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  1. After publication of the original article [1], we were notified that an author’s name has been incorrectly spelled. Soon You Kwon’s correct full name is Soon Young Kwon.

    Authors: Hyeri Seok, Ji Hoon Jeon, Kyung Ho Oh, Hee Kyoung Choi, Won Suk Choi, Young Hen Lee, Hyung Suk Seo, Soon Young Kwon and Dae Won Park
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:996
    Content type: Correction Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:867

  2. In 2017, an outbreak of onychomadesis occurred in kindergarten H, Hubei province, China. We investigated the field to learn about the magnitude and reason of the outbreak.

    Authors: Dan Li, Yang Wu, Xuesen Xing, Jigui Huang, Anlu Mao, Tian Liu, Ping Rao, Wei Qin, Lijie Zhang, Luzhao Feng, Shangren Gao and Xuhua Guan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:995
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Nontuberculous mycobacteria belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex are recognized as opportunistic pathogens to humans. Mycobacterium arosiense is one of the novel members of the Mycobacterium avium complex...

    Authors: Didi Bang, Erik Michael Rasmussen and Aase Bengaard Andersen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:994
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  4. The goal of this study was to further investigate the clinical effectiveness of the T-SPOT.TB test in diagnosing tuberculosis (TB), including the effects of T-SPOT.TB test on evaluating diverse TB types and locat...

    Authors: Yanfen Ma, Ruicheng Li, Jinghui Shen, Longmei He, Ying Li, Ning Zhang, Qian Wu, Jinling Zhang, Jie Zheng and Xiaoqin Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:993
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Histoplasmosis is one of the invasive fungal infections and presents with symptoms mainly in the lungs. Disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) is rare and its lesions in the gastrointestinal tract are even uncommon....

    Authors: Yini Dang, Longfeng Jiang, Jianfu Zhang, Beijing Pan, Guoqin Zhu, Feipeng Zhu, Zhe Guo, Biao Wang, Guoxin Zhang, Yali Weng and Jun Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:992
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  7. Since 1985, two antigenically distinct lineages of influenza B viruses (Victoria-like and Yamagata-like) have circulated globally. Trivalent seasonal influenza vaccines contain two circulating influenza A stra...

    Authors: Simona Puzelli, Angela Di Martino, Marzia Facchini, Concetta Fabiani, Laura Calzoletti, Giuseppina Di Mario, Annapina Palmieri, Paola Affanni, Barbara Camilloni, Maria Chironna, Pierlanfranco D’Agaro, Simone Giannecchini, Elena Pariani, Caterina Serra, Caterina Rizzo, Antonino Bella…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:990
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. A bacteremia diagnosis with speeded-up identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is mandatory to adjust empirical broad-spectrum antibiotherapy and avoid the emergence of multi-resistant ba...

    Authors: Lidvine Boland, Corentin Streel, Hélène De Wolf, Hector Rodriguez and Alexia Verroken
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:989
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Malaria and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection constitute public health problems in Cameroon including the South West Region (SWR). This study determined the prevalence of malaria parasites and h...

    Authors: Sorelle Mekachie Sandie, Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele, Martin Mih Tasah and Helen Kuokuo Kimbi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:988
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious mainly bacterial infection associated with high mortality. Epidemiology of fatal IE is however largely unknown. We studied occurrence and trends of fatal IE in a popula...

    Authors: Elina Ahtela, Jarmo Oksi, Jussi Sipilä, Päivi Rautava and Ville Kytö
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:987
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Zika virus (ZIKV) infection gained public health concern after the 2015 outbreak in Brazil, when microcephaly rates increased in babies born from infected mothers. It was demonstrated that ZIKV causes a congen...

    Authors: Carolina V. Messias, Julia P. Lemos, Daniela P. Cunha, Zilton Vasconcelos, Lidiane M. S. Raphael, Myrna C. Bonaldo, Bruno Cister-Alves, Dumith Chequer Bou-Habib, Vinicius Cotta-de-Almeida, Wilson Savino and Daniella A. Mendes-da-Cruz
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:986
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Vaccine escape mutants (VEMs) are one of the causes of breakthrough infections in the mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV). We hypothesized that VEMs existing as minor populations in the mat...

