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  1. Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing problem in developing countries and antibiotic use is widespread. Our previous surveys in Java, Indonesia, revealed that most antibiotic use was probably unnecessary o...

    Authors: Usman Hadi, Peterhans van den Broek, Erni P Kolopaking, Nun Zairina, Widjoseno Gardjito and Inge C Gyssens
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:203
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Prognosis assessment of patients with infectious and neoplastic disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) may still pose a challenge. In this retrospective cross-sectional study the prognostic value of bas...

    Authors: Peter Lackner, Elif Guengoer, Ronny Beer, Gregor Broessner, Raimund Helbok, Florian Deisenhammer, Erich Schmutzhard and Bettina Pfausler
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:202
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. The relationship between TB/HIV co-infection and common mental disorders (CMD) has been scarcely investigated. In this study, we compared the occurrence of CMD in TB/HIV co-infected and non-co-infected HIV pat...

    Authors: Amare Deribew, Markos Tesfaye, Yohannes Hailmichael, Ludwig Apers, Gemeda Abebe, Luc Duchateau and Robert Colebunders
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:201
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. The objective of this study was to perform simulated-use testing as well as a clinical study to assess the efficacy of the EVOTECH® Endoscope Cleaner and Reprocessor (ECR) cleaning for flexible colonoscopes, duod...

    Authors: Michelle J Alfa, Pat DeGagne, Nancy Olson and Iram Fatima
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:200
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:291

  5. Most cases of cryptococcal meningitis occur in patients with HIV infection: the course and outcome of disease in the apparently immunocompetent is much more poorly understood. We describe a cohort of HIV uninf...

    Authors: Tran TH Chau, Nguyen H Mai, Nguyen H Phu, Ho D Nghia, Ly V Chuong, Dinh X Sinh, Van A Duong, Pham T Diep, James I Campbell, Stephen Baker, Tran T Hien, David G Lalloo, Jeremy J Farrar and Jeremy N Day
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:199
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. The mobility of female sex workers (FSWs) is a factor in the geographic spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This study describes FSW mobility patterns...

    Authors: Haibo Wang, Ray Y Chen, Gerald B Sharp, Katherine Brown, Kumi Smith, Guowei Ding, Xia Jin, Junjie Xu, Ruiling Dong and Ning Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:198
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Environmental surfaces play an important role in transmission of healthcare-associated pathogens. There is a need for new disinfection methods that are effective against Clostridium difficile spores, but also saf...

    Authors: Michelle M Nerandzic, Jennifer L Cadnum, Michael J Pultz and Curtis J Donskey
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:197
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, (MRAB) is an important cause of hospital acquired infection. The purpose of this study is to determine the risk factors for MRAB in a city hospital patient population.

    Authors: Lemuel L Dent, Dana R Marshall, Siddharth Pratap and Robert B Hulette
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:196
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of community acquired pneumonia, sepsis, meningitis and otitis media globally and has been incriminated as a major cause of serious childhood bacterial infections i...

    Authors: Momodou K Darboe, Anthony JC Fulford, Ousman Secka and Andrew M Prentice
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:195
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Universal HIV testing/treatment program has currently been suggested and debated as a useful strategy for elimination of HIV epidemic in Africa, although not without practical issues regarding the costs and fe...

    Authors: Ying-Hen Hsieh, Yun-Shih Wang, Hector de Arazoza and Rachid Lounes
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:194
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Q fever is a zoonosis distributed worldwide that is caused by Coxiella burnetii infection and the defervescence usually occurs within few days of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Whether the changes of cytokine le...

    Authors: Chung-Hsu Lai, Jiun-Nong Lin, Lin-Li Chang, Yen-Hsu Chen and Hsi-Hsun Lin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:193
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  12. The aim of this study was to confirm recent results from a previous study focussing on the development of a method to measure the bacterial translocation through puncture holes in surgical gloves under real su...

    Authors: Nils-Olaf Hübner, Anna-Maria Goerdt, Natalie Stanislawski, Ojan Assadian, Claus-Dieter Heidecke, Axel Kramer and Lars Ivo Partecke
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:192
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health challenge. Prevalence of current hepatitis B virus infection in the general population in Uganda is about 10%. Health care workers (HCW) have an extr...

