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  1. It is unknown whether statin use among people living with HIV results in a reduction in all-cause mortality. We aimed to evaluate the effect of statin use on all-cause mortality among people living with HIV.

    Authors: Olalekan A. Uthman, Chidozie Nduka, Samuel I. Watson, Edward J. Mills, Andre P. Kengne, Shabbar S. Jaffar, Aileen Clarke, Tahereh Moradi, Anna-Mia Ekström and Richard Lilford
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:258
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Cryptococcus gattii is known to be an etiologic agent of human cryptococcosis, particularly in immunocompetent persons. C. gattii infection usually involves the central nervous system, the respiratory tract, or m...

    Authors: Wutthiseth Dhitinanmuang, Piriyaporn Chongtrakool and Anupop Jitmuang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:257
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  3. Dengue fever is the most common arboviral infection in humans, with viral transmissions occurring in more than 100 countries in tropical regions. A global strategy for dengue prevention and control was establi...

    Authors: Wei-Ting Lai, Chien-Hsiun Chen, Hsin Hung, Ray-Bing Chen, Sanjay Shete and Chih-Chieh Wu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:256
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Female gender and favorable IFNL3 genotypes are the primary independent predictors of spontaneous clearance of HCV infection. However, chronic hepatitis C infection occurs in numerous women carrying favorable IFN...

    Authors: Zhe Xie, Yuantao Li, Lu Long, Hua Liang, Weiping Cai and Tao Shen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:254
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and bacterascites (BA) represent frequent and serious complications in cirrhosis patients with ascites. However, few detailed data are available regarding the clinical a...

    Authors: Nian-zhi Ning, Tao Li, Ju-ling Zhang, Fen Qu, Jie Huang, Xiong Liu, Zhan Li, Wei Geng, Jun-liang Fu, Wang Huan, Shu-yong Zhang, Chun-mei Bao and Hui Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:253
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Tuberculosis is among the top ten cause of death (9th) from a single infectious agent worldwide. It even ranks above HIV/AIDS. It is among the top 10 causes of death among children. Globally there are estimate...

    Authors: Bereket Gebremichael, Tsega-Ab Abebaw, Tsedey Moges, Admas Abera Abaerei and Nadia Worede
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:252
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. HBsAg immune-escape mutations can favor HBV-transmission also in vaccinated individuals, promote immunosuppression-driven HBV-reactivation, and increase fitness of drug-resistant strains. Stop-codons can enhan...

    Authors: Luna Colagrossi, Lucas E. Hermans, Romina Salpini, Domenico Di Carlo, Suzan D. Pas, Marta Alvarez, Ziv Ben-Ari, Greet Boland, Bianca Bruzzone, Nicola Coppola, Carole Seguin-Devaux, Tomasz Dyda, Federico Garcia, Rolf Kaiser, Sukran Köse, Henrik Krarup…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:251
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is known to cause urinary tract infection (UTI) and meningitis in neonates, as well as existing as a commensal flora of the human gut. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. ...

    Authors: Young Ah Kim, Kyungwon Lee and Jae Eun Chung
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:250
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Ethiopia is one of the world health organization defined higher tuberculosis (TB) burden countries where the disease remains a massive public health threat. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and asso...

    Authors: Biresaw Demile, Amare Zenebu, Haile Shewaye, Siqing Xia and Awoke Guadie
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:249
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Early identification of patients at highest risk is very important. The ...

    Authors: Ye Zhang, Ling-Yun Guo, Wen-Qi Song, Yan Wang, Fang Dong and Gang Liu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:248
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Appropriate antibiotic use has become an important issue. However, collecting data on the use of all antibiotics in a hospital is difficult without an advanced computerized system and dedicated staff. This pap...

    Authors: Bongyoung Kim, Hyeonjun Hwang, Jieun Kim, Myoung-jae Lee and Hyunjoo Pai
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:247
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Norovirus is a leading cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide with a peak of disease seen in children. The epidemiological analysis regarding the virus strains in Africa is limited. The first report of norov...

    Authors: Kgomotso Makhaola, Sikhulile Moyo, Kwana Lechiile, David M. Goldfarb and Lemme P. Kebaabetswe
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:246
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Background: Emerging pathogens such as Zika, chikungunya, Ebola, and dengue viruses are serious threats to national and global health security. Accurate forecasts of emerging epidemics and their severity are crit...

