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  1. Considering the limited cross protection offered by the current HPV vaccines, understanding the HPV genotype distribution among the different population is essential in predicting the efficacy of current vacci...

    Authors: Rashmirani Senapati, Bhagyalaxmi Nayak, Shantanu Kumar Kar and Bhagirathi Dwibedi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:30
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Pneumococci are spread by persons with nasopharyngeal colonization, a necessary precursor to invasive disease. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines can prevent colonization with vaccine serotype strains. In 2011, K...

    Authors: Miwako Kobayashi, Laura M. Conklin, Godfrey Bigogo, Geofrey Jagero, Lee Hampton, Katherine E. Fleming-Dutra, Muthoni Junghae, Maria da Gloria Carvalho, Fabiana Pimenta, Bernard Beall, Thomas Taylor, Kayla F. Laserson, John Vulule, Chris Van Beneden, Lindsay Kim, Daniel R. Feikin…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:25
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Recent serological studies indicate that hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in industrialised countries. The increasing trend in the number of autochthonous cases of HEV genotype 3 in Western European countrie...

    Authors: Arianne B. van Gageldonk-Lafeber, Wim van der Hoek, Floor Borlée, Dick J. J. Heederik, Sofie H. Mooi, Catharina B. M. Maassen, C. Joris Yzermans, Barry Rockx, Lidwien A. M. Smit and Johan H. J. Reimerink
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:21
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Despite the success in promoting condom use in commercial relationships, condom use with regular, noncommercial partners remains low among key populations in Cambodia. This study explores factors associated in...

    Authors: Siyan Yi, Sovannary Tuot, Pheak Chhoun, Khuondyla Pal, Chanrith Ngin, Kolab Chhim and Carinne Brody
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. A widely prevalent disease, toxoplasmosis poses serious health threats to both humans and animals; therefore, development of an ideal DNA vaccine against Toxoplasma gondii is needed eagerly. The purpose of the pr...

    Authors: Pengxia Song, Shenyi He, Aihua Zhou, Gang Lv, Jingjing Guo, Jian Zhou, Yali Han, Huaiyu Zhou, Zhen Hao and Hua Cong
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Tuberculosis and HIV co-epidemics are problems in many parts of the world. Xinjiang is a high tuberculosis and HIV prevalence area in China. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and cure rate of tuberculosis...

    Authors: Rena Maimaiti, Yuexin Zhang, Kejun Pan, Peierdun Mijiti, Maimaitiali Wubili, Maimaitijiang Musa and Rune Andersson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:15
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Colistin has a narrow therapeutic window with nephrotoxicity being the major dose-limiting adverse effect. Currently, the optimal doses and therapeutic plasma levels are unknown.

    Authors: Luisa Sorlí, Sonia Luque, Concepción Segura, Nuria Campillo, Milagro Montero, Erika Esteve, Sabina Herrera, Natividad Benito, Francisco Alvarez-Lerma, Santiago Grau and Juan Pablo Horcajada
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. The concentrations of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and surface antigen (HBsAg) are two critical virological variables to be monitored in chronic hepatitis B. HBsAg is derived from the HBV genome. Thus, higher H...

    Authors: Chao-Wei Hsu, Kung-Hao Liang, Chih-Lang Lin, Tong-Hong Wang and Chau-Ting Yeh
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:9
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) has been known to lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The relative contribution of the complement system in protection and pathogenesis during CM remains largely unknown. ...

    Authors: Lei Shen, Jianming Zheng, Yan Wang, Mengqi Zhu, Haoxiang Zhu, Qi Cheng and Qian Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:7
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. The 2009 revised World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for dengue describe fever as the core symptom. Accordingly, the diagnosis of non-febrile patients is complicated. The aim of this study was to evalua...

    Authors: Caroline Tukasan, Nathália Barbosa Furlan, Cássia Fernanda Estofolete, Maurício Lacerda Nogueira and Natal Santos da Silva
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic has exacerbated tuberculosis disease especially in Sub-Saharan African countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) and Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (U...

    Authors: Mahlet Semu, Teferi Gedif Fenta, Girmay Medhin and Dawit Assefa
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:5
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is caused by MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV). More than 80% of reported cases have occurred in Saudi Arabia, with a mortality exceeding 50%. Health-care workers (HCWs) are a...

    Authors: Mostafa A. Abolfotouh, Ali A. AlQarni, Suliman M. Al-Ghamdi, Mahmoud Salam, Mohammed H. Al-Assiri and Hanan H. Balkhy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:4
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. In low-income countries (LICs), HIV sentinel surveillance surveys (HIV-SSS) are recommended in between two demographic and health surveys, due to low-cost than the latter. Using the classical unlinked anonymou...