    Authors: Abdhalah K Ziraba, Josephine Bwogi, Alice Namale, Caroline W Wainaina and Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:191
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. In recent years large-scale computational models for the realistic simulation of epidemic outbreaks have been used with increased frequency. Methodologies adapt to the scale of interest and range from very det...

    Authors: Marco Ajelli, Bruno Gonçalves, Duygu Balcan, Vittoria Colizza, Hao Hu, José J Ramasco, Stefano Merler and Alessandro Vespignani
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:190
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Nigeria has a high tuberculosis incidence, and genotyping studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTC) in the country are necessary in order to improve our understanding of the epidemic.

    Authors: Agatha Ani, Torbjørn Bruvik, Yetunde Okoh, Patricia Agaba, Oche Agbaji, John Idoko and Ulf R Dahle
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:189
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. In resource-limited settings where nevirapine-containing regimen is the preferred regimen in women, data on severe adverse events (SAEs) according to CD4 cell count are limited. We estimated the incidence of S...

    Authors: Patrick A Coffie, Besigin Tonwe-Gold, Aristophane K Tanon, Clarisse Amani-Bosse, Gédéon Bédikou, Elaine J Abrams, François Dabis and Didier K Ekouevi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:188
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Avian influenza virus (AIV) is an important public health issue because pandemic influenza viruses in people have contained genes from viruses that infect birds. The H5 and H7 AIV subtypes have periodically mu...

    Authors: Trevon L Fuller, Sassan S Saatchi, Emily E Curd, Erin Toffelmier, Henri A Thomassen, Wolfgang Buermann, David F DeSante, Mark P Nott, James F Saracco, CJ Ralph, John D Alexander, John P Pollinger and Thomas B Smith
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:187
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Although causing substantial morbidity, the burden of pneumococcal disease among older children and adults in Africa, particularly in rural settings, is not well-characterized. We evaluated pneumococcal bacter...

    Authors: Daniel R Feikin, Geoffrey Jagero, Barrack Aura, Godfrey M Bigogo, Joseph Oundo, Bernard W Beall, Angela Karani, Susan Morpeth, M Kariuki Njenga and Robert F Breiman
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:186
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Vaccinia virus strain Lister Elstree (VACV) is a test virus in the DVV/RKI guidelines as representative of the stable enveloped viruses. Since the potential risk of laboratory-acquired infections with VACV per...

    Authors: Holger F Rabenau, Ingrid Rapp and Jochen Steinmann
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:185
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Recently, production of 16S rRNA methylases by Gram-negative bacilli has emerged as a novel mechanism for high-level resistance to aminoglycosides by these organisms in a variety of geographic locations. There...

    Authors: Fang-you Yu, Dan Yao, Jing-ye Pan, Chong Chen, Zhi-qiang Qin, Chris Parsons, Le-he Yang, Qiao-qiao Li, Xue-qing Zhang, Di Qu and Liang-xing Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:184
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (HALS) is characterized by insulin resistance, abnormal lipid metabolism and redistribution of body fat. To date, there has been no quantitative summary of the effects of ...

    Authors: Siddharth H Sheth and Robin J Larson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:183
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. A prospective observational registry assessed real world experience with caspofungin monotherapy or combination therapy for the initial or salvage treatment of proven or probable invasive aspergillosis (IA).

    Authors: Johan Maertens, Gerlinde Egerer, Wan Shik Shin, Dietmar Reichert, Michael Stek, Sheenu Chandwani, Malathi Shivaprakash and Claudio Viscoli
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:182
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Altered blood glucose concentration is commonly observed in patients with sepsis, even among those without hypoglycemic treatments or history of diabetes mellitus. These alterations in blood glucose are potent...

    Authors: Galo Peralta, M Blanca Sánchez, J Carlos Garrido, Begoña Ceballos, Fátima Mateos, Inés De Benito and M Pía Roiz
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:181
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. The diagnosis of typhoid fever is confirmed by culture of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S. typhi). However, a more rapid, simpler, and cheaper diagnostic method would be very useful especially in developing...

    Authors: Benedikt Ley, George Mtove, Kamala Thriemer, Ben Amos, Lorenz von Seidlein, Ilse Hendriksen, Abraham Mwambuli, Aikande Shoo, Rajabu Malahiyo, Shaali M Ame, Deok R Kim, Leon R Ochiai, John D Clemens, Hugh Reyburn, Harald Wilfing, Stephen Magesa…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:180
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Although a dramatic decrease in AIDS progression has been observed after Highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy (HAART) in both low- and high-resource settings, few data support that fact in low-resource settings.

