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  1. To assess the risk and the prognostic significance of tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in patients from The TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database, a multi-centre prospective cohort of HIV-infected patients receivin...

    Authors: Jialun Zhou, Julian Elliott, Patrick CK Li, Poh Lian Lim, Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul, Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy, Tuti Parwati Merati, Sanjay Pujari, Yi-Ming A Chen, Praphan Phanuphak, Saphonn Vonthanak, Thira Sirisanthana, Somnuek Sungkanuparph, Christopher KC Lee, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, Shinichi Oka…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:46
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination led to a significant decrease in invasive bacterial infections in children. The aim of this study was to assess a potential shift to more non-type b invasive inf...

    Authors: Helen Kalies, Anette Siedler, Britta Gröndahl, Veit Grote, Astrid Milde-Busch and Rüdiger von Kries
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:45
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. The diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis (TB) is difficult, especially so in health care facilities in developing countries where laparoscopy and colonoscopy are rarely available. There is little information on...

    Authors: Edford Sinkala, Sylvia Gray, Isaac Zulu, Victor Mudenda, Lameck Zimba, Sten H Vermund, Francis Drobniewski and Paul Kelly
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:44
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. In Southeast Asia, HIV-infected patients frequently die during TB treatment. Many physicians are reluctant to treat HIV-infected TB patients with anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and have questions about the adde...

    Authors: Jay K Varma, Sriprapa Nateniyom, Somsak Akksilp, Wiroj Mankatittham, Chawin Sirinak, Wanchai Sattayawuthipong, Channawong Burapat, Wanitchaya Kittikraisak, Patama Monkongdee, Kevin P Cain, Charles D Wells and Jordan W Tappero
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:42
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Clinical outcomes of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species (ESBL-EK) have not been adequately investigated.

    Authors: Kyoung-Ho Song, Jae Hyun Jeon, Wan Beom Park, Sang-Won Park, Hong Bin Kim, Myoung-don Oh, Hyo-Suk Lee, Nam Joong Kim and Kang Won Choe
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:41
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Ukraine was the epicentre of the HIV epidemic in Eastern Europe, which has the most rapidly accelerating HIV epidemic world-wide today; national HIV prevalence is currently estimated at 1.6%. Our objective was...

    Authors: Claire Thorne, Igor Semenenko, Tatyana Pilipenko and Ruslan Malyuta
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:40
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the leading cause of genital ulcer disease in developing countries, including Brazil, and is especially prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM). HSV-2 infection r...

    Authors: Junia Rodrigues, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Francisco I Bastos, Luciane Velasque, Paula M Luz, Claudia TV de Souza, Ingebourg Georg, Jose H Pilotto and Valdilea G Veloso
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:39
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. HIVAIDS is spreading globally, hitting the younger generations. In Pakistan, the prevalence of HIV in high-risk subpopulations is five per cent or higher. This poses a serious threat of a generalised epidemic ...

    Authors: Syed Farid-ul-Hasnain, Eva Johansson and Gunilla Krantz
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:38
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) is recommended for all adults 65 years of age and older and for younger adults with high-risk conditions. While data from national surveys provide information on the p...

    Authors: Lisa A Jackson, Roger Baxter, Allison L Naleway, Edward A Belongia and James Baggs
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:37
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Pneumococcal diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Updated data on drug-resistance from different populations may be important to recognize changes in disease patterns. This study...

    Authors: Angel Vila-Corcoles, Ferran Bejarano-Romero, Elisabeth Salsench, Olga Ochoa-Gondar, Cinta de Diego, Frederic Gomez-Bertomeu, Xavier Raga-Luria, Xavier Cliville-Guasch and Victoria Arija
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:36
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. In Uzbekistan, routine serologic testing has not been available to differentiate etiologies of acute viral hepatitis (AVH). To determine the age groups most affected by hepatitis E virus (HEV) during documente...