    Authors: Sara Y. Del Valle, Benjamin H. McMahon, Jason Asher, Richard Hatchett, Joceline C. Lega, Heidi E. Brown, Mark E. Leany, Yannis Pantazis, David J. Roberts, Sean Moore, A Townsend Peterson, Luis E. Escobar, Huijie Qiao, Nicholas W. Hengartner and Harshini Mukundan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:245
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. In recent years, the world has seen a surge in Enterobacteriaceae resistant to broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) or plasmid-mediated AmpC...

    Authors: L. M. Chirindze, T. F. Zimba, J. O. Sekyere, U. Govinden, H. Y. Chenia, A. Sundsfjord, S. Y. Essack and G. S. Simonsen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:244
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Chlamydia prevalence in the Netherlands remains high despite targeted efforts. Effective Partner Notification (PN) and Partner Treatment (PT) can interrupt transmission and prevent re-infections. Patient Initi...

    Authors: Anita C. Nanhoe, Maartje Visser, Jurriaan J. Omlo, Anita J. C. M. Watzeels, Ingrid V. van den Broek and Hannelore M. Götz
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:243
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Development of sepsis is a process with significant variation among individuals. The precise elements of this variation need to be defined. This study was designed to define the way in which comorbidities cont...

    Authors: Dimitrios Sinapidis, Vassileios Kosmas, Vasileios Vittoros, Ioannis M. Koutelidakis, Aikaterini Pantazi, Aggelos Stefos, Konstantinos E. Katsaros, Karolina Akinosoglou, Magdalini Bristianou, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Michael Chrisofos and Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:242
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. The Israeli Ministry of Health (MoH) encountered two substantial outbreaks during the past decade: the H1N1 swine flu outbreak during 2009–2010 and the silent polio outbreak during 2013. Although both outbreak...

    Authors: Iftach Sagy, Paula Feder-Bubis, Victor Novack, Tal Peleg-Sagy and Dan Greenberg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:241
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Prior to clinical trials of new TB drugs or therapeutic vaccines, it is necessary to develop monitoring tools to predict treatment outcomes in TB patients. Urine interferon gamma inducible protein 10 (IP-10) i...

    Authors: Song Yee Kim, Jungho Kim, Deok Ryun Kim, Young Ae Kang, Sungyoung Bong, Jonghee Lee, Suyeon Kim, Nam Suk Lee, Bora Sim, Sang-Nae Cho, Young Sam Kim and Hyejon Lee
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:240
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by parasites that infest open water sources such as rivers and dams may increase susceptibility to HIV. Mass-treatment with praziquantel tablets, recommende...

    Authors: Andrea Lothe, Nqobile Zulu, Arne Olav Øyhus, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland and Myra Taylor
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:239
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation is a common infectious disease in neurology and VZV the second most frequent virus detected in encephalitis. This study investigated characteristics of clinical and la...

    Authors: Thomas Skripuletz, Kaweh Pars, Alina Schulte, Philipp Schwenkenbecher, Özlem Yildiz, Tina Ganzenmueller, Maike Kuhn, Annette Spreer, Ulrich Wurster, Refik Pul, Martin Stangel, Kurt-Wolfram Sühs and Corinna Trebst
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:238
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Direct-acting anti-viral agents have improved the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but this treatment is challenging for patients using co-medications because of potential drug–drug inte...

    Authors: Daniel J. Ruzicka, Jumpei Tetsuka, Go Fujimoto and Tatsuya Kanto
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:237
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Kirschsteiniothelia is a saprophytic fungus that is abundantly present in the environment. To date, there have been no reports of human infection caused by this fungus. We report a case of Kirschsteiniothelia inf...

    Authors: Masanori Nishi, Ichiro Okano, Takatoshi Sawada, Yasuka Hara, Kiwamu Nakamura, Katsunori Inagaki and Takashi Yaguchi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:236
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  24. Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) is an established microbiologic cause of pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis, and disseminated disease in cases of advanced immune suppression. However, MAC manifesting as vertebral...

    Authors: Megan E. Gray, Peter W. Liu and Brian Wispelwey
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:235
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  25. With the widespread use of rifampicin and isoniazid, bacterial resistance has become a growing problem. Additionally, the lack of relevant baseline information for the frequency of drug-resistant tuberculosis ...