    Authors: Haruki Komatsu, Ayano Inui, Yasuto Suzuki, Masaya Sugiyama and Tomoo Fujisawa
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:985
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  13. Burkholderia pseudomallei is a gram-negative bacterium and the causative pathogen of melioidosis, which manifests a variety ranges of infection symptoms. However, deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary emboli...

    Authors: Hua Wu, Dongliang Huang, Biao Wu, Mengjie Pan and Binghuai Lu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:984
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  14. Dermatophytosis is a fungal infectious disease caused by dermatophytes, which produce protease and keratinase to digest keratin, leading to the colonization, invasion, and infection of the stratum corneum of t...

    Authors: Mingrui Zhang, Lanxiang Jiang, Fuqiu Li, Yangchun Xu, Sha Lv and Bing Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:983
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  15. Hepatitis B (HBV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) share common risk factors for exposure. Co-infected patients have an increased liver-related mortality risk and may have accelerated HIV progression. Th...

    Authors: Urvi Rana, Matt Driedger, Paul Sereda, Shenyi Pan, Erin Ding, Alex Wong, Sharon Walmsley, Marina Klein, Deborah Kelly, Mona Loutfy, Rejean Thomas, Stephen Sanche, Abigail Kroch, Nima Machouf, Marie-Helene Roy-Gagnon, Robert Hogg…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:982
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. The ninth outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo occurred in Équateur Province from 8 May-24 July 2018. A system of health facility (HF)-based active case finding (ACF) w...

    Authors: Amber Kunkel, Mory Keita, Boubacar Diallo, Olivier le Polain de Waroux, Lorenzo Subissi, Bocar Wague, Roger Molala, Pierre Lonfandjo, Sébastien Bokoo Bokete, William Perea and Mamoudou Harouna Djingarey
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:981
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) represent a most frequent gastrointestinal emergency and serious cause of morbimortality. A full classification, including all facets of IAIs, does not exist. Two classificati...

    Authors: João Silva-Nunes and Teresa Cardoso
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:980
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Fluoroquinolones are commonly recommended as treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs). The development of resistance to these agents, particularly in gram-negative microorganisms complicates treatment of ...

    Authors: Dalia Nabil Kotb, Wafaa Khairy Mahdy, Mahmoud Shokry Mahmoud and Rasha M. M. Khairy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:979
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Acute diarrhea is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children particularly in developing countries of Asia and Africa. The present study was conducted to detect the two most important pathogens, rotavi...

    Authors: Asma Sadiq, Habib Bokhari, Zobia Noreen, Rai Muhammad Asghar and Nazish Bostan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:978
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Rabies is estimated to cause 59,000 deaths and economic losses of US$8.6 billion every year. Despite several years of rabies surveillance and awareness programmes, increased availability of post-exposure proph...

    Authors: Carlos Sánchez-Soriano, Andrew D. Gibson, Luke Gamble, Jordana L. Burdon Bailey, Samantha Green, Mark Green, Barend M. deC. Bronsvoort, Ian G. Handel, Richard J. Mellanby and Stella Mazeri
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:977
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Diagnosing pneumonia can be challenging in general practice but is essential to distinguish from other respiratory tract infections because of treatment choice and outcome prediction. We determined predictive ...

    Authors: G. H. Groeneveld, J. W. van ’t Wout, N. J. Aarts, C. J. van Rooden, T. J. M. Verheij, C. M. Cobbaert, E. J. Kuijper, J. J. C. de Vries and J. T. van Dissel
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:976
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. The current evidence of extra length of stay (LOS) attributable to healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) scarcely takes time-dependent bias into consideration. Plus, limited evidences were from developing cou...

    Authors: Qian Zhou, Lili Fan, Xiaoquan Lai, Li Tan and Xinping Zhang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:975
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Adjustment of immunosuppression is the main therapy for BK polyomavirus (BKPyV)-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) after kidney transplantation (KT). Studies of BKPyV-specific T cell immune response are scarce. ...

    Authors: Jackrapong Bruminhent, Supranart Srisala, Chompunut Klinmalai, Subencha Pinsai, Siriorn P. Watcharananan, Surasak Kantachuvesiri, Suradej Hongeng and Nopporn Apiwattanakul
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:974
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Diabetes is one of the underlying risk factors for developing community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The high prevalence of diabetes among population and the rising incidence of this illness, converts it as an im...

