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  1. Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is known to be only partially effective in inhibiting M. tuberculosis (MTB) multiplication in human. A new recombinant (r) urease-deficient BCG (BCG-dHCM) that ...

    Authors: Yumiko Tsukamoto, Yumi Maeda, Toshiki Tamura, Tetsu Mukai and Masahiko Makino
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:179
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. A recent longitudinal study in the Dadaab refugee camp near the Kenya-Somalia border identified unusual biannual respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemics. We characterized the genetic variability of the ass...

    Authors: Charles N Agoti, Lillian M Mayieka, James R Otieno, Jamal A Ahmed, Barry S Fields, Lilian W Waiboci, Raymond Nyoka, Rachel B Eidex, Nina Marano, Wagacha Burton, Joel M Montgomery, Robert F Breiman and D James Nokes
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:178
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. No published systematic reviews have assessed the natural history of colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Time to clearance of colonizat...

    Authors: Erica S Shenoy, Molly L Paras, Farzad Noubary, Rochelle P Walensky and David C Hooper
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:177
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. We examined the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 30 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in Hangzhou and investigated their external environments to provide evidence for c...

    Authors: Hua Ding, Li Xie, Zhou Sun, Qing-Jun Kao, Ren-Jie Huang, Xu-Hui Yang, Chun-ping Huang, Yuan-Yuan Wen, Jing-Cao Pan, Xiao-Ying Pu, Tao Jin, Xiao-Hong Zhou, Lin Zheng, Jian Li and Feng-Juan Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:175
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Cardiac device-related endocarditis is a very rare clinical manifestation of S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis disease. This pathogen is a common cause of cellulitis. We here report two cases of cardiac device-r...

    Authors: Sari Rantala and Suvi Tuohinen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:174
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  7. Data on the renal safety of Tenofovir (TDF) in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) is scarce. We compared development of various forms of renal impairment with use of TDF-containing antiretroviral therapy ...

    Authors: Sanjay N Pujari, Colette Smith, Abhimanyu Makane, Mike Youle, Margaret Johnson, Vivek Bele, Kedar Joshi, Digamber Dabhade and Sanjay Bhagani
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:173
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Genital mycoplasmas colonise up to 80% of sexually mature women and may invade the amniotic cavity during pregnancy and cause complications. Tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones are contraindicated in pregnancy ...

    Authors: Mathys J Redelinghuys, Marthie M Ehlers, Andries W Dreyer, Hennie A Lombaard and Marleen M Kock
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:171
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1(PfEMP1) is a family of variant surface antigens (VSA) that mediate the adhesion of parasite infected erythrocytes to capillary endothelial cells within host t...

    Authors: Abdirahman I Abdi, Gregory Fegan, Michelle Muthui, Esther Kiragu, Jennifer N Musyoki, Michael Opiyo, Kevin Marsh, George M Warimwe and Peter C Bull
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:170
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Few studies have investigated associations between psychological and behavioral indices throughout a major epidemic. This study was aimed to compare the strength of associations between different cognitive and...

    Authors: Qiuyan Liao, Benjamin J Cowling, Wendy WT Lam, Diane MW Ng and Richard Fielding
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:169
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Nigeria suffers the world’s largest malaria burden, with approximately 51 million cases and 207,000 deaths annually. As part of the country’s aim to reduce by 50% malaria-related morbidity and mortality by 201...

    Authors: Gregory S Noland, Patricia M Graves, Adamu Sallau, Abel Eigege, Emmanuel Emukah, Amy E Patterson, Joseph Ajiji, Iheanyichi Okorofor, Oji Uka Oji, Mary Umar, Kal Alphonsus, James Damen, Jeremiah Ngondi, Masayo Ozaki, Elizabeth Cromwell, Josephine Obiezu…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:168
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Many studies have found associations between climatic conditions and dengue transmission. However, there is a debate about the future impacts of climate change on dengue transmission. This paper reviewed epide...

    Authors: Suchithra Naish, Pat Dale, John S Mackenzie, John McBride, Kerrie Mengersen and Shilu Tong
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:167
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Invasive fungal infections are very severe infections associated with high mortality rates, despite the availability of new classes of antifungal agents. Based on pathophysiological mechanisms and limited pre-...