    Authors: Serge C. Billong, Jacob Dee, Joseph Fokam, Georges Nguefack-Tsague, Gabriel L. Ekali, Raoul Fodjo, Edith S. Temgoua, Edson-Joan Billong, Samuel M. Sosso, Jembia J. Mosoko, Francisca Monebenimp, Alexis Ndjolo, Anne-Cecile Z-K. Bissek, Omotayo Bolu and Jean-Bosco N. Elat
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:3
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. In Japan, the clinical characteristics and recent serotype distribution among adult patients of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) have not been fully investigated since the introduction of the pneumococcal c...

    Authors: Munehisa Fukusumi, Bin Chang, Yoshinari Tanabe, Kengo Oshima, Takaya Maruyama, Hiroshi Watanabe, Koji Kuronuma, Kei Kasahara, Hiroaki Takeda, Junichiro Nishi, Jiro Fujita, Tetsuya Kubota, Tomimasa Sunagawa, Tamano Matsui and Kazunori Oishi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:2
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Prevalence studies report Taenia solium cysticercosis in pig and human populations in Uganda. However, the factors influencing occurrence in smallholder pig production systems are not well documented and little i...

    Authors: Joseph M. Kungu, Michel M. Dione, Francis Ejobi, Michael Ocaido and Delia Grace
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:1
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in China and globally. Engaging in commercial sex put them at even greater risk. This study estimated the prev...

    Authors: Cunge Zheng, Jun-jie Xu, Qing-hai Hu, Yan-qiu Yu, Zhen-xing Chu, Jing Zhang, Xiao-xu Han, Lin Lu, Zhe Wang, Ji-hua Fu, Xi Chen, Hong-jing Yan, Yong-jun Jiang, Wen-qing Geng, Sten H. Vermund, Han-Zhu Qian…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:765
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. The Xpert® MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay is a rapid PCR-based assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex DNA (MTBc) and mutations associated with rifampin resistance (RIF). An updated version introduce...

    Authors: Nila J. Dharan, Robert Blakemore, Alex Sloutsky, Devinder Kaur, Richard C. Alexander, Minoo Ghajar, Kimberlee A. Musser, Vincent E. Escuyer, Marie-Claire Rowlinson, Susanne Crowe, Rafael Laniado-Laborin, Eloise Valli, Pamela Nabeta, Pamela Johnson and David Alland
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:764
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Late presentation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with heterosexual transmission, particularly among heterosexual men in Asia. Although data on HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) test...

    Authors: Raymond Boon Tar Lim, Dede Kam Tyng Tham, Olive N. Y. Cheung, Bee Choo Tai, Roy Chan and Mee Lian Wong
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:763
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. The results of routine influenza surveillance in 13 regions in the Philippines from 2006 to 2012 are presented, describing the annual seasonal epidemics of confirmed influenza virus infection, seasonal and ale...

    Authors: Marilla G. Lucero, Marianette T. Inobaya, Leilani T. Nillos, Alvin G. Tan, Vina Lea F. Arguelles, Christine Joy C. Dureza, Edelwisa S. Mercado, Analisa N. Bautista, Veronica L. Tallo, Agnes V. Barrientos, Tomas Rodriguez and Remigio M. Olveda
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:762
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. The existing seroepidemiological data on viral hepatitis in Ethiopia showed a wide variation in prevalence pattern and the clinical and public health burden have been underestimated. The aim of this systematic...

    Authors: Yeshambel Belyhun, Melanie Maier, Andargachew Mulu, Ermias Diro and Uwe Gerd Liebert
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:761
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:114

  21. Brucellosis, one of the world’s most important zoonosis, has been re-emerging in China. Shanxi Province, located in northern China, where husbandry development has been accelerated in recent years, has a rathe...

    Authors: Qiulan Chen, Shengjie Lai, Wenwu Yin, Hang Zhou, Yu Li, Di Mu, Zhongjie Li, Hongjie Yu and Weizhong Yang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:760
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. The effect of peer support on virologic and immunologic treatment outcomes among HIVinfected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) was assessed in a cluster randomized controlled trial in Vietnam.

    Authors: Do Duy Cuong, Anders Sönnerborg, Vu Van Tam, Ziad El-Khatib, Michele Santacatterina, Gaetano Marrone, Nguyen Thi Kim Chuc, Vinod Diwan, Anna Thorson, Nicole K. Le, Pham Nhat An and Mattias Larsson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:759
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Clustered tuberculosis (TB) still occurred nationally in Chinese schools every year, where high school students patients accounts for the highest proportion. These young TB patients are in a critical period of...

    Authors: Shaoru Zhang, Xiaohong Li, Tianhua Zhang, Yahui Fan and Yuelu Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:758
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Influenza vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization for high risk groups, yet few data exist on influenza disease burden in West Africa.

