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  1. Many low and middle-income countries are experiencing colliding epidemics of chronic infectious (ID) and non-communicable diseases (NCD). As a result, the prevalence of multiple morbidities (MM) is rising.

    Authors: Tolu Oni, Elizabeth Youngblood, Andrew Boulle, Nuala McGrath, Robert J Wilkinson and Naomi S Levitt
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:20
  2. The goal of chronic hepatitis C treatment is to remove the virus to avoid progression of HCV-related disease. Sustained virologic response (SVR) is the most widely used efficacy endpoint in clinical studies of...

    Authors: Jayne Smith-Palmer, Karin Cerri and William Valentine
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:19
  3. The association between heart failure (HF) and herpes zoster has rarely been studied. We investigated the hypothesis that HF may increase the risk of herpes zoster in Taiwan using a nationwide Taiwanese popula...

    Authors: Ping-Hsun Wu, Yi-Ting Lin, Chun-Yi Lin, Ming-Yii Huang, Wei-Chiao Chang and Wei-Pin Chang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:17
  4. Pneumonia and diarrhea are leading causes of death for children under five (U5). It is challenging to estimate the total number of deaths and cause-specific mortality fractions. Two major efforts, one led by t...

    Authors: Stephanie D Kovacs, Kim Mullholland, Julia Bosch, Harry Campbell, Mohammad H Forouzanfar, Ibrahim Khalil, Stephen Lim, Li Liu, Stephen N Maley, Colin D Mathers, Alastair Matheson, Ali H Mokdad, Kate O’Brien, Umesh Parashar, Torin T Schaafsma, Duncan Steele…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:16
  5. Syphilis infection during pregnancy leads to avoidable morbidity and mortality and remains a significant problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite global initiatives to increase the proportion of pregnant women s...

    Authors: Yukari C Manabe, Gertrude Namale, Elizabeth Nalintya, Joseph Sempa, Rosalind Parkes Ratanshi, Nadine Pakker and Elly Katabira
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:15
  6. In recent years community-based voluntary counselling and testing sites (CB-VCT) for men having sex with men (MSM) have been established in larger cities in Germany to offer more opportunities for HIV testing....

    Authors: Ulrich Marcus, Jasmin Ort, Marc Grenz, Kai Eckstein, Karin Wirtz and Andreas Wille
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:14
  7. Previous studies reported that the incidence of intestinal spirochetosis was high in homosexual men, especially those with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection. The aim of the present study was to clarify th...

    Authors: Yoko Tateishi, Masae Takahashi, Shin-ichiro Horiguchi, Nobuaki Funata, Koichi Koizumi, Koji Okudela, Tsunekazu Hishima and Kenichi Ohashi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:13
  8. We evaluated predictors and outcomes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteremia among participants undergoing baseline mycobacterial blood culture in the ACTG A5221 STRIDE study, a randomized clinical trial compari...

    Authors: John A Crump, Xingye Wu, Michelle A Kendall, Prudence D Ive, Johnstone J Kumwenda, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Ute Jentsch and Susan Swindells
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:12
  9. Serratia marcescens represents an important pathogen involved in hospital acquired infections. Outbreaks are frequently reported and are difficult to eradicate. The aim of this study is to describe an outbreak of...

    Authors: Carlotta Montagnani, Priscilla Cocchi, Laura Lega, Silvia Campana, Klaus Peter Biermann, Cesare Braggion, Patrizia Pecile, Elena Chiappini, Maurizio de Martino and Luisa Galli
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:11
  10. Panton Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) has been associated with invasive Staphylococcus aureus soft tissue and pneumonic infections.

    Authors: Peter Boan, Hui-Leen Tan, Julie Pearson, Geoffrey Coombs, Christopher H Heath and James Owen Robinson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:10
  11. To date, more than 125 species of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have been identified. In this study, we investigated the frequency and clinical implication of the rarely isolated NTM from respiratory speci...

    Authors: Junghyun Kim, Moon-Woo Seong, Eui-Chong Kim, Sung Koo Han and Jae-Joon Yim
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:9
  12. HPV infection is an established risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer, and it has been proposed that cigarette smoking may potentiate HPV infection in the oral epithelium. We sought to test the hypothesis that ...

