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  1. In April 2009, public health surveillance detected an increased number of influenza-like illnesses in Mexico City’s hospitals. The etiological agent was subsequently determined to be a spread of a worldwide no...

    Authors: Rodolfo Ocadiz-Delgado, Martha Estela Albino-Sanchez, Enrique Garcia-Villa, Maria Guadalupe Aguilar-Gonzalez, Carlos Cabello, Dora Rosete, Fidencio Mejia, Maria Eugenia Manjarrez-Zavala, Carmen Ondarza-Aguilera, Rosa Ma Rivera-Rosales and Patricio Gariglio
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:20
  2. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases at the community level. In order to assess the adequacy of the empirical therapy, the prevalence and the resistance pattern of the ma...

    Authors: Inês Linhares, Teresa Raposo, António Rodrigues and Adelaide Almeida
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:19
  3. Accumulated evidence from epidemiological studies and more recently from randomized controlled trials suggests that male circumcision (MC) may substantially protect against genital HPV infection in men. The pu...

    Authors: Ginesa Albero, Luisa L Villa, Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce, William Fulp, Mary R Papenfuss, Alan G Nyitray, Beibei Lu, Xavier Castellsagué, Martha Abrahamsen, Danélle Smith, F Xavier Bosch, Jorge Salmerón, Manuel Quiterio and Anna R Giuliano
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:18
  4. The primary strategy to interrupt transmission of wild poliovirus in India is to improve supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) and routine immunization coverage in priority districts. The CORE Group, par...

    Authors: William M Weiss, Md Hafizur Rahman, Roma Solomon and Dora Ward
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:17
  5. Knowledge about symptoms and transmission of tuberculosis determines health seeking behavior and helps in prevention of tuberculosis transmission in the community. Such data is useful for policy makers to form...

    Authors: Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, H N Harsha Kumar and John T Arokiasamy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:16

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:542

  6. Incorporation of the solubilizing excipient, sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBECD), in the intravenous (IV) formulation of voriconazole has resulted in the recommendation that this formulation be used with ca...

    Authors: Craig M Lilly, Verna L Welch, Thomas Mayer, Paul Ranauro, Joanne Meisner and David R Luke
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:14
  7. Appropriate immune activation of T cells and macrophages is central for the control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. IFN-γ stimulated responses are lowered in tuberculosis (TB), while expression of Suppr...

    Authors: Kiran I Masood, Martin E Rottenberg, Naseem Salahuddin, Muhammad Irfan, Nisar Rao, Berit Carow, Muniba Islam, Rabia Hussain and Zahra Hasan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:13
  8. The pathogenesis of primary tuberculous pleurisy is a delayed-type hypersensitivity immunogenic reaction to a few mycobacterial antigens entering the pleural space rather than direct tissue destruction by myco...

    Authors: Tsutomu Shinohara, Naoki Shiota, Motohiko Kume, Norihiko Hamada, Keishi Naruse and Fumitaka Ogushi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:12
  9. Listeriosis is a foodborne infection with a low incidence but a high case fatality rate. Unlike common foodborne diseases, the incubation period can be long. The first incubation periods were documented during...

    Authors: Véronique Goulet, Lisa A King, Véronique Vaillant and Henriette de Valk
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:11
  10. The incidence of fungal healthcare-associated infection (HAI) has increased in a major teaching hospital in the northern part of Taiwan over the past decade, especially in the intensive care units (ICUs). The ...

    Authors: Su-Pen Yang, Yin-Yin Chen, Han-Shui Hsu, Fu-Der Wang, Liang-yu Chen and Chang-Phone Fung
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:10
  11. Injection drug users (IDUs) represent a significant proportion of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). The low treatment uptake among these patients results in a low treatment effectiveness and a limited p...

    Authors: André Seidenberg, Thomas Rosemann and Oliver Senn
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:9
  12. Wide use of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin has often led to increased resistance. The resistance rate to these two agents varies in different clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae. Mutations of GyrA within the ...

    Authors: Yingmei Fu, Wenli Zhang, Hong Wang, Song Zhao, Yang Chen, Fanfei Meng, Ying Zhang, Hui Xu, Xiaobei Chen and Fengmin Zhang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:8
  13. Even though it has been suggested that antiretroviral therapy has an impact on severe hypovitaminosis D (SHD) in HIV infected patients, it could be speculated that the different levels of residual inflammation...

