We thank all the study participants, study coordinators and nurses for their assistance with study coordination, participant recruitment and care.
The Canadian Co-infection cohort investigators (CTN222) are: Drs. Lisa Barrett, QEII Health Science Center for Clinical Research, Halifax, NS; Jeff Cohen, Windsor Regional Hospital Metropolitan Campus, Windsor, ON; Brian Conway, Vancouver Infectious Diseases Research and Care Centre, Vancouver, BC; Curtis Cooper, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa ON; Pierre Côté, Clinique du Quartier Latin, Montréal, QC; Joseph Cox, MUHC IDTC-Montréal General Hospital, Montréal, QC; John Gill, Southern Alberta HIV Clinic, Calgary, AB; Shariq Haider, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON; Mark Hull, BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC; Marina Klein, McGill University Health Centre, Division of Infectious Diseases and Chronic Viral Illness Service, Montreal, QC; Julio Montaner, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Erica Moodie, McGill University, Montreal, QC; Neora Pick, Oak Tree Clinic, Children’s and Women’s Health Centre of British Columbia, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Anita Rachlis, Sunnybrook & Women’s College Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON; Danielle Rouleau, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC; Roger Sandre, HAVEN Program, Sudbury, ON; Mark Tyndall, Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON; Steve Sanche, SHARE University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK; Marie-Louise Vachon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec, QC; Sharon Walmsley, University Health Network, Toronto, ON; Alex Wong, Regina Qu’Appelle Health Region, Regina General Hospital, Regina, SK.; and David Wong, University Health Network, Toronto, ON.
Funding
This work was supported through grant support from the Fonds de recherche en santé- Quebec, Réseau SIDA/maladies infectieuses (FRQ-S); the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR MOP-79529); the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN222). Valérie Martel-Laferrière received a Travel Awards – Institute Community Support from the Canadian Institute for Health Research for this work. Sharon Walmsley is supported by a career scientist award from the Ontario HIV Treatment Network. Marina Klein is supported by the “Chercheurs Nationaux” career award from the FRQ-S.
Availability of data and materials
According to stipulations of the patient consent form signed by all study participants, ethical restrictions imposed by our Institutional Ethics review boards, and legal restrictions imposed by Canadian law regarding clinical trials, anonymized data are available upon request by contacting Dr. Marina Klein.
Authors’ contributions
VML: study protocol development, collection of data, data analysis, manuscript writing. RN: data analysis, critical revision of the manuscript. JC: study protocol development, collection of data, critical revision of the manuscript. CC: study protocol development, collection of data, critical revision of the manuscript. MT: study protocol development, collection of data, critical revision of the manuscript. DR: study protocol development, collection of data, critical revision of the manuscript. SW: study protocol development, collection of data, critical revision of the manuscript. LW: data analysis, critical revision of the manuscript. MBK: study protocol development, collection of data, data analysis, critical revision of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Competing interests
V. Martel- Laferrière reports consulting fees from Merck and Gilead, grant from Gilead and lecture fees from AbbVie, Merck and Gilead. J. Cox reports consulting fees from Gilead and grants from AbbVie and Merck. C. Cooper reports non-financial support from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead, Merck and AbbVie. M. Tyndall reports receipt of grants from Gilead, BMS, Janssen and previous honoraria for lectures from Gilead. D. Rouleau reports grants from Merck. S.Walmsley reports grants, consulting fees and lecture fees from Merck, Abbvie, ViiV Healthcare, Gilead, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. M.B. Klein reports grants from ViiV Healthcare and Merck; and consulting fees from ViiV Healthcare, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gliead, Merck and Abbvie. L. Wong, and R. Nitulescu, report no conflicts of interest.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Ethics committee approval was obtained from all study sites. Individual written informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrolment. The CCC was approved by the community advisory committee of the CIHR-Canadian HIV Trials Network, the Biomedical B Research Ethics Board of the McGill University Health Centre (site: Chronic Viral Illness Service - McGill University Health Centre), the Institutional Review Board Services (site: Vancouver Infectious Diseases Centre), the Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board at the University of Calgary (site: Southern Alberta Clinic), the Windsor Regional Hospital Research Ethics Board (site: Windsor Regional Hospital - Metropolitan Campus), Veritas Independent Review Board (site: Clinique Médicale du Quartier-Latin), the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board (site: MacMaster University Medical Centre Hamilton Health Sciences), the Comité d’éthique de la recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (site: Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal), the Comité d’éthique de la recherche du CHU de Québec (CHU de Québec – CHUL Quebec city), the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Research Ethics Board (site: Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center), the Research Ethics Board of Health Sciences North (site: Heath Science North – The HAVEN Program), the University Health Network Research Ethics Board (site: University Health Network – Toronto General Hospital), the UBC-Providence Health Care Research Ethics Board (sites: Oak Tree Clinic, BC Centre For Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Native BC Health Center - St-Paul’s Hospital), the Regina Qu’Appelle Health Region (RQHR) Research Ethics Board (site: Regina Qu’Appelle Health Region – Regina General Hospital), the Nova Scotia Health Research Ethics Board (site: QUEII Health Science Center), the Biomedical Research Ethics Board (Bio-REB) (site: SHARE University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon), and the Ottawa Health Science Network Research Ethics Board (site: The Ottawa Hospital – General Campus).