    Authors: Ming-Jin Zhang, Wen-Zhi Ren, Xue-Juan Sun, Yang Liu, Ke-Wei Liu, Zhong-Hao Ji, Wei Gao and Bao Yuan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:234
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Armed conflicts are a major contributor to injury and death globally. Conflict-related injuries are associated with a high risk of wound infection, but it is unknown to what extent infection directly relates t...

    Authors: Andreas Älgå, Sidney Wong, Muhammad Shoaib, Kalle Lundgren, Christian G. Giske, Johan von Schreeb and Jonas Malmstedt
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:233
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Increasing incidence of dengue cases in Malaysia over the last few years has been paralleled by increased deaths. Mortality prediction models will therefore be useful in clinical management. The aim of this st...

    Authors: Saiful Safuan Md-Sani, Julina Md-Noor, Winn-Hui Han, Syang-Pyang Gan, Nor-Salina Rani, Hui-Loo Tan, Kanimoli Rathakrishnan, Mohd Azizuddin A-Shariffuddin and Marzilawati Abd-Rahman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:232
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. The need to study the outcome of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected individuals in Ghana, a sub-Saharan African country crucial in the era of the “Treat All” policy....

    Authors: Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah, Faustina Pappoe, Ibrahim Baidoo, Francis Arthur, Anna Hayfron-Benjamin, Samuel Essien-Baidoo, Godwin Kwakye-Nuako and Stephen Ayisi Addo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:230
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Global evidence shows that sexually transmitted infections (STIs) prevalence and sexual risk behaviours are high among youth, and knowledge about STIs is low. In Tanzania, there is limited recent evidence rega...

    Authors: Ramadhani Abdul, Annette A. M. Gerritsen, Mary Mwangome and Eveline Geubbels
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:229
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Many young men who have sex with men (YMSM) are reluctant to seek health services and trust local physicians. Online information seeking may encourage YMSM to identify and see trustworthy physicians, obtain se...

    Authors: Bolin Cao, Peipei Zhao, Cedric Bien, Stephen Pan, Weiming Tang, Julia Watson, Guodong Mi, Yi Ding, Zhenzhou Luo and Joseph D. Tucker
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:228
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. The studies on the occurrence and diversity of tick-borne infections in HIV-infected individuals have been few, and the subject has been relatively neglected when compared with other common infections associat...

    Authors: Renata Welc-Falęciak, Justyna D. Kowalska, Małgorzata Bednarska, Magdalena Szatan and Agnieszka Pawełczyk
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:227
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Defined by an infection of the ventricular system of the brain, ventriculitis is usually known as a health-care associated infection. In contrast, primary pyogenic ventriculitis complicating community-acquired...

    Authors: Anaïs Lesourd, Nicolas Magne, Anaïs Soares, Caroline Lemaitre, Muhamed-Kheir Taha, Isabelle Gueit, Michel Wolff and François Caron
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:226
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  34. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) interventions largely target inpatient antimicrobial prescribing. Literature on appropriateness of antimicrobials prescribed at the interface between hospital and the community ...

    Authors: R. Chavada, J. Davey, L. O’Connor and D. Tong
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:225
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common blood-borne viral infection in the United States. Previously, we used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and mortality data from ...

    Authors: Eric W. Hall, Eli S. Rosenberg and Patrick S. Sullivan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:224
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Management of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) has significantly accelerated in the last few years. Currently, second generation direct acting antivirals (DAAs) promise clearance of infection in most of patients. Her...

    Authors: Simone Lanini, Paola Scognamiglio, Alessandra Mecozzi, Lorella Lombardozzi, Vincenzo Vullo, Mario Angelico, Antonio Gasbarrini, Gloria Taliani, Adolfo Francesco Attili, Carlo Federico Perno, Adriano De Santis, Vincenzo Puro, Fabio Cerqua, Gianpiero D’Offizi, Adriano Pellicelli, Orlando Armignacco…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:223
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Children who receive all doses of scheduled vaccines reduce their susceptibility to vaccine-preventable diseases. In India, full immunization coverage has increased significantly. However, only a small proport...

    Authors: Manojkumar Choudhary, Roma Solomon, Jitendra Awale and Rina Dey
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:222
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Mycobacterium arupense, first identified in 2006, is a slow-growing nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) and an emerging cause of tenosynovitis, potentially associated with immunosuppression. However, unlike the di...

