervous system but intracranial arteries are rarely involved.

    Authors: Yanyan Guan, Nannan Xu, Yongyuan Yao, Feng Zheng, Fengzhe Chen, Wei Wang, Xiaomeng Dong and Gang Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:720
  8. COVID-19 has affected almost every country in the world, especially in terms of health system capacity and economic burden. People from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) often face interaction between human immunodefic...

    Authors: Nandu Goswami, Per Morten Fredriksen, Knut E. A. Lundin, Chidozie Agu, Simiat Olanike Elias, Keolebogile Shirley Motaung, Bianca Brix, Gerhard Cvirn, Harald Sourij, Evelyn Stelzl, Harald H. Kessler, Adam Saloň and Benedicta Nkeh-Chungag
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:719

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2024 24:207

  9. Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the key public health problems in Africa. Due to multifaceted challenges, its burden is poorly described in informal settlements. We describe tuberculosis mortality in two info...

    Authors: Judy Gichuki and Donnie Mategula
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:718
  10. Although age, obesity and pre-existing chronic diseases are established risk factors for COVID-19 outcomes, their interactions have not been well researched.

    Authors: Thomas Yates, Francesco Zaccardi, Nazrul Islam, Cameron Razieh, Clare L. Gillies, Claire A. Lawson, Yogini Chudasama, Alex Rowlands, Melanie J. Davies, Annemarie B. Docherty, Peter J. M. Openshaw, J. Kenneth Baillie, Malcolm G. Semple and Kamlesh Khunti
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:717
  11. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major global public health problem worldwide; in endemic areas, mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HBV is the most common transmission route. Previous studies have shown t...

    Authors: Zhenyan Han, Yuan Zhang, Jin Zhou, Qingqing Wang, Yonghua Huang and Hongying Hou
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:716
  12. Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) conjugate vaccine was introduced in France in 1992 as a 3 + 1 scheme at 2, 3, and 4 months (primary vaccination) with a booster at the age of 16–18 months. The vaccination ...

    Authors: Eva Hong, Aude Terrade, Mélanie Denizon, Myriam Aouiti-Trabelsi, Michaël Falguières, Muhamed-Kheir Taha and Ala-Eddine Deghmane
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:715
  13. Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) for blood screening has been previously performed in some countries to determine NAT yields. The current study sought to explore the non-discriminating reactive NAT yie...

    Authors: Danxiao Wu, Xiaojuan Wang, Fangjun Feng, Dairong Wang, Yiqin Hu, Yang Yu, Jihong Huang, Min Wang, Jie Dong, Yaling Wu, Hong Zhu and Faming Zhu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:714
  14. In addition to rotavirus and norovirus, human adenovirus (HAdV) and classic human astrovirus (classic HAstV) are important pathogens of acute diarrhea in infants and young children. Here, we present the molecu...

    Authors: Lijuan Lu, Huaqing Zhong, Menghua Xu, Liyun Su, Lingfeng Cao, Ran Jia and Jin Xu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:713
  15. The COVID-19 pandemic has severely disrupted supply chains for many types of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), particularly surgical N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs; “masks”). As a consequence, an...

    Authors: Deborah Plana, Enze Tian, Avilash K. Cramer, Helen Yang, Mary M. Carmack, Michael S. Sinha, Florence T. Bourgeois, Sherry H. Yu, Peter Masse, Jon Boyer, Minjune Kim, Jinhan Mo, Nicole R. LeBoeuf, Ju Li and Peter K. Sorger
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:712
  16. Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in the context of HIV co-infection remains challenging. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and neopterin have been validated as potential biomarkers for TB diagnosis. Latent TB infection (LTBI...

    Authors: Esther Uwimaana, Bernard S. Bagaya, Barbara Castelnuovo, David P. Kateete, Anguzu Godwin, Noah Kiwanuka, Christopher C. Whalen and Moses L. Joloba
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:711
  17. Scientists across disciplines, policymakers, and journalists have voiced frustration at the unprecedented polarization and misinformation around coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Several false dich...

    Authors: Kevin Escandón, Angela L. Rasmussen, Isaac I. Bogoch, Eleanor J. Murray, Karina Escandón, Saskia V. Popescu and Jason Kindrachuk
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:710
  18. The current emergence of multi-drug resistance among nosocomial pathogens has led to increased use of last-resort agents including Tigecycline (TGC). Availability of reliable methods for testing TGC susceptibi...