    Authors: Pierre De Beaudrap, Jean-François Etard, Assane Diouf, Ibrahima Ndiaye, Guèye Fatou N Ndèye, Papa S Sow, Kane Coumba T Ndèye, René Ecochard and Eric Delaporte
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:179
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. EV71 is associated with the fatal cases of brain stem encephalitis during large HFMD outbreaks from 1998 to 2008. EV71 may continuously shed from upper respiratory tracts and feces of HFMD patients for relativ...

    Authors: Jun Han, Xue-Jun Ma, Jun-Feng Wan, Ying-Hui Liu, Yan-Ling Han, Cao Chen, Chan Tian, Chen Gao, Miao Wang and Xiao-Ping Dong
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:178
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems in Zambia. However, information about lineages of M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates useful for epidemiology investigations is unknown. In this st...

    Authors: Chanda Mulenga, Isdore C Shamputa, David Mwakazanga, Nathan Kapata, Françoise Portaels and Leen Rigouts
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:177
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Despite the availability of effective antibiotic therapies, pneumococcal meningitis (PM) has a case fatality rate of up to 30% and causes neurological sequelae in up to half of the surviving patients. The unde...

    Authors: Matthias Wittwer, Denis Grandgirard, Janine Rohrbach and Stephen L Leib
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:176
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among college students in Shaanxi is high. Although tuberculosis leaves much psychological and social impact on patients, little is known about its impact on college st...

    Authors: Shao-Ru Zhang, Hong Yan, Jin-Jing Zhang, Tian-Hua Zhang, Xiao-Hong Li and Yin-Ping Zhang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:174
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Previous studies, conducted in the urban of Antananarivo, showed low rate of confirmed malaria cases. We used a geographical and environmental approach to investigate the contribution of environmental factors ...

    Authors: Fanjasoa Rakotomanana, Jocelyn Ratovonjato, Rindra V Randremanana, Laurence Randrianasolo, Rogelin Raherinjafy, Jean-Paul Rudant and Vincent Richard
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:173
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. To ensure sustainable routine surveillance of mosquito vectors, simple, effective and ethically acceptable tools are required. As a part of that, we evaluated the efficiency of resting boxes baited with fresh ...

    Authors: Aneth M Mahande, Beda J Mwang'onde, Shandala Msangi, Epiphania Kimaro, Ladslaus L Mnyone, Humphrey D Mazigo, Michael J Mahande and Eliningaya J Kweka
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:172
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. To examine common antimicrobial regimens used in eradicating certain nosocomial Gram-negative pathogens and determine which ones are likely to be the most suitable as empirical choices in Shenyang, China.

    Authors: Yun Zhuo Chu, Su Fei Tian, Bai Yi Chen, Hua Nian, Hong Shang and Guo Quan Sun
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:171
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. The use of cell culture for the diagnosis of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection is uncommon at present and molecular method such as reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) has been widely and most commonly used...

    Authors: Yoko Matsuzaki, Katsumi Mizuta, Emi Takashita, Michiko Okamoto, Tsutomu Itagaki, Fumio Katsushima, Yuriko Katsushima, Yukio Nagai and Hidekazu Nishimura
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:170
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Previous studies have indicated an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in HIV infected individuals especially after start of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). It is however controversial w...

    Authors: Line D Rasmussen, Lars H Omland, Court Pedersen, Jan Gerstoft, Gitte Kronborg, Janne Jensen and Niels Obel
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:169
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Influenza vaccination in infants and children with existing health complications is current practice in many countries, but healthy children are also susceptible to influenza, sometimes with complications. The...

    Authors: Vytautas Usonis, Ioana Anca, Francis André, Roman Chlibek, Inga Ivaskeviciene, Atanas Mangarov, Zsófia Mészner, Roman Prymula, Pavol Šimurka, Eda Tamm and Goran Tešović
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:168
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  37. The role of adaptive immunity in severe influenza is poorly understood. The occurrence of influenza A/H5N1 in a patient with HIV provided a rare opportunity to investigate this.