    Authors: Michael Preko Ntiri, Jazmin Duque, Meredith L. McMorrow, Joseph Asamoah Frimpong, Prince Parbie, Edem Badji, Ndahwouh Talla Nzussouo, Eve-Marie Benson, Michael Adjabeng, Erica Dueger, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Fatimah S. Dawood, Kwadwo Koram and William Ampofo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:757
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Antimicrobial resistance has been declared by the World Health Organization as a threat to the public health. The aim of this study was to analyze antimicrobial resistance patterns of the common pathogens occu...

    Authors: Nyambura Moremi, Heike Claus and Stephen E. Mshana
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:756
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Ukraine’s injecting drug use-driven HIV epidemic is among the most severe in Europe with high burden of HCV co-infection. HIV/HCV co-infected individuals are at elevated risk of HCV-related morbidity, but litt...

    Authors: Heather Bailey, Nataliya Nizova, Violeta Martsynovska, Alla Volokha, Ruslan Malyuta, Mario Cortina-Borja and Claire Thorne
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:755
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. There currently is a severe Zika Virus (ZIKV) epidemic in Brazil and other South American countries. Due to international travel, this poses severe public health risk of ZIKV importation to other countries. We...

    Authors: C. M. Saad-Roy, P. van den Driessche and Junling Ma
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:754
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Group A Streptococcus strains causing wide variety of diseases, recently became noticeable in eastern India, are not amenable to standard treatment protocol thus enhancing the possibility of disease morbidity ...

    Authors: Dipanwita Ray, Somnath Saha, Sukanta Sinha, Nishith Kumar Pal and Basudev Bhattacharya
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:753
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Australia has increased coverage of antiretroviral treatment (ART) over the past decade, reaching 73% uptake in 2014. While ART reduces AIDS-related deaths, accumulating evidence suggests that it could also bo...

    Authors: D. Callander, M. Stoové, A. Carr, J. F. Hoy, K. Petoumenos, M. Hellard, J. Elliot, D. J. Templeton, S. Liaw, D. P. Wilson, A. Grulich, D. A. Cooper, A. Pedrana, B. Donovan, J. McMahon, G. Prestage…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:752
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  30. Expanding antimicrobial resistance patterns in the face of stagnant growth in novel antibiotic production underscores the importance of antibiotic stewardship in which de-escalation remains an integral compone...

    Authors: Peter Liu, Christopher Ohl, James Johnson, John Williamson, James Beardsley and Vera Luther
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:751
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Published information regarding the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and outcomes of patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) blood stream infection (BSI) is limited. We aimed in this study...

    Authors: Xiaoqing Liu, Sainan Bian, Yueqiu Zhang, Lifan Zhang, Qiwen Yang, Peng Wang, Yingchun Xu, Xiaochun Shi, Yao Zhang and Roy F. Chemaly
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:750
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Infection rates in revision (second and subsequent) major joint arthroplasty continues to be a significant issue with rates 2–3 times those of primary procedures. The effect of antibiotic and antiseptic prophy...

    Authors: Jeffrey Voigt, Michael Mosier and Rabih Darouiche
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:749
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Leptospirosis involves nervous system in around 10-15% of the cases, the commonest presentation being aseptic meningitis. Most of the clinical features of neuroleptospirosis are due to capillary endothelial da...

    Authors: Rajveer Singh, Dheeraj Khurana, Sahil Mehta, Aditya Choudhary, Gayathri Petluri and Vivek Lal
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:748
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  34. Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that has become a major cause of concern, since it is a frequent cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The aim of the study was to describe the occ...

    Authors: Aida Bianco, Angela Quirino, Mariavalentina Giordano, Vito Marano, Claudia Rizzo, Maria Carla Liberto, Alfredo Focà and Maria Pavia
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:747
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The majority of Salmonella arizonae human infections have been reported in southwestern United States, where rattlesnake-based products are commonly used to treat illness; however, little is known in non-endemic ...

    Authors: Yi-Chien Lee, Miao-Chiu Hung, Sheng-Che Hung, Hung-Ping Wang, Hui-Ling Cho, Mei-Chu Lai and Jann-Tay Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:746
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Use of treponemal tests to screen for syphilis (caused by Treponema pallidum pallidum) poses challenges with infection status classification, especially in settings where other treponemal infections are endemic. ...

    Authors: Edward Tieru Dassah, Yaw Adu-Sarkodie and Philippe Mayaud
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:745
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. During the last decades, healthcare-associated genotypes of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (HA-MRSE) have been established as important opportunistic pathogens. However, data on potential reserv...

