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Until now, the performance of interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) and Mantoux tests remains unclear in infant tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Therefore, a systematic review is performed to evaluate the sensitivity...
Liver failure is severe hepatic cellular damage caused by multiple factors that leads to clinical manifestations. Hepatic infiltration by malignancy is rarely reported as a cause of liver failure.
Although tuberculosis (TB) patients coinfected with HIV are at risk of poor treatment outcomes, there is paucity of data on changing trends of TB/HIV co-infection and their treatment outcomes. This study aims ...
Viral hepatitis (VH) is a leading contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide, constituting a public health problem associated with the level of human development. In recent years, Venezuela has experienc...
The Gambian Ministry of Health is supportive of HIV self-testing (HIVST) and HIVST initiatives are being piloted as an additional strategy to increase HIV testing for individuals not currently reached by exist...
Intravenous artesunate (AS) is the first-line treatment for patients with severe imported malaria (SIM) worldwide. However, after 10 years of use in France, AS hasn’t yet received marketing authorization.The p...
With the safety of blood transfusion being a major public health concern, the development of a rapid, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of hepatitis B virus...
To make clear the roles of social interaction and social support in HIV infection among elderly men who visit female sex workers (FSW).
Escherichia hermannii (E. hermanni) is always accompanied by other bacterial infections in humans. In previous reports, most E. hermannii-related infections were caused by sensitive strains. Here, for the first t...
Immigration is considered as a risk factor of tuberculosis (TB). Qom province receives millions of pilgrims and significant numbers of immigrants each year. Most of the immigrants to Qom, arrive from neighbori...
Scedosporium is a lesser-known non-Aspergillus genus of mold that can present in unsuspecting ways. If overlooked, it may disseminate and cause high mortality in high-risk allogeneic stem cell transplant recipien...
Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is the most common fungal infection of the central nervous system that can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Although several prognostic factors have been identified, thei...
With the difficulties in choosing colistin sulfate and polymyxin B sulfate (PBS) for carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB), we compared the efficacy and safety of these two old polymyxins in tre...
Invasion of the corpus callosum by sparganosis is rare in children. After invading the corpus callosum, sparganosis has various migration modes, which can break through the ependyma and enter the ventricles, t...
Deep sternal wound infection is a rare but feared complication of median thoracotomies and is usually caused by microorganisms from the patient’s skin or mucous membranes, the external environment, or iatrogen...
Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a significant cause of morbimortality in children under chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The purpose of this study is to describe the changes in the I...
HIV epidemics in Western and Central Africa (WCA) remain concentrated among key populations, who are often unaware of their status. HIV self-testing (HIVST) and its secondary distribution among key populations...
Since January 2017, the recommended first-line antiretroviral regimen in Brazil is the fixed-dose combination of tenofovir plus lamivudine with dolutegravir (TL + D). According to the literature, integrase res...
The four co-circulating and immunologically interactive dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4) pose a unique challenge to vaccine design because sub-protective immunity can increase the risk of severe dengue disease...
Little evidence exists regarding the prevalence of pathogens in bloodstream infections (BSIs), the mortality risk, and the benefit of combination therapy over monotherapy. This study aims to describe patterns ...
Healthcare-Acquired Infections are a major problem in the world and within the healthcare delivery system. An estimated 5–10% and around 25% of hospitalized patients have healthcare-acquired infections in deve...
Tuberculosis (TB) is among the leading causes of death globally. The disease has a huge burden in Namibia, with a case notification rate of at least 442 per 100,000. To date, Namibia is among the countries wit...
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) using molecular tests, such as Xpert MTB/RIF (MTB/RIF) or Xpert Ultra (Ultra). These tests are expensive and resource-consuming...
Acute pancreatitis (AP) accounts for a high proportion of digestive diseases worldwide and has a high risk of infection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common pathogen of hospital infections, has been observed to incr...
Besides impaired respiratory function and immune system, COVID-19 can affect renal function from elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) or serum creatinine (sCr) levels to acute kidney injury (AKI) and renal failu...
Bacterial meningitis caused by non-typhoid Salmonella can be a fatal condition which is more common in low and middle-income countries.
Understanding the epidemiology of Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) in a local context is valuable for both future pandemic preparedness and potential increases in COVID-19 case volume, particularly due t...
Fascioliasis, caused by Fasciola hepatica, is a neglected zoonotic food-borne trematodiasis. The Caspian littoral in northern Iran is endemic for the disease, and human fascioliasis is well-known in that region. ...
In Ghana, contact tracing received heightened attention in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic during its peak period. Despite the successes achieved, numerous challenges continue to limit the efforts of c...
Surgical site infection is an infection occurring within 30 days after surgery. It is recently reported that evidence-based information on the specific time when the majority of surgical site infections would ...
Sneathia amnii is a conditional pathogen of the female genital tract that is involved in bacterial vaginosis and poor reproductive and perinatal outcomes. Few studies have reported subcutaneous cysts following in...
Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) on immunosuppressants (ISPs) may have impaired long-term humoral immune responses and increased disease activity after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed...
The continuous emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants with markedly increased transmissibility presents major challenges to the zero-COVID policy in China. It is critical to adjust aspects of the policy about ...
While others have reported severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence studies in health care workers (HCWs), we leverage the use of a highly sensitive coronavirus antige...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is ubiquitous in the gastrointestinal tract and known as brewer's or baker's yeast. We experienced a case of S. cerevisiae and Candida glabrata co-infectious bloodstream infection. It is ...
Proteus spp. are widespread in the environment and comprise a part of the normal flora of the human gastrointestinal tract. Only six species in this genus, including Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus t...
Identification of pleural effusion (PE) in dengue infection is an objective measure of plasma leakage and may predict disease progression. However, no studies have systematically assessed the frequency of PE i...
In this phase 2 randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial in patients with COVID-19, we hypothesised that blocking mineralocorticoid receptors using a combination of dexamethasone to suppress cortisol secre...
Assessment for risks associated with acute stable COVID-19 is important to optimize clinical trial enrollment and target patients for scarce therapeutics. To assess whether healthcare system engagement locatio...
SARS-CoV-2 is primarily transmitted through person-to-person contacts. It is important to collect information on age-specific contact patterns because SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility, transmission, and morbidity var...
Iran is amongst the first three countries in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region where two-thirds of region’s new HIV infections are reported. HIV testing at the population level is key to interrupting ...
Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE), as a benign parasitic disease with malignant infiltrative activity, grows slowly in the liver, allowing sufficient time for collateral vessels to emerge in the process of va...
Vaccination is a key tool against COVID-19. However, in many settings it is not clear how acceptable COVID-19 vaccination is among the general population, or how hesitancy correlates with risk of disease acqui...
Numerous vaccination research experiments have been conducted on non-primate hosts to prevent or control HTLV-1 infection. Therefore, reviewing recent advancements for status assessment and strategic planning ...
The HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 074 study demonstrated a positive effect of an integrated systems navigation and psychosocial counseling intervention on HIV treatment initiation, viral suppression, me...
HIV disclosure is vital in HIV management. Community Health Workers (CHW) were reported to support partner disclosure among HIV affected heterosexual partners with disclosure difficulties. However, time to dis...
Campylobacter spp. is a gram-negative bacillus that causes infectious enteritis and consists of several species, including Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter fetus. Although C. jejuni and...
As the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) rapid testing services expanded to reach the global target that 95% of people living with the virus will know their status by 2030, ensuring the quality of those servi...
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