    Authors: Karl T Kelsey, Heather H Nelson, Stephanie Kim, Michael Pawlita, Scott M Langevin, Melissa Eliot, Dominique S Michaud and Michael McClean
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:8
  13. Although mouse brain-derived, inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccines (JE-MBs) have been successfully used for a long time, potential rare neurological complications have prompted the development of a Vero ...

    Authors: Ki Wook Yun, Hoan Jong Lee, Jin Han Kang, Byung Wook Eun, Yae-Jean Kim, Kyung-Hyo Kim, Nam Hee Kim, Young Jin Hong, Dong Ho Kim, Hwang Min Kim and Sung-Ho Cha
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:7
  14. Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of bloodstream infections among hemodialysis patients and of exit-site infections among peritoneal dialysis patients. However, the risk and prognosis of Staphylococcus aur...

    Authors: Lise H Nielsen, Søren Jensen-Fangel, Thomas Benfield, Robert Skov, Bente Jespersen, Anders R Larsen, Lars Østergaard, Henrik Støvring, Henrik C Schønheyder and Ole S Søgaard
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:6
  15. The burden of catheter-related infections (CRIs) in developing countries is severe. In South Africa, a standardised surveillance definition does not exist and the collection of catheter days is challenging. Th...

    Authors: Wilhelmina Strasheim, Martha M Kock, Veronica Ueckermann, Ebrahim Hoosien, Andries W Dreyer and Marthie M Ehlers
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:5
  16. After the control of the main modes of Chagas disease (CD) transmission in most endemic countries, it is important to identify the participation of native sylvatic vectors in CD transmission. Although CD is no...

    Authors: Luiz Henrique Conde Sangenis, Roberto Magalhães Saraiva, Ingebourg Georg, Liane de Castro, Valdirene dos Santos Lima, André Luiz R Roque, Samanta Cristina das Chagas Xavier, Laura Cristina Santos, Fabiano A Fernandes, Otília Sarquis, Marli Maria Lima, Filipe Aníbal Carvalho-Costa and Márcio Neves Bóia
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:4
  17. In patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), short-term mortality is largely dependent on pneumonia severity, whereas long-term mortality is considered to depend on comorbidity. However, evidence indic...

    Authors: Thomas Wesemann, Harald Nüllmann, Marc Andre Pflug, Hans Jürgen Heppner, Ludger Pientka and Ulrich Thiem
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:2
  18. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic highlighted the need to routinely monitor severe influenza, which lead to the establishment of sentinel hospital-based surveillance of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in sever...

    Authors: Tamara J Meerhoff, Artan Simaku, Dritan Ulqinaku, Liana Torosyan, Natalia Gribkova, Veronica Shimanovich, Giorgi Chakhunashvili, Irakli Karseladze, Aizhan Yesmagambetova, Ainagul Kuatbayeva, Zuridin Nurmatov, Dinagul Otorbaeva, Emilia Lupulescu, Odette Popovici, Elizaveta Smorodintseva, Anna Sominina…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:1
  19. Dilated cardiomyopathy occurring in HIV-infected patients raises both diagnostic and therapeutic challenging problems. Indeed myocardial involvement in HIV infection has been variously attributed to several ca...

    Authors: Andrea Frustaci, Nicola Petrosillo, Marco Francone, Romina Verardo, Giuseppe Ippolito and Cristina Chimenti
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:729
  20. Impetigo is caused by both Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus; the relative contributions of each have been reported to fluctuate with time and region. While S. aureus is reportedly on the increase ...

    Authors: Asha C Bowen, Steven YC Tong, Mark D Chatfield and Jonathan R Carapetis
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:727
  21. Approximately 7% of survivors from meningococcal meningitis (MM) suffer from neurological sequelae due to brain damage in the course of meningitis. The present study focuses on the role of matrix metalloprotei...

    Authors: Susanna Ricci, Denis Grandgirard, Michael Wenzel, Tiziana Braccini, Paola Salvatore, Marco R Oggioni, Stephen L Leib and Uwe Koedel
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:726
  22. A multicenter observational study was conducted in Italy to assess the safety of micafungin in the daily clinical practice for the treatment of proven and suspected invasive candidiasis (IC), as well as to des...

    Authors: Claudio Viscoli, Matteo Bassetti, Elio Castagnola, Simone Cesaro, Francesco Menichetti, Sandra Ratto, Carlo Tascini and Daniele Roberto Giacobbe
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:725
  23. HIV increasingly is experienced as a complex chronic illness where individuals are living longer with a range of physical, cognitive, mental and social health-related challenges associated with HIV, comorbidit...