    Authors: Corine E Delsing, Mark S Gresnigt, Jenneke Leentjens, Frank Preijers, Florence Allantaz Frager, Matthijs Kox, Guillaume Monneret, Fabienne Venet, Chantal P Bleeker-Rovers, Frank L van de Veerdonk, Peter Pickkers, Alexandre Pachot, Bart Jan Kullberg and Mihai G Netea
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:166
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for use at the point-of-care (POC) are likely to become increasingly useful as large-scale control programmes for schistosomiasis get underway. Given the low sensitivity of the re...

    Authors: Norman Nausch, Emily M Dawson, Nicholas Midzi, Takafira Mduluza, Francisca Mutapi and Michael J Doenhoff
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:165
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Blastocystis sp. is currently the most common intestinal protist found in human feces and considered an emerging parasite with a worldwide distribution. Because of its potential impact in public health, we reinf...

    Authors: Dima El Safadi, Lobna Gaayeb, Dionigia Meloni, Amandine Cian, Philippe Poirier, Ivan Wawrzyniak, Frédéric Delbac, Fouad Dabboussi, Laurence Delhaes, Modou Seck, Monzer Hamze, Gilles Riveau and Eric Viscogliosi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:164
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Innate defence mechanisms of the airways are impaired in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), predisposing patients to lower respiratory tract infections, but less is known about the association with ...

    Authors: Malin Inghammar, Gunnar Engström, Bengt Ljungberg, Claes-Göran Löfdahl, Adam Roth and Arne Egesten
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:163
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Anaerobes are a major component of gut flora. They play an important role in the pathogenesis of infections resulting from breaches in mucus membranes. Because of the difficulties in cultivating and identifyin...

    Authors: Mansoor Mehmood, Nabil A Jaffar, Muhammad Nazim and Faisal A Khasawneh
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:162
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  19. Whether the combination of antimicrobial therapy is a factor in mortality in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia remains to be elucidated. This study investigated the risk factors for mortality in P. aeruginosa bac...

    Authors: Youn Jeong Kim, Yoon Hee Jun, Yang Ree Kim, Kang Gyun Park, Yeon Joon Park, Ji Young Kang and Sang Il Kim
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:161
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. It is widely assumed that voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) services contribute to HIV prevention by motivating clients to reduce sexual risk-taking. However, findings from sub-Saharan Africa have been m...

    Authors: Caoimhe Cawley, Alison Wringe, Emma Slaymaker, Jim Todd, Denna Michael, Yusufu Kumugola, Mark Urassa and Basia Zaba
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:159
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Despite the increasing use of antiretroviral treatment (ART) recent data on frequency and pattern of drug resistance mutations in Ethiopia is not available. Furthermore with increasing mobility of people HIV-1...

    Authors: Andargachew Mulu, Thomas Lange, Uwe Gerd Liebert and Melanie Maier
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:158
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Staphylococcus aureus is the most commonly isolated organism from the different clinical samples in hospital. The emergence and dissemination of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and growing res...

    Authors: Shamshul Ansari, Hari Prasad Nepal, Rajendra Gautam, Nabin Rayamajhi, Sony Shrestha, Goma Upadhyay, Anju Acharya and Moti Lal Chapagain
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:157
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. During clinical development of the licensed Japanese encephalitis chimeric virus vaccine (JE-CV), the neutralization capacity of vaccine-induced antibodies was assessed against the vaccine virus and against we...

    Authors: Matthew Bonaparte, Bashir Dweik, Emmanuel Feroldi, Claude Meric, Alain Bouckenooghe, Stephen Hildreth, Branda Hu, Sutee Yoksan and Mark Boaz
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:156
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. The commercial test, SeptiFast, is designed to detect DNA from bacterial and fungal pathogens in whole blood. The method has been found to be specific with a high rule-in value for the early detection of septi...

    Authors: Ingrid Ziegler, Per Josefson, Per Olcén, Paula Mölling and Kristoffer Strålin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:155
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Despite scientific advances in typing of C. difficile strains very little is known about how hospital staff use typing results during periods of increased incidence (PIIs). This qualitative study, undertaken alon...

