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  1. Brucellosis, one of the world’s most important zoonosis, has been re-emerging in China. Shanxi Province, located in northern China, where husbandry development has been accelerated in recent years, has a rathe...

    Authors: Qiulan Chen, Shengjie Lai, Wenwu Yin, Hang Zhou, Yu Li, Di Mu, Zhongjie Li, Hongjie Yu and Weizhong Yang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:760
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. The effect of peer support on virologic and immunologic treatment outcomes among HIVinfected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) was assessed in a cluster randomized controlled trial in Vietnam.

    Authors: Do Duy Cuong, Anders Sönnerborg, Vu Van Tam, Ziad El-Khatib, Michele Santacatterina, Gaetano Marrone, Nguyen Thi Kim Chuc, Vinod Diwan, Anna Thorson, Nicole K. Le, Pham Nhat An and Mattias Larsson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:759
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Clustered tuberculosis (TB) still occurred nationally in Chinese schools every year, where high school students patients accounts for the highest proportion. These young TB patients are in a critical period of...

    Authors: Shaoru Zhang, Xiaohong Li, Tianhua Zhang, Yahui Fan and Yuelu Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:758
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Influenza vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization for high risk groups, yet few data exist on influenza disease burden in West Africa.

    Authors: Michael Preko Ntiri, Jazmin Duque, Meredith L. McMorrow, Joseph Asamoah Frimpong, Prince Parbie, Edem Badji, Ndahwouh Talla Nzussouo, Eve-Marie Benson, Michael Adjabeng, Erica Dueger, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Fatimah S. Dawood, Kwadwo Koram and William Ampofo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:757
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Antimicrobial resistance has been declared by the World Health Organization as a threat to the public health. The aim of this study was to analyze antimicrobial resistance patterns of the common pathogens occu...

    Authors: Nyambura Moremi, Heike Claus and Stephen E. Mshana
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:756
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Ukraine’s injecting drug use-driven HIV epidemic is among the most severe in Europe with high burden of HCV co-infection. HIV/HCV co-infected individuals are at elevated risk of HCV-related morbidity, but litt...

    Authors: Heather Bailey, Nataliya Nizova, Violeta Martsynovska, Alla Volokha, Ruslan Malyuta, Mario Cortina-Borja and Claire Thorne
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:755
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. There currently is a severe Zika Virus (ZIKV) epidemic in Brazil and other South American countries. Due to international travel, this poses severe public health risk of ZIKV importation to other countries. We...

    Authors: C. M. Saad-Roy, P. van den Driessche and Junling Ma
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:754
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Group A Streptococcus strains causing wide variety of diseases, recently became noticeable in eastern India, are not amenable to standard treatment protocol thus enhancing the possibility of disease morbidity ...

    Authors: Dipanwita Ray, Somnath Saha, Sukanta Sinha, Nishith Kumar Pal and Basudev Bhattacharya
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:753
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Australia has increased coverage of antiretroviral treatment (ART) over the past decade, reaching 73% uptake in 2014. While ART reduces AIDS-related deaths, accumulating evidence suggests that it could also bo...

    Authors: D. Callander, M. Stoové, A. Carr, J. F. Hoy, K. Petoumenos, M. Hellard, J. Elliot, D. J. Templeton, S. Liaw, D. P. Wilson, A. Grulich, D. A. Cooper, A. Pedrana, B. Donovan, J. McMahon, G. Prestage…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:752
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  10. Expanding antimicrobial resistance patterns in the face of stagnant growth in novel antibiotic production underscores the importance of antibiotic stewardship in which de-escalation remains an integral compone...

    Authors: Peter Liu, Christopher Ohl, James Johnson, John Williamson, James Beardsley and Vera Luther
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:751
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Published information regarding the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and outcomes of patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) blood stream infection (BSI) is limited. We aimed in this study...

    Authors: Xiaoqing Liu, Sainan Bian, Yueqiu Zhang, Lifan Zhang, Qiwen Yang, Peng Wang, Yingchun Xu, Xiaochun Shi, Yao Zhang and Roy F. Chemaly
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:750
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Infection rates in revision (second and subsequent) major joint arthroplasty continues to be a significant issue with rates 2–3 times those of primary procedures. The effect of antibiotic and antiseptic prophy...

    Authors: Jeffrey Voigt, Michael Mosier and Rabih Darouiche
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:749
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Leptospirosis involves nervous system in around 10-15% of the cases, the commonest presentation being aseptic meningitis. Most of the clinical features of neuroleptospirosis are due to capillary endothelial da...

