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  1. Several clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of fluconazole as empiric antifungal therapy in cancer patients with fever and neutropenia. Our objective was to assess the frequency and resource utiliza...

    Authors: Donghui T Yu, Diane L Seger, Josh F Peterson, Ritesh N Kumar and David W Bates
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:173
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Both religious practices and male circumcision (MC) have been associated with HIV and other sexually-transmitted infectious diseases. Most studies have been limited in size and have not adequately controlled f...

    Authors: Paul K Drain, Daniel T Halperin, James P Hughes, Jeffrey D Klausner and Robert C Bailey
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:172
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Wound infections are a common complication of surgery that add significantly to the morbidity of patients and costs of treatment. The global trend towards reducing length of hospital stay post-surgery and the ...

    Authors: Emily S Petherick, Jane E Dalton, Peter J Moore and Nicky Cullum
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:170
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), a group of neurodegenerative diseases, are thought to be caused by an abnormal isoform of a naturally occurring protein known as cellular prion protein, PrPC. The...

    Authors: Konstantia Kotta, Ioannis Paspaltsis, Sevasti Bostantjopoulou, Helen Latsoudis, Andreas Plaitakis, Dimitrios Kazis, John Collinge and Theodoros Sklaviadis
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:169
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  6. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) continues to be a major cause of serious infections in hospitals and in the community worldwide. In this study, MRSA isolated from patients in Kuwait hospitals w...

    Authors: Edet E Udo, Noura Al-Sweih, Eiman Mokaddas, Molly Johny, Rita Dhar, Huda H Gomaa, Inaam Al-Obaid and Vincent O Rotimi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:168
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Low levels of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) viral load are frequently detected following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) and CMV disease may still develop in some allogeneic SCT patients who have negative p...

    Authors: Giuseppe Gentile, Alessandra Picardi, Angela Capobianchi, Alessandra Spagnoli, Laura Cudillo, Teresa Dentamaro, Andrea Tendas, Luca Cupelli, Marco Ciotti, Antonio Volpi, Sergio Amadori, Pietro Martino and Paolo de Fabritiis
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:167
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Ureaplasma urealyticum and U. parvum have been associated with respiratory diseases in premature newborns, but their role in the pathogenesis of the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is unclear. The aim of thi...

    Authors: Rosario Cultrera, Silva Seraceni, Rossella Germani and Carlo Contini
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:166
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Data on the subtypes of HIV in a population help in predicting the potential foci of epidemic, tracking the routes of infection and following the patterns of the virus' genetic divergence. Globally, the most p...

    Authors: Saeed Khan, Mohammad A Rai, Mohammad R Khanani, Muhammad N Khan and Syed H Ali
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:164
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. The nosocomial acquisition of Candida albicans is a growing concern in intensive care units (ICUs) and understanding the route of contamination is relevant for infection control guidelines.

    Authors: Odile Eloy, Stéphanie Marque, Françoise Botterel, François Stephan, Jean-Marc Costa, Virginie Lasserre and Stéphane Bretagne
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:162
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. African malaria vectors bite predominantly indoors at night so sleeping under an Insecticide-Treated Net (ITN) can greatly reduce malaria risk. Behavioural adaptation by mosquitoes to increasing ITN coverage c...

    Authors: Gerry F Killeen, Japhet Kihonda, Edith Lyimo, Fred R Oketch, Maya E Kotas, Evan Mathenge, Joanna A Schellenberg, Christian Lengeler, Thomas A Smith and Chris J Drakeley
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:161
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. To establish the magnitude of bacteraemia in severely malnourished children, and describe the types of bacteria and antimicrobial sensitivity by HIV status.

    Authors: Hanifa Bachou, Thorkild Tylleskär, Deogratias H Kaddu-Mulindwa and James K Tumwine
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:160
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Over the last years, the mean age of subjects with HIV infection and AIDS is increasing. Moreover, some epidemiological and clinical differences between younger and older HIV-infected individuals have been obs...

    Authors: MaMercedes Nogueras, Gemma Navarro, Esperança Antón, Montserrat Sala, Manel Cervantes, MaJosé Amengual and Ferran Segura
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:159
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Recent investigations on the antifungal properties of essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel (Tea Tree Oil, TTO) have been performed with reference to the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. However, there i...

    Authors: Francesca Mondello, Flavia De Bernardis, Antonietta Girolamo, Antonio Cassone and Giuseppe Salvatore
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:158
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes complicated biochemical, immunological and histological changes in host immune response against the virus which can be specific or non-specific. Recent attention has...

    Authors: Ilknur Kaleli, Melek Demir, Nural Cevahir, Mustafa Yılmaz and Suleyman Demir
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:157
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Glycopeptides such as vancomycin are frequently the antibiotics of choice for the treatment of infections caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). For the last 7 years incidence of vancomycin...