    Authors: Loreto Arias Fernández, Jacobo Pardo Seco, Miriam Cebey-López, Ruth Gil Prieto, Irene Rivero-Calle, Federico Martinon-Torres, Ángel Gil de Miguel, F. Martinón-Torres, D. Vargas, E. Mascarós, E. Redondo, J. L. Díaz-Maroto, M. Linares-Rufo, A. Gil, J. Molina, D. Ocaña…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:973
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. In recent years, tuberculosis outbreaks in schools have occurred more frequently in China than in other parts of the world, and have posed a public health threat to students and their families. This systematic...

    Authors: Hongdan Bao, Kui Liu, Zikang Wu, Xiaomeng Wang, Chengliang Chai, Tieniu He, Wei Wang, Fei Wang, Ying Peng, Bin Chen and Jianmin Jiang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:972
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Recent reports of the National Ministry of Health and Treatment of Iran (NMHT) show that Gilan has a higher annual incidence rate of leptospirosis than other provinces across the country. Despite several effor...

    Authors: Ali Mohammadinia, Bahram Saeidian, Biswajeet Pradhan and Zeinab Ghaemi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:971
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Acute febrile illness (AFI) is characterized by malaise, myalgia and a raised temperature that is a nonspecific manifestation of infectious diseases in the tropics. The lack of appropriate diagnostics for the ...

    Authors: Divyalakshmi Bhaskaran, Sarabjit Singh Chadha, Sanjay Sarin, Rajashree Sen, Sonia Arafah and Sabine Dittrich
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:970
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a serious infectious disease, which has become a public health problem. Previous studies have shown that temperature may influence the incidence of HFMD, but most only fo...

    Authors: Zece Xu, Wenqi Hu, Kedi Jiao, Ci Ren, Baofa Jiang and Wei Ma
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:969
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. This study investigated the clinical value of interleukin-6 (IL-6), pentraxin 3 (PTX3), and procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with sepsis and septic shock diagnosed according to the Third International Consensus...

    Authors: Juhyun Song, Dae Won Park, Sungwoo Moon, Han-Jin Cho, Jong Hak Park, Hyeri Seok and Won Seok Choi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:968
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Seasonal influenza causes a considerable burden to healthcare services every year. To better measure the impact of severe influenza cases in Romania, we analyzed active surveillance data collected during the 2...

    Authors: Anca Drăgănescu, Oana Săndulescu, Dragoș Florea, Ovidiu Vlaicu, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Dan Oțelea, Monica Luminița Luminos, Victoria Aramă, Sorin Abrudan, Adrian Streinu-Cercel and Daniela Pițigoi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:967
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. The co-occurrence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and malaria in humans in endemic areas raises the question of whether one of these infections affects the course of the other. Although epidemi...

    Authors: Guangjie Liu, Youjia Li, Li Qin, Yongxiang Yan, Yijian Ye, Yue Chen, Cuizhu Huang, Siting Zhao, Yongchao Yao, Zhong Su and Xiaoping Chen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:965
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between clinical and imaging findings with a worse clinical outcome in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of H1N1 influenza A virus.

    Authors: Karla Schoen, Natally Horvat, Nicolau F. C. Guerreiro, Isac de Castro and Karina S. de Giassi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:964
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Colombia was the second most affected country during the American Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic, with over 109,000 reported cases. Despite the scale of the outbreak, limited genomic sequence data were available f...

    Authors: Allison Black, Louise H. Moncla, Katherine Laiton-Donato, Barney Potter, Lissethe Pardo, Angelica Rico, Catalina Tovar, Diana P. Rojas, Ira M. Longini, M. Elizabeth Halloran, Dioselina Peláez-Carvajal, Juan D. Ramírez, Marcela Mercado-Reyes and Trevor Bedford
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:963
    Content type: Research Article Published on:

  35. High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) testing is more sensitive than cytology for the detection of cervical cancer and its precursors. However, limited and inconsistent data are available about the efficacy ...

    Authors: Fengxiang Xie, Liran Zhang, Dongman Zhao, Xuefen Wu, Mingsong Wei, Xuelian Zhang, Xiaohui Wu, Hao Fang, Xue Xu, Meng Yang and Debo Qi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:962
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Clostridioides difficile is considered the main pathogen responsible for hospital-acquired infections. This prospective study determined the prevalence, molecular epidemiological characteristics, and risk factors...