    Authors: Sima Babaei and Mehri Haeili
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:709
  19. Prevalence data on viral hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and HIV infection in prison are often scarce or outdated. There is currently no systematic screening for these blood-borne viral infections (BBV) ...

    Authors: Dana Busschots, Cécile Kremer, Rob Bielen, Özgür M. Koc, Leen Heyens, Christian Brixko, Pierre Laukens, Hans Orlent, Pascal Bilaey, Francis De Smet, Geert Hellemans, Gaetan Muyldermans, Luk Van Baelen, Niel Hens, Hans Van Vlierberghe and Geert Robaeys
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:708
  20. The main strategy to contain the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic remains to implement a comprehensive testing, tracing and quarantining strategy until vaccination of the population is adequate. Scent dogs could su...

    Authors: Paula Jendrny, Friederike Twele, Sebastian Meller, Claudia Schulz, Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede, Albertus Dominicus Marcellinus Eras Osterhaus, Hans Ebbers, Janek Ebbers, Veronika Pilchová, Isabell Pink, Tobias Welte, Michael Peter Manns, Anahita Fathi, Marylyn Martina Addo, Christiane Ernst, Wencke Schäfer…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:707
  21. The type of pneumonia that is caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread across the world in a pandemic. It is not clear if COVID-19 patients have any lower urinary tract signs or symptoms.

    Authors: Aida Javan Balegh Marand, Christian Bach, Dick Janssen, John Heesakkers, Morteza Ghojazadeh, Thomas Alexander Vögeli, Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr, Hadi Mostafae, Sakineh Hajebrahimi and Mohammad Sajjad Rahnama’i
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:706
  22. A better understanding of the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in primary care is needed for policymakers to make informed decisions regarding new preventive measures and treatments. The ...

    Authors: J. J. G. T. van Summeren, C. Rizzo, M. Hooiveld, J. C. Korevaar, J. M. T. Hendriksen, M. L. A. Dückers, D. Loconsole, M. Chironna, M. Bangert, C. Demont, A. Meijer, S. Caini, E. Pandolfi and J. Paget
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:705
  23. The co-circulation of types of arbovirus in areas where they are endemic increased the risk of outbreaks and limited the diagnostic methods available. Here, we analyze the epidemiological profile of DENV, CHIK...

    Authors: Magaly Lima Mota, Robson dos Santos Souza Marinho, Rodrigo Lopes Sanz Duro, James Hunter, Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes, João Marcos Ferreira de Lima Silva, Glaubervânio Leite Tavares Pereira, Ester Cerdeira Sabino, Anete Grumach, Ricardo Sobhie Diaz, Maria do Socorro Lucena and Shirley Vasconcelos Komninakis
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:704
  24. Lower respiratory tract infections continue to contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality across all age groups globally. In sub-Saharan Africa, many studies of community acquired pneumonia in adults ...

    Authors: Jamila Nambafu, Mary Achakolong, Fridah Mwendwa, Jumaa Bwika, Felix Riunga, Samuel Gitau, Hanika Patel and Rodney D. Adam
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:703
  25. Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) lesion microenvironment (LME) is crucial site where parasite-host interactions happen and of great significance during surgery and obtaining liver samples for basic research. Howev...

    Authors: Abudusalamu Aini, Maiweilidan Yimingjiang, Aimaiti Yasen, Bo Ran, Tiemin Jiang, Xiaohong Li, Jian Wang, Abuduaini Abulizi, Zhide Li, Yingmei Shao, Tuerganaili Aji and Hao Wen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:702
  26. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most frequent chronic and inflammatory skin condition. AD is characterized by damaged epidermal barrier, xerosis and pruritus of eczematous skin lesions which tend to flare...

    Authors: Helena Masiuk, Aleksandra Wcisłek and Joanna Jursa-Kulesza
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:701
  27. Predicting hospital length of stay (LoS) for patients with COVID-19 infection is essential to ensure that adequate bed capacity can be provided without unnecessarily restricting care for patients with other co...