    Authors: Thiphaine Ansemant, Sophie Mahy, Christine Piroth, Paul Ornetti, Stephanie Ewing, Jean-Claude Guilland, Delphine Croisier, Laurence Duvillard, Pascal Chavanet, Jean-Francis Maillefert and Lionel Piroth
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:7
  14. Historically, Pacific island countries and territories (PICTs) have been more severely affected by influenza pandemics than any other part of the world. We herein describe the emergence and epidemiologic chara...

    Authors: Jacobus Leen Kool, Boris Igor Pavlin, Jennie Musto and Akanisi Dawainavesi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:6
  15. There are no data available on human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in women living in the Mississippi Delta, where cervical cancer incidence and mortality among African American women is among the highest in...

    Authors: Philip E Castle, Julia C Gage, Edward E Partridge, Alfio Rausa, Patti E Gravitt and Isabel C Scarinci
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:5
  16. Chromobacterium violaceum is a proteobacterium found in soil and water in tropical regions. The organism rarely causes infection in humans, yet can cause a severe systemic infection by entering the bloodstream v...

    Authors: James I Campbell, Nguyen Phu Huong Lan, Phan Tu Qui, Le Thi Dung, Jeremy J Farrar and Stephen Baker
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:4
  17. Yunnan has the largest number of reported HIV/AIDS cases among all Chinese provinces, the reported prevalence of HIV among Yunnan men who have sex with men (MSM) passed 10%, while HIV incidence epidemic and mo...

    Authors: Junjie Xu, Minghui An, Xiaoxu Han, Manhong Jia, Yanling Ma, Min Zhang, Qinghai Hu, Zhenxing Chu, Jing Zhang, Yongjun Jiang, Wenqing Geng, Lin Lu and Hong Shang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:3
  18. There are approximately from 1,100 to 1,200 HIV-infected children in a follow-up in Spain. In 2008 an open, multicentral, retrospective and prospective Cohort of the Spanish Paediatric HIV Network (CoRISpe) wa...

    Authors: Ma Isabel de Jose, Santiago Jiménez de Ory, Maria Espiau, Claudia Fortuny, Ma Luisa Navarro, Pere Soler-Palacín and Ma Angeles Muñoz-Fernandez
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:2
  19. The impact of extended use of ART in developing countries has been enormous. A thorough understanding of all factors contributing to the success of antiretroviral therapy is required. The current study aims to...

    Authors: Barbara A Rath, Max von Kleist, Maria E Castillo, Lenka Kolevic, Patricia Caballero, Giselle Soto-Castellares, Angela M Amedee, James E Robinson, David K Katzenstein, Russell B Van Dyke and Richard A Oberhelman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2013 13:1
  20. Expatriates are a distinct population at unique risk for health problems related to their travel exposure.

    Authors: Poh-Lian Lim, Pauline Han, Lin H Chen, Susan MacDonald, Prativa Pandey, DeVon Hale, Patricia Schlagenhauf, Louis Loutan, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Xiaohong M Davis and David O Freedman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:386
  21. To describe the epidemiology and possible risk factors for the development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Namibia.

    Authors: Philip M Ricks, Farai Mavhunga, Surbhi Modi, Rosalia Indongo, Abbas Zezai, Lauren A Lambert, Nick DeLuca, Jamie S Krashin, Allyn K Nakashima and Timothy H Holtz
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:385
  22. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a highly lethal infectious disease and early diagnosis of TB is critical for the control of disease progression. The objective of this study was to profile a panel of serum micro...

    Authors: Yuhua Qi, Lunbiao Cui, Yiyue Ge, Zhiyang Shi, Kangchen Zhao, Xiling Guo, Dandan Yang, Hao Yu, Lan Cui, Yunfeng Shan, Minghao Zhou, Hua Wang and Zuhong Lu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:384
  23. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) and trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus (TSPyV) are recently found pathogens causing two rare skin disorders, Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) and trichodysplasia spinulo...

    Authors: Mohammadreza Sadeghi, Matti Aronen, Tingting Chen, Laura Jartti, Tuomas Jartti, Olli Ruuskanen, Maria Söderlund-Venermo and Klaus Hedman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:383
  24. The emergence of an HIV-1 epidemic in China was first recognized in Dehong, western Yunnan. Due to its geographic location, Dehong contributed greatly in bridging HIV-1 epidemics in Southeast Asia and China th...

    Authors: Min Chen, Yanling Ma, Song Duan, Hui Xing, Shitang Yao, Yingzhen Su, Hongbing Luo, Li Yang, Huichao Chen, Liru Fu, Aijuan Qu, Chin-Yih Ou, Manhong Jia and Lin Lu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:382
  25. Viral load monitoring (VLM) to identify individuals failing antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not widely available in resource-limited settings. We compared the genotypic resistance patterns between clients with...