    Authors: Makhmudkhan B Sharapov, Michael O Favorov, Tatiana L Yashina, Matthew S Brown, Gennady G Onischenko, Harold S Margolis and Terence L Chorba
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:35
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Migration is one of the major causes of tuberculosis in developed countries. Undocumented patients are usually not screened at the border and are not covered by a health insurance increasing their risk of deve...

    Authors: Patrick Bodenmann, Paul Vaucher, Hans Wolff, Bernard Favrat, Fanny de Tribolet, Eric Masserey and Jean-Pierre Zellweger
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:34
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Gonorrhoea, a bacterial infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, has been increasing in several European countries, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) and teenagers. We describe the epidemiology...

    Authors: Irena Jakopanec, Katrine Borgen and Preben Aavitsland
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:33
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Praziquantel treatment of schistosomiasis during pregnancy was only recommended in 2002; hence the effects of treatment during pregnancy are not fully known. We have therefore evaluated the effects on infectio...

    Authors: Robert Tweyongyere, Patrice A Mawa, Nicholas O Emojong, Harriet Mpairwe, Frances M Jones, Trinh Duong, David W Dunne, Birgitte J Vennervald, Eli Katunguka-Rwakishaya and Alison M Elliott
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Knowledge of predominant microbial patterns in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) constitutes the basis for initial decisions about empirical antimicrobial treatment, so a prospective study was performed durin...

    Authors: Youning Liu, Minjun Chen, Tiemei Zhao, Hui Wang, Rui Wang, Baiqiang Cai, Bin Cao, Tieying Sun, Yunjian Hu, Qingyu Xiu, Xin Zhou, Xing Ding, Lan Yang, Jiansheng Zhuo, Yingchun Tang, Kouxing Zhang…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:31
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Increasing reports of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections are of serious concern. Reliable susceptibility testing results remains a critical issue for the clinical outcome. Automated systems a...

    Authors: Canan Kulah, Elif Aktas, Fusun Comert, Nagihan Ozlu, Isin Akyar and Handan Ankarali
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:30
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Targeted chlamydia screening has been advocated to reduce chlamydia associated reproductive sequelae. General practitioners are well positioned to play a major role in chlamydia control. The primary aim of thi...

    Authors: Jade E Bilardi, Lena A Sanci, Christopher K Fairley, Jane S Hocking, Danielle Mazza, Dot J Henning, Susan M Sawyer, Michelle J Wills, Debra A Wilson and Marcus Y Chen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:29
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. John Cunningham virus (JCV) constitutes a family of polyoma viruses, which plays important roles in the progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and tumorigenesis. However, no bibliometric investigatio...

    Authors: Hua-chuan Zheng, Lei Yan, Lei Cui, Yi-fu Guan and Yasuo Takano
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:28
    Content type: Correspondence Published on:

  21. Nosocomial infections due to multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii are often treated with colistin, but there are few data comparing its safety and efficacy with other antimicrobials.

    Authors: Ronald Gounden, Colleen Bamford, Richard van Zyl-Smit, Karen Cohen and Gary Maartens
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. A high proportion of children with persistent diarrhoea in middle and low income countries die. The best treatment is not clear. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial ...

    Authors: Katharine Abba, Rebecca Sinfield, C Anthony Hart and Paul Garner
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens could serve as surrogate markers of treatment response.

    Authors: Samantha Ribeiro, Kelly Dooley, Judith Hackman, Carla Loredo, Anne Efron, Richard E Chaisson, Marcus B Conde, Neio Boechat and Susan E Dorman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Current and past pertussis epidemiology in the two parts of Germany is compared in the context of different histories of vaccination recommendations and coverage to better understand patterns of disease transm...

    Authors: Wiebke Hellenbrand, Dietmar Beier, Evelin Jensen, Martina Littmann, Christiane Meyer, Hanna Oppermann, Carl-Heinz Wirsing von König and Sabine Reiter
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:22
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Identifying novel TB diagnostics is a major public health priority. We explored the diagnostic characteristics of antimycobacterial lymphocyte proliferation assays (LPA) in HIV-infected subjects with latent or...