    Authors: Kelly K O’Brien, Francisco Ibáñez-Carrasco, Patricia Solomon, Richard Harding, Jessica Cattaneo, William Chegwidden, Jacqueline Gahagan, Larry Baxter, Catherine Worthington, Patriic Gayle, Brenda Merritt, Rosalind Baltzer-Turje, Nkem Iku and Elisse Zack
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:724
  24. As healthy children are the main reservoir of respiratory pathogens and the main cause of bacterial diffusion in the community, it could be interesting to investigate the type of screening that should be used ...

    Authors: Susanna Esposito, Leonardo Terranova, Alberto Zampiero, Valentina Ierardi, Walter Peves Rios, Claudio Pelucchi and Nicola Principi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:723
  25. The diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology for the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLN) is confounded by mimicking cytomorphologic disorders. The objective of this study was to d...

    Authors: Ketema Abdissa, Mulualem Tadesse, Mesele Bezabih, Alemayehu Bekele, Ludwig Apers, Leen Rigouts and Gemeda Abebe
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:720
  26. Few data exist on the use of text messaging as a tool to promote retention in HIV care and virologic suppression at the clinic level in the United States. We describe the protocol for a study designed to inves...

    Authors: Katerina A Christopoulos, Elise D Riley, Jacqueline Tulsky, Adam W Carrico, Judith T Moskowitz, Leslie Wilson, Lara S Coffin, Veesta Falahati, Jordan Akerley and Joan F Hilton
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:718
  27. Among methods for preventing pneumonia and possibly also bacteremia in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, Selective Digestive Decontamination (SDD) appears most effective within randomized concurrent controll...

    Authors: James C Hurley
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:714
  28. Influenza pandemics are usually caused by the re-assortment of several influenza viruses, results in the emergence of new influenza virus strains that can infect the entire population. These pandemic strains, ...

    Authors: Hilda Sherbany, John McCauley, Tal Meningher, Musa Hindiyeh, Rita Dichtiar, Michal Perry Markovich, Ella Mendelson and Michal Mandelboim
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:710
  29. Although the evidence base regarding the use of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) when testing respiratory samples is well established, the evidence base for its diagnostic a...

    Authors: Laura Maynard-Smith, Natasha Larke, Jurgens A Peters and Stephen D Lawn
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:709
  30. A total of 453 laboratory-confirmed cases infected with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus (including 175 deaths) have been reported till October 2,2014, of which 30.68% (139/453) of the cases were identified from...

    Authors: Hua Ding, Yin Chen, Zhao Yu, Peter W Horby, Fenjuan Wang, Jingfeng Hu, Xuhui Yang, Haiyan Mao, Shuwen Qin, Chengliang Chai, Shelan Liu, Enfu Chen and Hongjie Yu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:698
  31. Internet-based surveillance systems provide a novel approach to monitoring infectious diseases. Surveillance systems built on internet data are economically, logistically and epidemiologically appealing and ha...

    Authors: Gabriel J Milinovich, Simon M R Avril, Archie C A Clements, John S Brownstein, Shilu Tong and Wenbiao Hu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:690
  32. Our aim was to compare the 12-month incidence and clearance of oral high-risk HPV infection between HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) and HIV-negative MSM.

    Authors: Fleur van Aar, Sofie H Mooij, Marianne AB van der Sande, Chris JLM Meijer, Audrey J King, Dominique WM Verhagen, Titia Heijman, Roel A Coutinho and Maarten F Schim van der Loeff
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:668
  33. Variations at DEPDC5 gene have been recently reported as genetic markers associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression in chronic HCV-infected patients. This study was conducted to assess the asso...

    Authors: Mashael R Al-Anazi, Sabine Matou-Nasri, Ayman A Abdo, Faisal M Sanai, Mohammed Q Khan, Ali Albenmousa, Hamad I Al-Ashgar, Nisreen Z Khalaf, Mohammed N Al-Ahdal and Ahmed A Al-Qahtani
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:632
  34. Antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a serious health problem in China. Gonococcal antimicrobial susceptibility has been monitored in Shanghai since 1988. In this study, we examined the changing p...

    Authors: Wei-Ming Gu, Yue Chen, Yang Yang, Lei Wu, Wei-Zhong Hu and Yue-Lan Jin
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:731
  35. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a rare affection in the pediatric population. It usually occurs when concurrent conditions are present, such as nephrotic syndrome, peritoneal dialysis or liver disea...