    Authors: Steven J Reynolds, Hakim Sendagire, Kevin Newell, Barbara Castelnuovo, Immaculate Nankya, Moses Kamya, Thomas C Quinn, Yukari C Manabe and Andrew Kambugu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:381
  26. The immune response to Schistosoma mansoni is characterized by a granulomatous reaction around the parasite eggs that are trapped in the host liver, and this reaction modulates the immune response during the chro...

    Authors: Roberta Oliveira-Prado, Iramaya Rodrigues Caldas, Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho, Marcus Vinicius Andrade, Rafaelle Christine Gomes Fares, Laís Maroni Portugal, Andréa Gazzinelli, Rodrigo Corrêa-Oliveira and José Renan Cunha-Melo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:380
  27. False negative and indeterminate Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) results are a well documented problem. Cigarette smoking is known to increase the risk of tuberculosis (TB) and to impair Interferon-gamma...

    Authors: Martine G Aabye, Thomas Stig Hermansen, Morten Ruhwald, George PrayGod, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen, Kidola Jeremiah, Maria Faurholt-Jepsen, Nyagosya Range, Henrik Friis, John Changalucha, Aase B Andersen and Pernille Ravn
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:379
  28. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health problem. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk behaviors for HBV infection among high risk groups in Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad provi...

    Authors: Abdolmajid Khosravani, Bahador Sarkari, Halimeh Negahban, Asghar Sharifi, Mehdi Akbartabar Toori and Owrang Eilami
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:378
  29. More than 50% of patients infected with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) do not respond to treatment with conventional interferon (IFN) combined with ribavirin (RBV). The aim of our study was to evaluate the ef...

    Authors: Simara Artico, Karine Medeiros Amaral, Candice Beatriz Treter Gonçalves and Paulo Dornelles Picon
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:377
  30. Although cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is an emerging disease worldwide, there have been few studies of the characteristics and risk factors of CM in children.

    Authors: Jianhua Guo, Jikun Zhou, Shiyong Zhang, Xin Zhang, Jing Li, Yinqi Sun and Shunxiang Qi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:376
  31. There is a lack of consensus regarding the definition of risk factors for healthcare-associated infection (HCAI). The purpose of this study was to identify additional risk factors for HCAI, which are not inclu...

    Authors: Teresa Cardoso, Orquídea Ribeiro, Irene César Aragão, Altamiro Costa-Pereira and António Eugénio Sarmento
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:375
  32. The Interleukin 28B (IL28B) rs12979860 polymorphisms was recently reported to be associated with the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) proviral load (PvL) and the development of the HTLV-1-associated...

    Authors: Sabri Saeed Sanabani, Youko Nukui, Juliana Pereira, Antonio Charlys da Costa, Ana Carolina Soares de Oliveira, Rodrigo Pessôa, Fabio Eudes Leal, Aluisio C Segurado, Esper Georges Kallas and Ester Cerdeira Sabino
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:374
  33. Emergence of rmtB-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-KP) poses a great threat to antimicrobial treatment options.

    Authors: Jun-Jie Li, Zi-Ke Sheng, Mei Deng, Sheng Bi, Fei-Shu Hu, Hai-Feng Miao, Zhong-Kang Ji, Ji-Fang Sheng and Lan-Juan Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:373
  34. Tuberculosis is one of the most infectious diseases in the world. Molecular typing methods such as spoligotyping, and VNTR (variable number tandem repeats), IS6110 in the NTF region and LSP (large sequence polymo...

    Authors: Bing Lu, Ping Zhao, Binbin Liu, Haiyan Dong, Qin Yu, Xiuqin Zhao and Kanglin Wan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:372
  35. Fluoroquinolone resistant E. coli isolates, that are also resistant to other classes of antibiotics, is a significant challenge to antibiotic treatment and infection control policies. In Central Greece a signific...

    Authors: Angeliki Mavroidi, Vivi Miriagou, Apostolos Liakopoulos, Εva Tzelepi, Angelos Stefos, George N Dalekos and Efthymia Petinaki
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:371
  36. Clostridium difficile (CD) has increasingly become recognised as a significant international health burden, often associated with the healthcare environment. The upsurge in incidence of CD coincided with the eme...

    Authors: Stefano Di Bella, Maria Grazia Paglia, Emma Johnson and Nicola Petrosillo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:370
  37. The increasing problem of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) [ie resistant to at least isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF)] is becoming a global problem. Successful treatment outcome for MDR-TB depe...