    Authors: Timothy Lahey, Mecky Matee, Lillian Mtei, Muhammad Bakari, Kisali Pallangyo and C Fordham von Reyn
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:21
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Children aged between one and five years are particularly vulnerable to disease caused by soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Periodic deworming has been shown to improve growth, micronutrient status (iron and v...

    Authors: Patrick Kirwan, Samuel O Asaolu, Síle F Molloy, Titilayo C Abiona, Andrew L Jackson and Celia V Holland
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Suitable algorithms based on a combination of two or more simple rapid HIV assays have been shown to have a diagnostic accuracy comparable to double enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or double ELISA wi...

    Authors: Eligius F Lyamuya, Said Aboud, Willy K Urassa, Jaffer Sufi, Judica Mbwana, Faustin Ndugulile and Charles Massambu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. West Nile Virus (WNV) is endemic in Israel and a significant level of antibodies is present in the population due to natural exposure. Anecdotal cases suggested that the presence of anti-WNV antibodies in intr...

    Authors: David Ben-Nathan, Orly Gershoni-Yahalom, Itzchak Samina, Yevgeny Khinich, Israel Nur, Orgad Laub, Ahuva Gottreich, Michael Simanov, Angel Porgador, Bracha Rager-Zisman and Nadav Orr
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:18
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Developing vaccines for the prevention of human infection by H5N1 influenza viruses is an urgent task. DNA vaccines are a novel alternative to conventional vaccines and should contribute to the prophylaxis of ...

    Authors: Liyun Zheng, Fuyan Wang, Zhongdong Yang, Jianjun Chen, Haiyan Chang and Ze Chen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:17
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. High grade HPV infections and persistence are the strongest risk factors for cervical cancer. Nevertheless other genital microorganisms may be involved in the progression of HPV associated lesions.

    Authors: Rosita Verteramo, Alessandra Pierangeli, Emanuela Mancini, Ettore Calzolari, Mauro Bucci, John Osborn, Rosa Nicosia, Fernanda Chiarini, Guido Antonelli and Anna Marta Degener
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:16
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. A new generation of diagnostic tests, the interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs), have been developed for the detection of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Limited data are available on their use in HIV-infe...

    Authors: Naasha J Talati, Ulrich Seybold, Bianca Humphrey, Abiola Aina, Jane Tapia, Paul Weinfurter, Rachel Albalak and Henry M Blumberg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:15
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Little is known about the prevalence of HIV or HCV in injecting drug users (IDUs) in Serbia and Montenegro. We measured prevalence of antibodies to HIV (anti-HIV) and hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), and risk fac...

    Authors: Ali Judd, Tim Rhodes, Lisa G Johnston, Lucy Platt, Violeta Andjelkovic, Danijela Simić, Boban Mugosa, Milena Simić, Sonja Žerjav, Ruth P Parry and John V Parry
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:14
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Monitoring the incidence of bacterial meningitis is important to plan and evaluate preventive polices. The study's aim was to estimate the incidence of bacterial meningitis by aetiological agent in the period ...

    Authors: Paolo Giorgi Rossi, Jessica Mantovani, Eliana Ferroni, Antonio Forcina, Elena Stanghellini, Filippo Curtale and Piero Borgia
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:13
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The identification and differentiation of strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting has provided a better understanding of the epidemiology and tracing the transmission of tuberculosis. We set o...

    Authors: Benon B Asiimwe, Moses L Joloba, Solomon Ghebremichael, Tuija Koivula, David P Kateete, Fred A Katabazi, Alexander Pennhag, Ramona Petersson and Gunilla Kallenius
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Epidemiological surveillance of infectious diseases through the mandatory-reporting system is crucial in the planning and evaluation of disease control and prevention program. This study investigated the repor...

    Authors: Hsiu-Fen Tan, Chia-Yu Yeh, Hsueh-Wei Chang, Chen-Kang Chang and Hung-Fu Tseng
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Mupirocin is a topical antimicrobial agent which is used for the treatment of skin and postoperative wound infections, and the prevention of nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). H...