    Authors: Micael Widerström, Johan Wiström, Helén Edebro, Elisabeth Marklund, Mattias Backman, Per Lindqvist and Tor Monsen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:743
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. HIV genetic diversity implicates major challenges for the control of viral infection by the immune system and for the identification of an effective immunotherapeutic strategy. With the present case report we ...

    Authors: Paolo Palma, Paola Zangari, Claudia Alteri, Hyppolite K. Tchidjou, Emma Concetta Manno, Giuseppina Liuzzi, Carlo Federico Perno, Paolo Rossi, Ada Bertoli and Stefania Bernardi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:742
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  40. Amoebic liver abscess is the most common extra intestinal manifestation of amoebiasis in tropical countries. It usually presents with right hypochondrial pain, fever and anorexia. Amoebic liver abscess has gai...

    Authors: Vithiya Ratnasamy, Kumanan Thirunavukarasu, Kannathasan Selvam and Murugananthan Arumugam
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:741
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  41. Malaysia still faces challenges optimizing resources to effectively eliminate measles through high immunization and herd immunity, with sporadic outbreaks of measles as evidence. The objective of this study is...

    Authors: Y. Hazlina, M. A. Marlindawati and K. Shamsuddin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:740
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Although early presentation to HIV-care is essential to ensure timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy, recent studies have shown that especially migrants present to HIV-care at a later stage of HIV-infect...

    Authors: Nadine Zeitlmann, Barbara Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Claudia Santos-Hövener, Christian Kollan and Matthias an der Heiden
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:739
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Timely and enduring access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) by HIV-infected individuals has been shown to substantially reduce HIV transmission risk, HIV-related morbidity and mortality. However, there is evide...

    Authors: Augustine Ankomah, John Kuumuori Ganle, Margaret Yaa Lartey, Awewura Kwara, Priscilla Awo Nortey, Michael Perry Kweku Okyerefo and Amos Kankponang Laar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:738
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Bacteria that produce Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPCs) are resistant to broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics. The objective of this study was to phenotypically and genotypically characterize the antibio...

    Authors: Patricia Cristina Saldanha Ribeiro, Andrea Souza Monteiro, Sirlei Garcia Marques, Sílvio Gomes Monteiro, Valério Monteiro-Neto, Martina Márcia Melo Coqueiro, Ana Cláudia Garcia Marques, Rosimary de Jesus Gomes Turri, Simone Gonçalves Santos and Maria Rosa Quaresma Bomfim
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:737
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Community-acquired bacterial meningitis due to Klebsiella pneumoniae has mainly been described in Southeast Asia and has a poor prognosis. Severe invasive infections caused by K. pneumoniae, including meningitis,...

    Authors: Bénédicte Melot, Sylvain Brisse, Sébastien Breurec, Virginie Passet, Edith Malpote, Isabelle Lamaury, Guillaume Thiery and Bruno Hoen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:736
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  46. To the best of our knowledge, no study has compared gram-negative bacillary hematogenous pyogenic spondylodiscitis (GNB-HPS) with gram-positive coccal hematogenous pyogenic spondylodiscitis (GPC-HPS) regarding...

    Authors: Ching-Yu Lee, Meng-Huang Wu, Chin-Chang Cheng, Tsung-Jen Huang, Tsung-Yu Huang, Chien-Yin Lee, Jou-Chen Huang and Yen-Yao Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:735
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. H7N9 human cases were first detected in mainland China in March 2013. Circulation of this virus has continued each year shifting to typical winter months. We compared the clinical and epidemiologic characteris...

    Authors: Nijuan Xiang, A. Danielle Iuliano, Yanping Zhang, Ruiqi Ren, Xingyi Geng, Bili Ye, Wenxiao Tu, Ch ao Li, Yong Lv, Ming Yang, Jian Zhao, Yali Wang, Fuqiang Yang, Lei Zhou, Bo Liu, Yuelong Shu…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:734
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Systematic reviews suggest that the incidence of diagnosed tuberculosis is two- to- three times higher in those with diabetes mellitus than in those without. Few studies have previously reported the associatio...

    Authors: Sarah Lou Bailey, Helen Ayles, Nulda Beyers, Peter Godfrey-Faussett, Monde Muyoyeta, Elizabeth du Toit, John S. Yudkin and Sian Floyd
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:733
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. While the global burden of typhoid fever has been often brought up for attention, the detailed surveillance information has only been available for the limited number of countries. As more efficacious vaccines...

    Authors: Jung-Seok Lee, Vijayalaxmi V. Mogasale, Vittal Mogasale and Kangsung Lee
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:732
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (LUTI) are very common, and presumably around 200,000 female patients are treated for this annually in Denmark. The current Danish national clinical practice guidel...

    Authors: Filip Jansåker, Niels Frimodt-Møller, Lars Bjerrum and Jenny Dahl Knudsen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:727
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

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