    Authors: Rajveer Singh, Dheeraj Khurana, Sahil Mehta, Aditya Choudhary, Gayathri Petluri and Vivek Lal
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:748
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  14. Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that has become a major cause of concern, since it is a frequent cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The aim of the study was to describe the occ...

    Authors: Aida Bianco, Angela Quirino, Mariavalentina Giordano, Vito Marano, Claudia Rizzo, Maria Carla Liberto, Alfredo Focà and Maria Pavia
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:747
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. The majority of Salmonella arizonae human infections have been reported in southwestern United States, where rattlesnake-based products are commonly used to treat illness; however, little is known in non-endemic ...

    Authors: Yi-Chien Lee, Miao-Chiu Hung, Sheng-Che Hung, Hung-Ping Wang, Hui-Ling Cho, Mei-Chu Lai and Jann-Tay Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:746
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Use of treponemal tests to screen for syphilis (caused by Treponema pallidum pallidum) poses challenges with infection status classification, especially in settings where other treponemal infections are endemic. ...

    Authors: Edward Tieru Dassah, Yaw Adu-Sarkodie and Philippe Mayaud
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:745
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. During the last decades, healthcare-associated genotypes of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (HA-MRSE) have been established as important opportunistic pathogens. However, data on potential reserv...

    Authors: Micael Widerström, Johan Wiström, Helén Edebro, Elisabeth Marklund, Mattias Backman, Per Lindqvist and Tor Monsen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:743
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. HIV genetic diversity implicates major challenges for the control of viral infection by the immune system and for the identification of an effective immunotherapeutic strategy. With the present case report we ...

    Authors: Paolo Palma, Paola Zangari, Claudia Alteri, Hyppolite K. Tchidjou, Emma Concetta Manno, Giuseppina Liuzzi, Carlo Federico Perno, Paolo Rossi, Ada Bertoli and Stefania Bernardi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:742
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  20. Amoebic liver abscess is the most common extra intestinal manifestation of amoebiasis in tropical countries. It usually presents with right hypochondrial pain, fever and anorexia. Amoebic liver abscess has gai...

    Authors: Vithiya Ratnasamy, Kumanan Thirunavukarasu, Kannathasan Selvam and Murugananthan Arumugam
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:741
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  21. Malaysia still faces challenges optimizing resources to effectively eliminate measles through high immunization and herd immunity, with sporadic outbreaks of measles as evidence. The objective of this study is...

    Authors: Y. Hazlina, M. A. Marlindawati and K. Shamsuddin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:740
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Although early presentation to HIV-care is essential to ensure timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy, recent studies have shown that especially migrants present to HIV-care at a later stage of HIV-infect...

    Authors: Nadine Zeitlmann, Barbara Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Claudia Santos-Hövener, Christian Kollan and Matthias an der Heiden
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:739
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Timely and enduring access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) by HIV-infected individuals has been shown to substantially reduce HIV transmission risk, HIV-related morbidity and mortality. However, there is evide...

    Authors: Augustine Ankomah, John Kuumuori Ganle, Margaret Yaa Lartey, Awewura Kwara, Priscilla Awo Nortey, Michael Perry Kweku Okyerefo and Amos Kankponang Laar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:738
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Bacteria that produce Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPCs) are resistant to broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics. The objective of this study was to phenotypically and genotypically characterize the antibio...

    Authors: Patricia Cristina Saldanha Ribeiro, Andrea Souza Monteiro, Sirlei Garcia Marques, Sílvio Gomes Monteiro, Valério Monteiro-Neto, Martina Márcia Melo Coqueiro, Ana Cláudia Garcia Marques, Rosimary de Jesus Gomes Turri, Simone Gonçalves Santos and Maria Rosa Quaresma Bomfim
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:737
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Community-acquired bacterial meningitis due to Klebsiella pneumoniae has mainly been described in Southeast Asia and has a poor prognosis. Severe invasive infections caused by K. pneumoniae, including meningitis,...

    Authors: Bénédicte Melot, Sylvain Brisse, Sébastien Breurec, Virginie Passet, Edith Malpote, Isabelle Lamaury, Guillaume Thiery and Bruno Hoen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:736
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  26. To the best of our knowledge, no study has compared gram-negative bacillary hematogenous pyogenic spondylodiscitis (GNB-HPS) with gram-positive coccal hematogenous pyogenic spondylodiscitis (GPC-HPS) regarding...

    Authors: Ching-Yu Lee, Meng-Huang Wu, Chin-Chang Cheng, Tsung-Jen Huang, Tsung-Yu Huang, Chien-Yin Lee, Jou-Chen Huang and Yen-Yao Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:735
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. H7N9 human cases were first detected in mainland China in March 2013. Circulation of this virus has continued each year shifting to typical winter months. We compared the clinical and epidemiologic characteris...