    Authors: Hare Krishna Tiwari and Malay Ranjan Sen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:156
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Disseminated mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) occurs mainly in immunocompromised hosts, which is associated with abnormal cellular immunity.

    Authors: Joon Young Song, Cheong Won Park, Sae Yoon Kee, Won Seok Choi, Eun Young Kang, Jang Wook Sohn, Woo Joo Kim, Min Ja Kim and Hee Jin Cheong
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:154
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  21. Listeriosis is a rare disease caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, the normal vehicle of which is food. The disease, which is largely confined to its risk groups of pregnant women, the elderly and immu...

    Authors: Gonçalo N Almeida, Paul A Gibbs, Tim A Hogg and Paula C Teixeira
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:153
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection has been implicated as a potential risk factor for atherosclerosis, however the mechanism leading to persistent infection and its role in the disease process remains to be eluc...

    Authors: Nicole Borel, Sanghamitra Mukhopadhyay, Carmen Kaiser, Erin D Sullivan, Richard D Miller, Peter Timms, James T Summersgill, Julio A Ramirez and Andreas Pospischil
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:152
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Only a minority of probable SARS cases caused transmission. We assess if any epidemiological or clinical factors in SARS index patients were associated with increased probability of transmission.

    Authors: Mark IC Chen, Angela LP Chow, Arul Earnest, Hoe Nam Leong and Yee Sin Leo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:151
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. A low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white-blood cell count (WBC) has been identified as an independent risk factor for adverse outcome in adults with bacterial meningitis. Whereas a low CSF WBC indicates the prese...

    Authors: Martijn Weisfelt, Diederik van de Beek, Lodewijk Spanjaard, Johannes B Reitsma and Jan de Gans
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:149
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Past clinical trials of antimicrobial treatment in soft tissue infections have focused on non-standardized clinical and physiological outcome variables, and have not considered the subjective experience of pat...

    Authors: Aric J Storck, Kevin B Laupland, Ronald R Read, Manuel W Mah, John M Gill, Deborah Nevett and Thomas J Louie
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:148
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. In May 2003 the Soest County Health Department was informed of an unusually large number of patients hospitalized with atypical pneumonia.

    Authors: Klaudia Porten, Jürgen Rissland, Almira Tigges, Susanne Broll, Wilfried Hopp, Mechthild Lunemann, Ulrich van Treeck, Peter Kimmig, Stefan O Brockmann, Christiane Wagner-Wiening, Wiebke Hellenbrand and Udo Buchholz
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:147
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Despite the known efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), a large proportion of potentially-eligible HIV-infected patients do not access, and may stand to benefit from this treatment. In orde...

    Authors: Bohdan Nosyk, Huiying Sun, Xin Li, Anita Palepu and Aslam H Anis
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:146
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Enterococci are the third leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infection (BSI). Vancomycin resistant enterococci are common and provide treatment challenges; however questions remain about VRE's pathogenici...

    Authors: Katharine Bar, Hilmar Wisplinghoff, Richard P Wenzel, Gonzalo ML Bearman and Michael B Edmond
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:145
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. CD14 has been postulated to play a role in chlamydial immunity and immunopathology. There is evidence to support this role in human infections but its function in a mouse model has not been investigated.

    Authors: Muhammad T Imtiaz, Justin H Schripsema, Ira M Sigar and Kyle H Ramsey
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:144
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. On 26 December 2004, a tsunami struck the coast of the state of Tamil Nadu, India, where one-dose measles coverage exceeded 95%. On 29 December, supplemental measles immunization activities targeted children 6...

    Authors: Arumugam Mohan, Manoj V Murhekar, Niteen S Wairgkar, Yvan J Hutin and Mohan D Gupte
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:143
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Current theories underline the crucial role of pro-inflammatory mediators produced by monocytes for the pathogenesis of sepsis. Since monocytes derive from progenitor hemopoetic cells, the kinetics of stem cel...

    Authors: Thomas Tsaganos, Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Spyridon Kollias, Dimitrios Zervakis, Vassiliki Karagianni, Aimilia Pelekanou, Ekaterini-Christina Tampaki, Marina Kontogiorgi, Apostolos Koroneos, Nikolaos Drakoulis, Apostolos Armaganidis, Charis Roussos and Helen Giamarellou
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:142
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Since the introduction of HAART the incidence of HIV dementia has declined and HAART seems to improve neurocognitive function in patients with HIV dementia. Currently, HIV dementia develops mainly in patients ...