    Authors: Bindu Vekaria, Christopher Overton, Arkadiusz Wiśniowski, Shazaad Ahmad, Andrea Aparicio-Castro, Jacob Curran-Sebastian, Jane Eddleston, Neil A Hanley, Thomas House, Jihye Kim, Wendy Olsen, Maria Pampaka, Lorenzo Pellis, Diego Perez Ruiz, John Schofield, Nick Shryane…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:700
  28. Methadone therapy clinics have been recently introduced in Tanzania, aiming at reducing risk behaviors and infection rates of viral hepatitis and HIV among people who use drugs. The objective of this study was...

    Authors: Semvua B. Kilonzo, Daniel W. Gunda, David C. Majinge, Hyasinta Jaka, Paulina M. Manyiri, Fredrick Kalokola, Grahame Mtui, Elichilia R. Shao, Fatma A. Bakshi and Alex Stephano
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:699
  29. The incidence and prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) are reportedly increasing in many parts of the world. However, there are few published data on NTM-PD-related death. Usi...

    Authors: Goh Tanaka, Taisuke Jo, Hiroyuki Tamiya, Yukiyo Sakamoto, Wakae Hasegawa, Hiroki Matsui, Kiyohide Fushimi, Hideo Yasunaga and Takahide Nagase
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:698
  30. The progress of diagnostic strategies and molecular methods improved the detection of Kingella kingae in bone and joint infections, and now, Kingella kingae is being increasingly recognized as the most frequent c...

    Authors: Kaoutar Moutaouakkil, Bouchra Oumokhtar, Hicham Abdellaoui, Samira El Fakir, Btissam Arhoune, Mustapha Mahmoud, Karima Atarraf and Moulay Abderrahmane Afifi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:697
  31. Waterborne outbreaks are still a risk in high-income countries, and their early detection is crucial to limit their societal consequences. Although syndromic surveillance is widely used for the purpose of dete...

    Authors: Susanne Hyllestad, Ettore Amato, Karin Nygård, Line Vold and Preben Aavitsland
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:696

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2022 22:31

  32. Support groups for people living with HIV (PLWH) may improve HIV care adherence and outcomes. We assessed the impact of support group attendance on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and viral suppression ...

    Authors: Prudence Mbah, Michael Iroezindu, Allahna L. Esber, Nicole Dear, Domonique Reed, Yakubu Adamu, Abdulwasiu Bolaji Tiamiyu, Samirah Sani Mohammed, Hannah Kibuuka, Jonah Maswai, John Owuoth, Emmanuel Bahemana, Julie A. Ake, Christina S. Polyak and Trevor A. Crowell
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:694
  33. Nosocomial infections (NIs) are an important cause of mortality, and increasing evidence reveals that the prevalence of NIs can be reduced through effective prevention and control measures. The aim of this stu...

    Authors: Chunmei Su, Zhiqin Zhang, Xu Zhao, Hanlin Peng, Yi Hong, Lili Huang, Jie Huang, Xiangming Yan, Shuiyan Wu and Zhenjiang Bai
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:693
  34. Authors: Abduzhappar Gaipov, Arnur Gusmanov, Anara Abbay, Yesbolat Sakko, Alpamys Issanov, Kainar Kadyrzhanuly, Zhanar Yermakhanova, Lazzat Aliyeva, Ardak Kashkynbayev, Iklas Moldaliyev, Byron Crape and Antonio Sarria-Santamera
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:692

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:458

  35. Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a neglected tropical gynaecological disease that affects millions of women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). FGS is caused by Schistosoma haematobium, a parasitic carcinogen inv...

    Authors: H. Rafferty, A. S. Sturt, C. R. Phiri, E. L. Webb, M. Mudenda, J. Mapani, P. L. A. M. Corstjens, G. J. van Dam, A. Schaap, H. Ayles, R. J. Hayes, L. van Lieshout, I. Hansingo and A. L. Bustinduy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:691
  36. Infective endocarditis (IE) is diagnosed in 7–8% of streptococcal bloodstream infections (BSIs), yet it is unclear when to perform transthoracic (TTE) and transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) according to d...