    Authors: Nijuan Xiang, A. Danielle Iuliano, Yanping Zhang, Ruiqi Ren, Xingyi Geng, Bili Ye, Wenxiao Tu, Ch ao Li, Yong Lv, Ming Yang, Jian Zhao, Yali Wang, Fuqiang Yang, Lei Zhou, Bo Liu, Yuelong Shu…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:734
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Systematic reviews suggest that the incidence of diagnosed tuberculosis is two- to- three times higher in those with diabetes mellitus than in those without. Few studies have previously reported the associatio...

    Authors: Sarah Lou Bailey, Helen Ayles, Nulda Beyers, Peter Godfrey-Faussett, Monde Muyoyeta, Elizabeth du Toit, John S. Yudkin and Sian Floyd
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:733
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. While the global burden of typhoid fever has been often brought up for attention, the detailed surveillance information has only been available for the limited number of countries. As more efficacious vaccines...

    Authors: Jung-Seok Lee, Vijayalaxmi V. Mogasale, Vittal Mogasale and Kangsung Lee
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:732
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Typhoid fever mainly occurs in (sub) tropical regions where sanitary conditions remain poor. In other regions it occurs mainly among returning travelers or their direct contacts. The aim of this study was to e...

    Authors: F. S. T. Suryapranata, M. Prins and G. J. B. Sonder
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:731
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Mucormycosis is a rare but devastating fungal infection primarily affecting immunocompromised patients such as those with hematological malignancy, bone marrow and solid organ transplantation, and patients wit...

    Authors: Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, Hongbo Yang, Jinlin Song, Sneha S. Kelkar, Xi Yang, Nkechi Azie, Rachel Harrington, Alan Fan, Edward Lee and James R. Spalding
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:730
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. In Sri Lanka pertussis continues to circulate in the community and cases among adolescents and adults have been reported despite 95% coverage of the four dose pertussis vaccination during early childhood. Wani...

    Authors: Shamithra Sigera, Jennifer Perera, Jeyanthakumar Rasarathinam, Dulani Samaranayake and Dileepa Ediriweera
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:729
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. HIV is the leading cause of death among adults in sub-Saharan Africa. However, mortality along the HIV care continuum is poorly described. We combine demographic, epidemiologic, and health services data to est...

    Authors: Eran Bendavid, David Stauffer, Eric Remera, Sabin Nsanzimana, Steve Kanters and Edward J. Mills
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:728
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (LUTI) are very common, and presumably around 200,000 female patients are treated for this annually in Denmark. The current Danish national clinical practice guidel...

    Authors: Filip Jansåker, Niels Frimodt-Møller, Lars Bjerrum and Jenny Dahl Knudsen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:727
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  35. Despite improvements in treatment success rates for tuberculosis (TB), current six-month regimen duration remains a challenge for many National TB Programmes, health systems, and patients. There is increasing ...

    Authors: G. B. Gomez, D. W. Dowdy, M. L. Bastos, A. Zwerling, S. Sweeney, N. Foster, A. Trajman, M. A. Islam, S. Kapiga, E. Sinanovic, G. M. Knight, R. G. White, W. A. Wells, F. G. Cobelens and A. Vassall
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:726
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. The central-line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are the most common healthcare-associated infections in childhood. Despite the international data available on healthcare-associated infections in se...

    Authors: Elisabetta Venturini, Carlotta Montagnani, Alessandra Benni, Sabrina Becciani, Klaus Peter Biermann, Salvatore De Masi, Elena Chiappini, Maurizio de Martino and Luisa Galli
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:725
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Clonorchiasis remains an important zoonotic parasitic disease worldwide. The molecular mechanisms of host-parasite interaction are not fully understood. Non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered to be key r...

    Authors: Su Han, Qiaoran Tang, Xi Lu, Rui Chen, Yihong Li, Jing Shu, Xiaoli Zhang and Jianping Cao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:724
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. In order to control the spread of rubella and reduce the risk for congenital rubella syndrome, an additional rubella vaccination program was set up for all secondary school students since 2008 in Zhejiang, China.

    Authors: Hanqing He, Rui Yan, Xuewen Tang, Yang Zhou, Xuan Deng and Shuyun Xie
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:723
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. TBM (Tuberculous meningitis) is severe form of tuberculosis causing death of one third of the affected individuals or leaving two-third of the survivors disabled. MMP-9 (Matrix metalloproteinase-9) is produced...

    Authors: S. Majeed, P. Singh, N. Sharma and S. Sharma
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:722
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are a leading cause for hospitalizations in the United States. Few studies have addressed the appropriateness of antibiotic therapy in the management of SSTIs without co...