    Authors: Yingchao Cui, Danfeng Dong, Lihua Zhang, Daosheng Wang, Cen Jiang, Qi Ni, Chen Wang, Enqiang Mao and Yibing Peng
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:961
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Streptococcus oralis belongs to the Streptococcus mitis group and is part of the normal flora of the nasal and oropharynx (Koneman et al., The Gram-positive cocci part II: streptococci, enterococci and the ‘Strep...

    Authors: Kishan Patel, Zain Memon, Adam Prince, Connie Park, Abin Sajan and Nazish Ilyas
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:960
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  39. Condomless anal intercourse (CAI) appears to be increasing among men who have sex with men (MSM) globally, and is reported to be as high as 70% in recent studies in Peru. To improve understanding of the evolvi...

    Authors: R. Colby Passaro, Angelica Castañeda-Huaripata, Williams Gonzales-Saavedra, Susan Chavez-Gomez, Eddy R. Segura, Jordan E. Lake, Robinson Cabello and Jesse L. Clark
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:958
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are known to be immune incompetent and experience higher incidences of infectious diseases. However, infective endocarditis (IE) is rarely observed in patients with MM and Morg...

    Authors: Renée van Bentum, Judith Nieken, Esther de Waal and Mels Hoogendoorn
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:957
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  41. Current available treatments (benznidazole and nifurtimox) for Chagas disease (CD) show limited efficacy in chronic phase and frequent undesirable effects. Ergosterol synthesis inhibitors (ESI) had been consid...

    Authors: Pau Bosch-Nicolau, Fernando Salvador, Adrián Sánchez-Montalvá, Elena Sulleiro, Joaquín Burgos and Israel Molina
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:956
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  42. Identification and knowledge of settings with high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is important when aiming for elimination of HCV. The primary aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence ...

    Authors: Caroline Gahrton, Gabriel Westman, Karin Lindahl, Fredrik Öhrn, Olav Dalgard, Christer Lidman, Lars-Håkan Nilsson, Karouk Said, Ann-Sofi Duberg and Soo Aleman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:955
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Localized `and disseminated Nocardia farcinica infection is frequently reported in immunocompromised patients. However, orbital nocardiosis is rare, and, to our knowledge, traumatic orbital nocardiosis that affec...

    Authors: Anan Wang, Qihua Xu, Yaohua Wang and Hongfei Liao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:953
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  45. Osteomyelitis of the pubic symphysis is a rare cause of pelvic pain after delivery, mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

    Authors: Stefano Cosma, Fulvio Borella, Andrea Carosso, Agata Ingala, Federica Fassio, Tiziana Robba, Aldo Maina, Luca Bertero and Chiara Benedetto
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:952
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  46. Bacterial infection of the urinary tract is among the common reasons for seeking medical attention in the community. Rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance of uropathogens is resulting in limited treatment o...

    Authors: Guesh Gebremariam, Haftom Legese, Yemane Woldu, Tadele Araya, Kiflom Hagos and Araya GebreyesusWasihun
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:950
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is an important pathogen that causes diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). After an EHEC outbreak involving uncooked beef, serving raw beef ...

    Authors: Kentaro Iwata and Michihiko Goto
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:949
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause poor outcomes in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients; moreover, it is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the general population. Accordingly, anti-HCMV ...

    Authors: Yeonju La, Da Eun Kwon, Seul Gi Yoo, Kyoung Hwa Lee, Sang Hoon Han and Yong Goo Song
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:948
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. In the pre-vaccine era, invasive disease with Haemophilus influenzae, type b (Hib) commonly presented with osteoarticular involvement. Haemophilus influenzae, type a (Hia) sepsis is a rare but emerging problem in...

    Authors: Tiffany Albrecht, Kristina Poss, Satja Issaranggoon Na Ayuthaya, Lori Triden, Katherine L. Schleiss and Mark R. Schleiss
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:947
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  50. Infective endocarditis (IE) is a lethal disease which has been changing significantly over the past decades; however, information about IE in China remains scarce. This study surveyed the changes in clinical c...

    Authors: Zuning Ren, Xichao Mo, Hongjie Chen and Jie Peng
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:945
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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