    Authors: Ala Szczepura, Susan Manzoor, Katherine Hardy, Nigel Stallard, Helen Parsons, Savita Gossain and Peter M Hawkey
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:154
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Aim of our study is to investigate the clinical and immunological outcomes according to first-line HAART adherence in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients in Burkina Faso.

    Authors: Emanuele Focà, Silvia Odolini, Giorgia Sulis, Stefano Calza, Virginio Pietra, Paola Rodari, Pier Francesco Giorgetti, Alice Noris, Paul Ouedraogo, Jacques Simpore, Salvatore Pignatelli and Francesco Castelli
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:153
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Japan experienced two rubella outbreaks in the past decade (2004 and 2012 – 2013), resulting in 10 and 20 infants with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), respectively. This study was performed to determine whe...

    Authors: Takahiro Yamada, Junko Mochizuki, Masachi Hanaoka, Eriko Hashimoto, Akihide Ohkuchi, Mika Ito, Takahiko Kubo, Akihito Nakai, Shigeru Saito, Nobuya Unno, Shigeki Matsubara and Hisanori Minakami
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:152
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is almost ubiquitous in humans and generally occurs at two ages: infantile, which is usually asymptomatic and associated with poorer socioeconomic conditions, and adoles...

    Authors: Elizabeth Visser, Denis Milne, Ian Collacott, David McLernon, Carl Counsell and Mark Vickers
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:151
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. In HIV infected patients, the impact of ribavirin (RBV) pharmacology on sustained virologic response (SVR) to hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment has not been fully investigated. The objective of this study was ...

    Authors: Giorgiana Hatu, François Bailly, Emmanuel Pourcelot, Pierre Pradat, Patrick Miailhes, Marianne Maynard, François Parant, Pierre Chiarello, Jean-Michel Livrozet, Fabien Zoulim and Marie-Claude Gagnieu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:150
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Most HIV infected patients will develop some sort of neurologic involvement of the disease throughout their lives, usually in advanced stages. Neurologic symptoms may occur in acute HIV infection but myelopath...

    Authors: Paulo Andrade, Cristóvão Figueiredo, Cláudia Carvalho, Lurdes Santos and António Sarmento
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:149
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  32. Tuberculosis (TB) still presents a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), including those on antiretroviral therapy. In this study, we aimed to determine the long-t...

    Authors: Basel Karo, Walter Haas, Christian Kollan, Barbara Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Osamah Hamouda and Lena Fiebig
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:148
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. The immunologic profiles of patients with human adenovirus serotype 55 (HAdV-55) infections were characterized in subjects diagnosed with silent infections (n = 30), minor infections (n = 27), severe infection...

    Authors: Wei-Wei Chen, Wei-Min Nie, Wen Xu, Yang-Xin Xie, Bo Tu, Peng Zhao, En-Qiang Qin, Yun-Hui Zhang, Xiu Zhang, Wen-Gang Li, Zhi-Ping Zhou, Ji-Yun Lv and Min Zhao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:147
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. The aim of this study was to evaluate diagnostic tests in order to introduce a diagnostic strategy to identify the most common gram-positive bacteria (pneumococci, enterococci, β-haemolytic streptococci and S. au...

    Authors: Marie C Larsson, Ewa Karlsson, Hanna Woksepp, Kerstin Frölander, Agneta Mårtensson, Foad Rashed, Wistedt Annika, Thomas Schön and Lena Serrander
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:146
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Sporadic non-clustered hospital-associated listeriosis is an emerging infectious disease in immunocompromised hosts. The current study was designed to determine the impact of long-term and precipitating immuno...

    Authors: Chun-Yuan Lee, Hung-Chin Tsai, Calvin M Kunin, Susan Shin-Jung Lee, Kuan-Sheng Wu and Yao-Shen Chen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:145
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) are often treated by two stage exchange with the use of an antibiotic impregnated spacer. Most of the two-stage exchange algorithms recommend the implantation of an antibi...

    Authors: Jan Schmolders, Gunnar TR Hischebeth, Max J Friedrich, Thomas M Randau, Matthias D Wimmer, Hendrik Kohlhof, Ernst Molitor and Sascha Gravius
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:144
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  37. Chronic HIV infection is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis. Oxidized forms of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are present in atherosclerotic lesions and constitut...