    Authors: Xian Zhou, Qiaoling Ruan, Weimin Jiang, Xinyu Wang, Yuan Jiang, Shenglei Yu, Yu Xu, Jing Li, Yangyi Zhang, Wenhong Zhang and Yuekai Hu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:221
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  39. Tuberculosis (TB) is the major cause of death in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected individuals. However, diagnosis of TB in HIV remains challenging particularly when HIV infection is advanced. Severa...

    Authors: Sheetal Verma, Peicheng Du, Damalie Nakanjako, Sabine Hermans, Jessica Briggs, Lydia Nakiyingi, Jerrold J. Ellner, Yukari C. Manabe and Padmini Salgame
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:220
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. The symptoms of many infectious diseases influence their host to withdraw from social activity limiting their potential to spread. Successful transmission therefore requires the onset of infectiousness to coin...

    Authors: Ewan Colman, Kristen Spies and Shweta Bansal
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:219
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii. This bacterium survives harsh conditions and attaches to dust, suggesting environmental dispersal is a risk factor for outbreaks. Spatial epidemiology st...

    Authors: Nicholas J. Clark and Ricardo J. Soares Magalhães
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:218
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common viral cause of pediatric bronchiolitis and pneumonia worldwide. Risk factors for high mortality and prolonged morbidity after RSV infection include prematur...

    Authors: Lili Xu, Hengmiao Gao, Jiansheng Zeng, Jun Liu, Cong Lu, Xiaolei Guan, Suyun Qian and Zhengde Xie
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:217
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  44. This study evaluated cause-specific mortality trends including liver-related mortality among people with a hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) notification in New South Wales, Australia.

    Authors: Maryam Alavi, Jason Grebely, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Janaki Amin, Sarah Larney, Matthew G. Law, Jacob George, Louisa Degenhardt and Gregory J. Dore
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:215
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Co-infection with HIV negatively impacts the progression of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, including causing rapid progression to liver fibrosis. Sub-Saharan Africa represents arguably the most imp...

    Authors: Tongai Gibson Maponga, Monique I. Andersson, Christoffel J. van Rensburg, Joop E. Arends, Jantjie Taljaard, Wolfgang Preiser and Richard H. Glashoff
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:214
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. TB outbreaking in schools is extremely complex, and presents a major challenge for public health. Understanding the knowledge, attitudes and practices among student TB patients in such settings is fundamental ...

    Authors: Yahui Fan, Shaoru Zhang, Yan Li, Yuelu Li, Tianhua Zhang, Weiping Liu and Hualin Jiang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:213
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Chagas disease (CD) is a systemic parasitic infection caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, whose chronic phase may lead to cardiac and intestinal disorders. Endemic in Latin America where it is transmitted ...

    Authors: Stefania Pane, Maria Letizia Giancola, Pierluca Piselli, Angela Corpolongo, Ernestina Repetto, Rita Bellagamba, Claudia Cimaglia, Stefania Carrara, Piero Ghirga, Alessandra Oliva, Nazario Bevilacqua, Ahmad Al Rousan, Carla Nisii, Giuseppe Ippolito and Emanuele Nicastri
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:212
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The overall success of Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antiretroviral therapy (ART) was heavily challenged upon the occurrence of drug resistance. Dehong Prefecture witnessed not only the first rep...

    Authors: Qicai Xuan, Shuwen Liang, Weihong Qin, Shuting Yang, A-mei Zhang, Ting Zhao, Hui Su, Zhiqing Xia, Binghui Wang and Xueshan Xia
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:211
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Angiocentric lymph proliferative disorder (ALPD) is a granulomatous lymphoproliferative condition associated with various primary and secondary immunodeficiency states. ALPD is so rare that its prevalence has ...

    Authors: Cecilia T. Costiniuk, Jason Karamchandani, Ali Bessissow, Jean-Pierre Routy, Jason Szabo and Charles Frenette
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:210
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  50. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major challenge for global health care. Pharmacists play a key role in the health care setting to help support the quality use of medicines. The education, training, and exp...

    Authors: M. H. F. Sakeena, Alexandra A. Bennett, Shazia Jamshed, Fahim Mohamed, Dilanthi R. Herath, Indika Gawarammana and Andrew J. McLachlan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:209
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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