    Authors: Sandra Chamat-Hedemand, Niels Eske Bruun, Lauge Østergaard, Magnus Arpi, Emil Fosbøl, Jonas Boel, Louise Bruun Oestergaard, Trine K. Lauridsen, Gunnar Gislason, Christian Torp-Pedersen and Anders Dahl
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:689
  37. Being able to use COVID-19 RT-PCR Ct values as simple clinical markers of disease outcome or prognosis would allow for the easy and proactive identification and triaging of high-risk cases. This study’s object...

    Authors: Abdulkarim Abdulrahman, Saad I. Mallah and Manaf Alqahtani
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:688
  38. COVID-19 can occur asymptomatically, as influenza-like illness, or as more severe forms, which characterize severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Its mortality rate is higher in individuals over 80 years o...

    Authors: Marcella Cini Oliveira, Tatiana de Araujo Eleuterio, Allan Bruno de Andrade Corrêa, Lucas Dalsenter Romano da Silva, Renata Coelho Rodrigues, Bruna Andrade de Oliveira, Marlos Melo Martins, Carlos Eduardo Raymundo and Roberto de Andrade Medronho
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:687

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:728

  39. Associations between community-level risk factors and COVID-19 incidence have been used to identify vulnerable subpopulations and target interventions, but the variability of these associations over time remai...

    Authors: Koen F. Tieskens, Prasad Patil, Jonathan I. Levy, Paige Brochu, Kevin J. Lane, M. Patricia Fabian, Fei Carnes, Beth M. Haley, Keith R. Spangler and Jessica H. Leibler
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:686
  40. Mechanical ventilation (MV) is often applied in critically ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU) to protect the airway from aspiration, and supplement more oxygen. MV may result in ventilator-associated pn...

    Authors: Wenjuan Luo, Rui Xing and Canmin Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:684
  41. Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Gram-negatives (3GCR-GN) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are common causes of multi-drug resistant healthcare-associated infections, for which gut colonisati...

    Authors: Kelly L. Wyres, Jane Hawkey, Mirianne Mirčeta, Louise M. Judd, Ryan R. Wick, Claire L. Gorrie, Nigel F. Pratt, Jill S. Garlick, Kerrie M. Watson, David V. Pilcher, Steve A. McGloughlin, Iain J. Abbott, Nenad Macesic, Denis W. Spelman, Adam W. J. Jenney and Kathryn E. Holt
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:683
  42. Norovirus (NoV) is a major cause of viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children worldwide. Epidemiological analysis with respect to the virus strains is limited in China. This study aimed to investigate the ...

    Authors: Yulian Fang, Zhaoying Dong, Yan Liu, Wei Wang, Mengzhu Hou, Jinying Wu, Lu Wang and Yu Zhao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:682
  43. Mobile phones used by healthcare workers (HCWs) are contaminated with bacteria, but the posterior surface of smartphones has rarely been studied. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of microbia...

    Authors: Akira Kuriyama, Hiroyuki Fujii, Aki Hotta, Rina Asanuma and Hiromasa Irie
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:681
  44. Campylobacter fetus is an uncommon Campylobacter species, and its infections mainly cause infective endocarditis, aortic aneurysm, and meningitis rather than enteritis. It is more likely to be detected in blood t...

    Authors: Ryo Nakatani, Koki Shimizu, Takahiro Matsuo, Ryosuke Koyamada, Nobuyoshi Mori, Takuya Yamashita and Shinichiro Mori
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:680
  45. Oral beta-lactam antimicrobials are not routinely tested against Streptococcus pneumoniae due to presumed susceptibility based upon penicillin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing. Currently, Clinical a...

    Authors: Mark E. Murphy, Eleanor Powell, Joshua Courter and Joel E. Mortensen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:679
  46. SARS-CoV-2 has swept across the globe, causing millions of deaths worldwide. Though most survive, many experience symptoms of COVID-19 for months after acute infection. Successful prevention and treatment of a...

    Authors: Stephanie M. LaVergne, Sophia Stromberg, Bridget A. Baxter, Tracy L. Webb, Taru S. Dutt, Kailey Berry, Madison Tipton, Jared Haberman, Benjamin R. Massey, Kim McFann, Omar Alnachoukati, Linda Zier, Thomas Heacock, Gregory D. Ebel, Marcela Henao-Tamayo, Julie Dunn…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:677

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