    Authors: Halima M Said, Marleen M Kock, Nazir A Ismail, Kamaldeen Baba, Shaheed V Omar, Ayman G Osman, Anwar A Hoosen and Marthie M Ehlers
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:369
  38. HIV integrase inhibitor use is limited by low genetic barrier to resistance and possible cross-resistance among representatives of this class of antiretrovirals. The aim of this study was to analyse integrase ...

    Authors: Miłosz Parczewski, Dorota Bander, Anna Urbańska and Anna Boroń-Kaczmarska
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:368
  39. Wolfsburg HPV Epidemiological Study (WOLVES) is a population-based cohort study on HPV infections and associated diseases in the pre-vaccination era in young women in Wolfsburg, Germany.

    Authors: Karl Ulrich Petry, Alexander Luyten, Annika Justus, Angelika Iftner, Sarah Strehlke, Renate Schulze-Rath and Thomas Iftner
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:367
  40. Streptococcus pneumoniae (Pnc), nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) and Moraxella catarrhalis (Mcat) are the most important bacterial pathogens associated with otitis media (OM). Previous studies have sugg...

    Authors: Wenxing Sun, Peter Jacoby, Thomas V Riley, Jacinta Bowman, Amanda Jane Leach, Harvey Coates, Sharon Weeks, Allan Cripps and Deborah Lehmann
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:366
  41. Acute viral respiratory infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in humans worldwide. The etiological backgrounds of these infections remain unconfirmed in most clinical cases. The aim of t...

    Authors: Monika Jevšnik, Tina Uršič, Nina Žigon, Lara Lusa, Uroš Krivec and Miroslav Petrovec
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:365
  42. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complication of severe malaria, and rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria is an uncommon cause. We report an unusual case of severe falciparum malaria with dengue coinfection complic...

    Authors: Kok Pin Yong, Ban Hock Tan and Chian Yong Low
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:364
  43. In 2009 a new influenza serotype (AH1N1) was identified in Mexico that spread rapidly generating worldwide alarm. San Luis Potosi (SLP) was the third state with more cases reported in that year. The clinical i...

    Authors: Juan Pablo Castillo-Palencia, Lucie Laflamme and Joel Monárrez-Espino
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:363
  44. Most cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and subsequent liver diseases can be prevented with universal newborn HBV vaccination. The attitudes of health care workers about HBV vaccination and their willi...

    Authors: Maia Butsashvili, George Kamkamidze, Marina Topuridze, Dale Morse, Wayne Triner, Jack DeHovitz, Kenrad Nelson and Louise-Anne McNutt
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:362
  45. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of minimum inhibiting concentrations (MICs), obtained by broth micro-dilution, and clinical response in patients with cryptococcal meningitis.

    Authors: Chen-Hsiang Lee, Tzu-Yao Chang, Jien-Wei Liu, Fang-Ju Chen, Chun-Chih Chien, Ya-Fen Tang and Cheng-Hsien Lu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:361
  46. The tuberculin skin test (TST) has limitations for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) diagnosis in low-prevalence settings. Previously, all TST-positive individuals referred from the community to Baltimore C...

    Authors: Maunank Shah, Kathryn Miele, Howard Choi, Danielle DiPietro, Maria Martins-Evora, Vincent Marsiglia and Susan Dorman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:360
  47. A high complication rate of Q fever in pregnancy is described on the basis of a limited number of cases. All pregnant women with proven Q fever regardless of clinical symptoms should therefore receive long-ter...

    Authors: Katharina Boden, Andreas Brueckmann, Christiane Wagner-Wiening, Beate Hermann, Klaus Henning, Thomas Junghanss, Thomas Seidel, Michael Baier, Eberhard Straube and Dirk Theegarten
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:359
  48. Treatment of chronically infected wounds is a challenge, and bacterial environmental contamination is a growing issue in infection control. Ozone may have a role in these situations. The objective of this stud...

    Authors: Belchor Fontes, Ana Maria Cattani Heimbecker, Glacus de Souza Brito, Silvia F Costa, Inneke M van der Heijden, Anna S Levin and Samir Rasslan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:358
  49. Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) often leads to severe disability or death. Factors usually associated with outcome include Simplified Acute Physiology Score, age and delay of initiation of acyclovir treatment.

    Authors: Julien Poissy, Karen Champenois, Anny Dewilde, Hugues Melliez, Hugues Georges, Eric Senneville and Yazdan Yazdanpanah
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:356

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