    Authors: Aylin Yilmaz, Karin Jennbacken and Linda Fogelstrand
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:143
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. The pandemic potential of avian influenza A/H5N1 should not be overlooked, and the continued development of vaccines against these highly pathogenic viruses is a public health priority.

    Authors: Paul Gillard, Daniel Wai Sing Chu, Shinn-Jang Hwang, Pan-Chyr Yang, Prasert Thongcharoen, Fong Seng Lim, Mamadou Dramé, Karl Walravens and François Roman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:142
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Dengue infection carries a potential risk of death despite stringent management of plasma leak and haemorrhage. It appears that the extent of liver dysfunction determines the outcome.

    Authors: SAM Kularatne, IVB Imbulpitiya, RA Abeysekera, RN Waduge, RPVJ Rajapakse and KGAD Weerakoon
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:141
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Scrub typhus is becoming the most common vector born disease in Guangzhou, southern China. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of weather patterns on the incidence of Scrub typhus in the subtropical ...

    Authors: Tiegang Li, Zhicong Yang, Zhiqiang Dong and Ming Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:139
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. We investigated the determinants of sputum culture non-conversion following intensive phase of treatment, and assessed the effects on the outcome among patients treated for a first episode of smear positive tu...

    Authors: Eric Walter Pefura-Yone, André Pascal Kengne and Christopher Kuaban
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:138
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Acute uncomplicated cystitis (AUC) is an ideal target of optimization for antibiotic therapy in primary care. Because surveillance networks on urinary tract infections (UTI) mix complicated and uncomplicated U...

    Authors: Manuel Etienne, Emmanuel Lefebvre, Noëlle Frebourg, Hélène Hamel, Martine Pestel-Caron and François Caron
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:137
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Contact surveys and diaries have conventionally been used to measure contact networks in different settings for elucidating infectious disease transmission dynamics of respiratory infections. More recently, te...

    Authors: Timo Smieszek, Victoria C Barclay, Indulaxmi Seeni, Jeanette J Rainey, Hongjiang Gao, Amra Uzicanin and Marcel Salathé
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:136
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. HIV-, HCV- and HIV/HCV co-infections among drug users have become a rapidly emerging global public health problem. In order to constrain the dual epidemics of HIV/AIDS and drug use, China has adopted a methado...

    Authors: Yi-Biao Zhou, Song Liang, Qi-Xing Wang, Yu-Han Gong, Shi-Jiao Nie, Lei Nan, Ai-Hui Yang, Qiang Liao, Xiu-Xia Song and Qing-Wu Jiang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:134
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. An inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) was recently licenced in the US as a thimerosal-free formulation presented in a pre-filled syringe. A multidose presentation is preferred in some settings du...

    Authors: Varsha K Jain, Vijayalakshmi Chandrasekaran, Long Wang, Ping Li, Aixue Liu and Bruce L Innis
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:133
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Tuberculosis (TB) control remains a challenge in Malawi despite the National TB Control Program since 1984. This study aimed at measuring patient and health system delays and identifying factors associated wit...

    Authors: Lumbani Makwakwa, Mei-ling Sheu, Chen-Yuan Chiang, Shoei-Loong Lin and Peter W Chang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:132
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Tenofovir is a widely used antiviral drug for the treatment of HIV and HBV infection. Although its side effects on renal function and bone metabolism are well known, there are no reports on focal bone lesions ...

    Authors: Davide Mangioni, Alessandra Bandera, Antonio Muscatello, Nicola Squillace, Cinzia Crivellaro, Luca Guerra, Cristina Messa and Andrea Gori
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:131
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  49. The present study was conducted to assess the efficiency of using TK SLC-L (Salubris, Inc.) for the primary isolation of mycobacteria from clinical samples by comparing it to the MGIT detection system (Becton ...

    Authors: İhsan Hakkı Çiftci and Engin Karakeçe
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:130
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. We recently demonstrated that among young patients (<60 years old) with CAP, elevated red blood cell distribution width (RDW) lev...

    Authors: Eyal Braun, Jad Kheir, Tanya Mashiach, Mohammad Naffaa and Zaher S Azzam
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:129
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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BMC Infectious Diseases

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