    Authors: Annette Fox, Peter Horby, Nguyen Hong Ha, Le Nguyen Minh Hoa, Nguyen Tien Lam, Cameron Simmons, Jeremy Farrar, Nguyen Van Kinh and Heiman Wertheim
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:167
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  38. Mathematical models of infection that consider targeted interventions are exquisitely dependent on the assumed mixing patterns of the population. We report on a pilot study designed to assess three different m...

    Authors: James M McCaw, Kristian Forbes, Paula M Nathan, Philippa E Pattison, Garry L Robins, Terence M Nolan and Jodie McVernon
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:166
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Pulmonary tuberculosis, the most common clinical form of mycobacterial diseases, is a granulomatous disease of the lungs caused by Mycobaterium tuberculosis. A number of genes have been identified in studies of d...

    Authors: Shilpy Sharma, Jaishriram Rathored, Balaram Ghosh and Surendra K Sharma
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:165
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Anti-viral prophylaxis is used to prevent the transmission of influenza. We studied serological confirmation of 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) infections during oseltamivir prophylaxis and after cessation of prophyla...

    Authors: Vernon J Lee, Jonathan Yap, Joshua K Tay, Ian Barr, Qiuhan Gao, Hanley J Ho, Boon Huan Tan, Paul M Kelly, Paul A Tambyah, Anne Kelso and Mark I Chen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:164
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Resistance of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) has evolved worldwide. In the archipelago of São Tomé and Principe (STP), West Africa, although SP resistance is highly p...

    Authors: Patrícia Salgueiro, José L Vicente, Conceição Ferreira, Vânia Teófilo, André Galvão, Virgílio E do Rosário, Pedro Cravo and João Pinto
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:163
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Several studies have shown a relatively high mortality rate among young people infected by the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus. Here we compared the age distributions of morbidity and mortality during t...

    Authors: Magali Lemaitre and Fabrice Carrat
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:162
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Tuberculosis is a highly infectious disease that is spread from person to person by infected aerosols emitted by patients with respiratory forms of the disease. We describe a novel device that utilizes immunos...

    Authors: Ruth McNerney, Beyene A Wondafrash, Kebede Amena, Ato Tesfaye, Elaine M McCash and Nicol J Murray
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:161
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  45. Previous studies regarding the prognosis of patients infected with MRSA isolates characterized by a high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for vancomycin have generally used a commercial Etest. Little res...

    Authors: Jiun-Ling Wang, Jann-Tay Wang, Wang-Huei Sheng, Yee-Chun Chen and Shan-Chwen Chang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:159
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Vertebral osteomyelitis is a common manifestation of osteomyelitis in adults and associated with considerable morbidity. Limited data exist regarding hematogenous vertebral osteomyelitis. Our objective was to ...

    Authors: Kavita P Bhavan, Jonas Marschall, Margaret A Olsen, Victoria J Fraser, Neill M Wright and David K Warren
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:158
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. There is conclusive evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) infections of the cervix are a necessary cause of cervical cancer. In Italy there are consistent data of HPV prevalence in women aged 25 - 64 years,...

    Authors: Massimo Confortini, Francesca Carozzi, Marco Zappa, Leonardo Ventura, Anna Iossa, Paola Cariaggi, Livia Brandigi, Mario Franchini, Francesco Mirri, Paolo Viacava, Aurora Scarfantoni, Daniela Bazzanti and Cristina Sani
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:157
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Smoking is known to aggravate tuberculosis (TB), but such information has been ignored in clinical practice, as it was not thought to be relevant. The aim of this study is to assess the benefits of smoking ces...

    Authors: Chi-Pang Wen, Ta-Chien Chan, Hui-Ting Chan, Min-Kuang Tsai, Ting-Yuang Cheng and Shan-Pou Tsai
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:156
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. The first imported case of pandemic influenza (H1N1) 2009 in Germany was confirmed in April 2009. However, the first wave with measurable burden of disease started only in October 2009. The basic epidemiologic...

    Authors: Gabriele Poggensee, Andreas Gilsdorf, Silke Buda, Tim Eckmanns, Hermann Claus, Doris Altmann, Gérard Krause and Walter Haas
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:155
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Interferon gamma is a major macrophage-activating cytokine during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative pathogen of tuberculosis, and its role has been well established in animal models and in ...

    Authors: Marlo Möller, Almut Nebel, Paul D van Helden, Stefan Schreiber and Eileen G Hoal
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:154
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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