Skip to main content

Table 2 Results for the independent variable ‘private healthcare provision’ in multivariate logistic regression analyses of laboratory tests, treatment regimens and outcomes among adult Victorian TB patients, 2002–2015

From: Comparing tuberculosis management under public and private healthcare providers: Victoria, Australia, 20022015

Outcome

Public patients: outcome present/total

Private patients: outcome present/total

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysisa

OR

(95%CI)

p

aOR

(95%CI)

P value

Other independent variables

Investigations performed

 CXRb

2324/2466

74/83

0.50

(0.25–1.02)

0.058

0.56

(0.26–1.18)

0.125

a sx p s c h o I y

 CXR - extrapulmonary patients

1747/1993

164/182

1.28

(0.78–2.13)

0.333

NA

a sx y

 Smear sputum sampleb

1937/2466

58/83

0.63

(0.39–1.02)

0.062

0.52

(0.31–0.86)

0.011

a sx p pe c h o y

 Bronchial wash sampleb sp.

789/2466

35/83

1.55

(0.99–2.42)

0.053

1.49

(0.75–2.96)

0.252

p s f c h o y cx sp. c#h

 Smear sample – extrapulmonary patients

1306/1993

96/182

0.59

(0.43–1.83)

0.001

0.54

(0.37–0.77)

0.001

a sx p h o c y cx

 Genotypic TB testingc

2151/4518

93/268

0.58

(0.45–0.76)

<0.001

0.65

(0.47–0.89)

0.008

a pe ly e d r p h y s o cx cx#m

Investigation results

 Abnormal first chest x-ray/CT scanb

2171/2271

69/70

3.18

(0.44–23.12)

0.253

NA

a sx pe r o y

 Abnormal first chest x-ray/CT scan - extrapulmonary patients

655/1650

44/146

0.66

(0.45–0.95)

0.024

0.71

(0.48–1.04)

0.080

a sx e p c h o y

 Cavitation

431/2156

10/69

0.68

(0.34–1.34)

0.262

NA

sx pe‡ r s h‡ y‡

 Smear-positive sputum sampleb

789/1937

19/58

0.71

(0.41–1.24)

0.225

0.54

(0.27–1.05)

0.070

pe r p s h f cx y

 Smear positive – extrapulmonary patients

296/1093

34/87

1.73

(1.10–2.71)

0.017

1.51

(0.89–2.56)

0.132

e p h y cx

 Positive genotypic test

1811/2151

79/93

1.00

(0.58–1.73)

0.998

NA

a r cx pe ly e d s o y

 Culture-positive

3665/3968

208/229

0.82

(0.51–1.30)

0.398

NA

sx pe ly e d r h y cx

 Presumptive diagnoses – not confirmed by culture or PCR.

839/4706

54/273

1.14

(0.84–1.54)

0.414

NA

a sx pe ly e d r s f c h o y cx

Treatment commencement

 Prior to any positive test result or abnormal chest x-ray/CT scan

1053/4149

77/221

1.57

(1.18–2.09)

0.002

1.10

(0.80–1.51)

0.575

a sx pe ly e d r p f c h o y h#m

Following abnormal chest x-ray/CT scan, before any other resultsb

998/2135

17/48

0.42

(0.34–0.74)

0.003

0.43

(0.23–0.78)

0.006

a r p s c y

 Following positive cultureb sp

327/2405

22/76

2.59

(1.56–4.31)

<0.001

1.22

(0.58–2.54)

0.604

a sx pe p f c sp.

 Following positive culture, extrapulmonary patients

305/1918

38/173

1.49

(1.02–2.18)

0.040

1.15

(0.72–1.84)

0.548

a sx ea. r p s y cx

Treatment regimen and outcome

 Fewer than four first-line medicationsd

332/3996

29/208

1.79

(1.19–2.69)

0.005

2.17

(1.36–3.46)

0.001

a sx pe ly e d p f c h o y

 Completed treatment

4043/4147

225/235

0.58

(0.30–1.12)

0.106

0.61

(0.31–1.21)

0.158

a sx pe ly e d p s h y

 Died before or during treatment

195/4288

17/244

1.57

(0.94–2.63)

0.084

1.16

(0.60–2.23)

0.652

a sx pe ly e d r p s f c h o y

  1. Definition of abbreviations: TB tuberculosis; NA not applicable, not included in multivariate analysis, private p > 0.25 in univariate analysis, obs observations, lab laboratory, OR odds ratio, aOR adjusted odds ratio, IQR interquartile range, # interaction term
  2. aVariables considered in all univariate analyses – age (a) (five groups: 0–9 years; 10–17 years; 18–34 years; 35–64 years, ≥65 years); sex (sx); Manifestation (m) (pulmonary only, pulmonary plus other sites [pe], lymph node [ly], disseminated [d] or other extrapulmonary [e]); saw rural health provider (r); saw private health provider (p); history of substance abuse (s); ever resided in an aged care facility (f); household member or close contact with TB (c); born in high burden country (h); overseas born (o); year of notification (y) (groups: 2002–2005; 2006–2011; 2012–2015); First CXR results (cx) were also considered for all “Investigations performed” and “Investigation results” and “Treatment commencement” analyses except those regarding CXRs. Sputum smear results (sp) were included in several analyses where noted
  3. bOnly patients with pulmonary involvement included in the analysis
  4. cOnly patients with a specimen sample included in analysis
  5. dConfined to patients that commenced treatment; began on treatment prior to culture results being available; and were not identified as a part of a screening or contact investigation
  6. Independent variables included in multivariate analyses with p<0.05