    Authors: Adebayo O Shittu, Edet E Udo and Johnson Lin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:10
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Epidemiologic studies show a strong association between Ureaplasmas and urogenital tract disease in humans. Since healthy humans can be colonized with Ureaplasmas, its role as a pathogen remains controversial. In...

    Authors: Leticia Reyes, Mary Reinhard and Mary B Brown
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:9
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Plasmid encoded bla CTX-M enzymes represent an important sub-group of class A β-lactamases causing the ESBL phenotype which is increasingly found in Enterobacteriaceae inclu...

    Authors: Hans-Jürg Monstein, Maria Tärnberg and Lennart E Nilsson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:7
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Gingivitis has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcome (APO). Bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been associated with APO. We assessed if bacterial counts in BV is associated with gingivitis suggesting a systemic i...

    Authors: Rutger Persson, Jane Hitti, Rita Verhelst, Mario Vaneechoutte, Rigmor Persson, Regula Hirschi, Marianne Weibel, Marilynn Rothen, Marleen Temmerman, Kathleen Paul and David Eschenbach
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Until recently, mathematical models of person to person infectious diseases transmission had to make assumptions on transmissions enabled by personal contacts by estimating the so-called WAIFW-matrix. In order...

    Authors: Niel Hens, Nele Goeyvaerts, Marc Aerts, Ziv Shkedy, Pierre Van Damme and Philippe Beutels
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:5
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) can cause Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) with neurological complications, which may rapidly progress to fulminant cardiorespiratory failure, and death. Early recognition of c...

    Authors: Mong How Ooi, See Chang Wong, Anand Mohan, Yuwana Podin, David Perera, Daniella Clear, Sylvia del Sel, Chae Hee Chieng, Phaik Hooi Tio, Mary Jane Cardosa and Tom Solomon
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:3
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Our aim was to determine the efficacy of a trivalent inactivated split virus influenza vaccine (TIV) against culture-confirmed influenza A and/or B in adults 18 to 64 years of age during the 2005/2006 season i...

    Authors: Jiří Beran, Veronika Wertzova, Karel Honegr, Eva Kaliskova, Martina Havlickova, Jiří Havlik, Helena Jirincova, Pascale Van Belle, Varsha Jain, Bruce Innis and Jeanne-Marie Devaster
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:2
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. The amount of CD4 T cells is used for monitoring HIV progression and improvement, and to make decisions to start antiretroviral therapy and prophylactic drugs for opportunistic infections. The aim of this stud...

    Authors: Bernard J Ngowi, Sayoki G Mfinanga, Johan N Bruun and Odd Morkve
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:1
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Preventing HIV transmission is a worldwide public health issue. Vertical transmission of HIV from a mother can be prevented with diagnosis and treatment, but screening incurs cost. The U.S. Virgin Islands foll...

    Authors: Belinda Udeh, Chiedozie Udeh and Nicholas Graves
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2008 8:174
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) causes a wide range of clinical manifestations that together constitute a major burden of disease worldwide. The main route of pneumococcal transmission is through asympto...

    Authors: Tuija Leino, Fabian Hoti, Ritva Syrjänen, Antti Tanskanen and Kari Auranen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2008 8:173
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Single-dose nevirapine (SDNVP) for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) results in the selection of resistance mutants among HIV-infected mothers. The effects of these mutations on the ef...

    Authors: Jan Walter, Louise Kuhn, Chipepo Kankasa, Katherine Semrau, Moses Sinkala, Donald M Thea and Grace M Aldrovandi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2008 8:172
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. The incidence of tuberculosis in Pakistan is 181/100,000 population. However, information about transmission and geographical prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and their evolutionary genetics as we...

    Authors: Mahnaz Tanveer, Zahra Hasan, Amna R Siddiqui, Asho Ali, Akbar Kanji, Solomon Ghebremicheal and Rumina Hasan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2008 8:171
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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