    Authors: Lars-Magnus Andersson, Lars Hagberg, Lars Rosengren, Dietmar Fuchs, Kaj Blennow and Magnus Gisslén
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:141
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  34. Basidiobolomycosis is a rare disease caused by the fungus Basidiobolus ranarum, member of the class Zygomycetes, order Entomophthorales, found worldwide. Usually basidiobolomycosis is a subcutaneous infection but...

    Authors: Guido EL van den Berk, L Arnold Noorduyn, Ruud J van Ketel, Jeannouel van Leeuwen, Willem A Bemelman and Jan M Prins
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:140
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  35. Determinants of the clinical presentation of the leishmaniases are poorly understood but Leishmania species and strain differences are important. To examine the relationship between clinical presentation, species...

    Authors: Manuel Calvopina, Rodrigo X Armijos, Jorge D Marco, Hiroshi Uezato, Hirotomo Kato, Eduardo A Gomez, Masataka Korenaga, Paola A Barroso, Tatsuyuki Mimori, Philip J Cooper, Shigeo Nonaka and Yoshihisa Hashiguchi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:139
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Though influenza vaccines are the cornerstone of medical interventions aimed at protecting individuals against epidemic influenza, their effectiveness in HIV infected individuals is not certain. With the recen...

    Authors: Julius Atashili, Linda Kalilani and Adaora A Adimora
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:138
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Endocarditis is a common complication in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB). We compared risk factors, clinical manifestations, and outcome in a large, prospective cohort of patients with S. aureus endocardit...

    Authors: Eeva Ruotsalainen, Kari Sammalkorpi, Janne Laine, Kaisa Huotari, Seppo Sarna, Ville Valtonen and Asko Järvinen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:137
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. HAART has improved the survival of HIV infected patients. However, compared to patients in high-income countries, patients in resource-poor countries have higher mortality rates. Our objective was to identify ...

    Authors: Degu Jerene, Aschalew Endale, Yewubnesh Hailu and Bernt Lindtjørn
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:136
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of annual review of the infection control practice in all Ministry of Health hospitals in the holy city of Makkah, Saudi Arabia, during the Hajj period of...

    Authors: Tariq A Madani, Ali M Albarrak, Mohammad A Alhazmi, Tarik A Alazraqi, Abdulahakeem O Althaqafi and Abdulrahman H Ishaq
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:135
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Schistosomiasis affects the reproductive health of women. Described sequelae are ectopic pregnancy, infertility, abortion, and cervical lesions and symptoms mimicking cervical cancer and STIs. There are indica...

    Authors: Britta Swai, Gabriele Poggensee, Sabina Mtweve and Ingela Krantz
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:134
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. End stage renal disease patients are at risk of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infections. The first reports of VRE isolation were from hemodialysis patients. However, to date, VRE fecal colonization ...

    Authors: Maria Cecília S Freitas, Alvaro Pacheco-Silva, Dulce Barbosa, Suzane Silbert, Hélio Sader, Ricardo Sesso and Luis Fernando A Camargo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:133
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Several acute illness severity scores have been proposed for evaluating patients on admission to intensive care units but these have not been compared for patients with nosocomial bloodstream infection (nBSI)....

    Authors: Alexandre R Marra, Gonzalo ML Bearman, Richard P Wenzel and Michael B Edmond
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:132
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Purified water for pharmaceutical purposes must be free of microbial contamination and pyrogens. Even with the additional sanitary and disinfecting treatments applied to the system (sequential operational stag...

    Authors: Priscila G Mazzola, Alzira MS Martins and Thereza CV Penna
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:131
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. The reemergence of epidemic diphtheria in Belarus in 1990s has provided us with important information on the biology of the disease and the diversity of the causative agent Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Molecular ...

    Authors: Valentina Kolodkina, Leonid Titov, Tatyana Sharapa, Francine Grimont, Patrick AD Grimont and Androulla Efstratiou
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:129
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important pathogen that can cause severe illness in infants and young children. In this study, we assessed whether data on RSV collected by the European Influenza Survei...

    Authors: Tamara J Meerhoff, Douglas Fleming, Ann Smith, Anne Mosnier, Arianne B van Gageldonk-Lafeber and W John Paget
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:128
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Combined kidney pancreas transplantation (PTx) evolved as excellent treatment for diabetic nephropathy. Infections remain common and serious complications.

    Authors: Natalie Berger, Sigmund Guggenbichler, Wolfgang Steurer, Christian Margreiter, Gert Mayer, Reinhold Kafka, Walter Mark, Alexander R Rosenkranz, Raimund Margreiter and Hugo Bonatti
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:127
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) continues to be a problem for clinicians worldwide. However, few data on the antibiotic susceptibility patterns ...

    Authors: Adebayo O Shittu and Johnson Lin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:125
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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