    Authors: Thomas L. Walsh, Lynn Chan, Chelsea I. Konopka, Michael J. Burkitt, Matthew A. Moffa, Derek N. Bremmer, Monika A. Murillo, Courtney Watson and Noreen H. Chan-Tompkins
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:721
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Staphylococcus aureus is among the most common pathogens isolated from blood cultures in Ghana; yet the epidemiology of blood infections in rural settings is poorly described. This study aims to investigate antim...

    Authors: Denise Dekker, Manuel Wolters, Eva Mertens, Kennedy Gyau Boahen, Ralf Krumkamp, Daniel Eibach, Norbert G. Schwarz, Yaw Adu-Sarkodie, Holger Rohde, Martin Christner, Florian Marks, Nimako Sarpong and Jürgen May
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:720
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. In areas where Mycobacterium tuberculosis is endemic, tuberculosis is known to be the most common cause of pericarditis. However, the difficulty in diagnosis may lead to late complications such as constrictive pe...

    Authors: In Young Jung, Young Goo Song, Jun Yong Choi, Moo Hyun Kim, Woo Yong Jeong, Dong Hyun Oh, Yong Chan Kim, Je Eun Song, Eun Jin Kim, Ji Un Lee, Su Jin Jeong, Nam Su Ku and June Myung Kim
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:719
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. The preferred regimen for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is based mainly on safety and tolerability because it is given to immunocompetent people without HIV infection for a limited time (28 days). The fr...

    Authors: Nadia Valin, Laurent Fonquernie, Anne Daguenel, Pauline Campa, Theresita Anthony, Marguerite Guiguet, Pierre Marie Girard and Marie Caroline Meyohas
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:718
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common cause of non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in all age groups worldwide. The NoVs circulating in Huzhou over the past 7 years were predominantly GII.4 genotypes. I...

    Authors: Peng Zhang, Liping Chen, Yun Fu, Lei Ji, Xiaofang Wu, Deshun Xu and Jiankang Han
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:717
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. A livestock-associated clonal lineage (ST398) of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been identified causing colonization or infection in farm workers. The aim of the study was to analyze the p...

    Authors: Esteban Reynaga, Marian Navarro, Anna Vilamala, Pere Roure, Manuel Quintana, Marian Garcia-Nuñez, Raül Figueras, Carmen Torres, Gianni Lucchetti and Miquel Sabrià
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:716
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Secondary dengue causes more severe disease than the primary. Early on, it is important to differentiate the two. We tried to find important clinical and laboratory differences between the two for the purpose ...

    Authors: Khalid Hamid Changal, Ab Hameed Raina, Adnan Raina, Manzoor Raina, Rehana Bashir, Muzamil Latief, Tanveer Mir and Qayum Hamid Changal
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:715
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Although Drug resistance tuberculosis is not a new phenomenon, Mali remains one of the “blank” countries without systematic data.

    Authors: B. Diarra, D. Goita, S. Tounkara, M. Sanogo, B. Baya, A. C. G. Togo, M. Maiga, Y. S. Sarro, A. Kone, B. Kone, O. M’Baye, N. Coulibaly, H. Kassambara, A. Cisse, M. Belson, M. A. Polis…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:714
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Modern combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has improved survival for people living with HIV (PLWHIV). Non-AIDS comorbidities have replaced opportunistic infections as leading causes of mortality and morb...

    Authors: Andreas Ronit, Judith Haissman, Ditte Marie Kirkegaard-Klitbo, Thomas Skårup Kristensen, Anne-Mette Lebech, Thomas Benfield, Jan Gerstoft, Henrik Ullum, Lars Køber, Andreas Kjær, Klaus Kofoed, Jørgen Vestbo, Børge Nordestgaard, Jens Lundgren and Susanne Dam Nielsen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:713
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  49. To compare the related factors or manifestations of the two most common isolates of post-operative endophthalmitis, which were Enterococcus spp. and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) in South Korea.

    Authors: Ki Yup Nam, Hyun Wong Kim, Woo Jin Jeung, Jung Min Park, Jong Moon Park, In Young Chung, Yong Seop Han, Bu Sup Oum, Ji Eun Lee, Ik Soo Byon, Il Han Yun, Joo Eun Lee, Hee Sung Yoon, Dong Park, Byeng Chul Yu and Sang Joon Lee
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:706
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Parasitic infections are still a significant health problem in rural areas in developing countries including Iran. There is no recent population-based data about the prevalence of human intestinal parasites in...

    Authors: Bahador Sarkari, Ghasem Hosseini, Mohammad Hossein Motazedian, Mohammad Fararouei and Abdolali Moshfe
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:703
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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