    Authors: Gabriel Brändle, Arnaud G L’Huillier, Noémie Wagner, Alain Gervaix, Barbara E Wildhaber and Laurence Lacroix
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:719
  36. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common cancer worldwide and the Czech Republic has the 6th highest incidence of CRC worldwide. Large intestinal microbiota play in its etiopathogenesis important role. B...

    Authors: Darina Kohoutova, David Smajs, Paula Moravkova, Jiri Cyrany, Monika Moravkova, Miroslava Forstlova, Michal Cihak, Stanislav Rejchrt and Jan Bures
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:733
  37. With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV infection has become a chronic condition in children with improved survival and quality of life. Reports on long term effectiveness of non-n...

    Authors: Aparna Mukherjee, Nipam Shah, Ravinder Singh, Madhu Vajpayee, Sushil K Kabra and Rakesh Lodha
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:701
  38. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnancy has resulted in a marked impact on reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MCT) of HIV. However the safety of in utero ART exposure in newborns remains a co...

    Authors: Luis M Prieto, María Isabel González- Tomé, Eloy Muñoz, María Fernández-Ibieta, Beatriz Soto, Ana Álvarez, Maria Luisa Navarro, Miguel Ángel Roa, José Beceiro, María Isabel de José, Iciar Olabarrieta, David Lora and José Tomás Ramos
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:700
  39. Although severe sepsis constitutes an important burden for healthcare systems, there is limited nationwide data on its epidemiology in European countries. Our objective was to examine the most recent epidemiol...

    Authors: Carmen Bouza, Teresa López-Cuadrado, Zuleika Saz-Parkinson and José María Amate-Blanco
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:3863
  40. Australia commenced human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in 2007, with a two-year catch-up to the age of 26; catch-up cohorts are thus now entering their thirties. Plans for monitoring vaccine impact involve...

    Authors: Louiza S Velentzis, Freddy Sitas, Dianne L O’Connell, Jessica Darlington-Brown, Sam Egger, Rohit Sinha, Emily Banks, Ian H Frazer and Karen Canfell
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:3861
  41. Anaemia is frequently associated with both HIV-infection and HIV-related tuberculosis (TB) in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve patients in sub-Saharan Africa and is strongly associated with poor prognosis. H...

    Authors: Andrew D Kerkhoff, Robin Wood, Frank G Cobelens, Ankur Gupta-Wright, Linda-Gail Bekker and Stephen D Lawn
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:3860
  42. Tuberculosis (TB) mortality remains high across sub-Saharan Africa despite integration of TB and HIV/ART programmes. To inform programme design and service delivery, we estimated mortality by time from startin...

    Authors: Nigel Field, Megan SC Lim, Jill Murray, Robert J Dowdeswell, Judith R Glynn and Pam Sonnenberg
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:3858
  43. Despite the clinical significance of Salmonella infections, surveillance data worldwide remains limited and is more so exemplified by the lack of reports from Africa especially in eastern, central and western Afr...

    Authors: Appiah-Korang Labi, Noah Obeng-Nkrumah, Naa Okaikor Addison and Eric Sampene Donkor
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:3857

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:263

  44. Genes related to antigen presentation pathway, which are in the non-classical class-II region of human leukocyte antigen (HLA), play a vital role during the infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV).

    Authors: Peng Huang, Li Dong, Xiaomei Lu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Hongbo Chen, Jie Wang, Yun Zhang, Jing Su and Rongbin Yu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:716
  45. Toxoplasmosis caused by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a global epidemic parasitic disease. DNA vaccines play an important role in preventing the spread of toxoplasmosis. SAG family g...

    Authors: Gang Lu, Aihua Zhou, Min Meng, Lin Wang, Yali Han, Jingjing Guo, Huaiyu Zhou, Hua Cong, Qunli Zhao, Xing-Quan Zhu and Shenyi He
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:3862
  46. The burden of bloodstream infections is insufficiently studied in children in Africa and many healthcare facilities lack the capacity to identify invasive disease. Often studies have been limited to febrile pa...

    Authors: Joakim Isendahl, Cristovão Manjuba, Amabelia Rodrigues, Weiping Xu, Birgitta Henriques-Normark, Christian G Giske and Pontus Nauclér
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:3859

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