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  1. Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) is an automated molecular test recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) for diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). This study evaluated the effect of Xpert implementation on the detection ...

    Authors: Zheyuan Wu, Zulma Vanessa Rueda, Tao Li, Zurong Zhang, Yuan Jiang, Wei Sha, Fangyou Yu, Jing Chen, Qichao Pan, Xin Shen and Zheng’an Yuan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:153
  2. Human encephalitis can originate from a variety of different aetiologies, of which infection is the most common one. The diagnostic work-up is specifically challenging in patients with travel history since a b...

    Authors: Andreas Osterman, Viktoria C. Ruf, Cristina Domingo, Andreas Nitsche, Peter Eichhorn, Hanna Zimmermann, Klaus Seelos, Sabine Zange, Konstantinos Dimitriadis, Hans-Walter Pfister, Thorsten Thye, Armin Giese, Dennis Tappe and Stephan Böhm
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:150
  3. Low level viremia (LLV) often occurs during antiretroviral therapy (ART) against HIV-1. However, whether LLV increases the risk of virologic failure (VF) is controversial because of the non-uniform definitions...

    Authors: Tong Zhang, Haibo Ding, Minghui An, Xiaonan Wang, Wen Tian, Bin Zhao and Xiaoxu Han
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:147
  4. Age is a risk factor for infective endocarditis, and almost half of diagnosed patients are age ≥ 60 years. Large national studies have not evaluated inpatient mortality and surgical valvular interventions betw...

    Authors: Ché Matthew Harris, Waseem Khaliq, Aiham Albaeni and Keith C. Norris
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:146

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:243

  5. Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is an inflammatory disease with increasing incidence. When it occurs with diabetes mellitus (DM), the risk of recurrence and mortality may increase. However, the effect of DM on th...

    Authors: Zhaoqing Du, Xingchen Zhou, Junzhou Zhao, Jianbin Bi, Yifan Ren, Jia Zhang, Yuxin Lin, Zheng Wu, Yi Lv, Xufeng Zhang and Rongqian Wu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:145
  6. The southeastern US is an epicenter for incident HIV in the US with high prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) co-infections. However, epidemiologies of HPV-associated clinical conditions (CC) among people ...

    Authors: Yuanfan Ye, Greer A. Burkholder, Howard W. Wiener, Russell Griffin, Stella Aslibekyan, Karen Fry, Ashraf Khan and Sadeep Shrestha
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:144
  7. Chagas disease is caused by the haemoflagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Currently, T. cruzi recognizes seven discrete typing units (DTUs): TcI to TcVI and Tcbat. The genetic diversity of T. cruzi is suspecte...

    Authors: Manuel Calvopina, Gabriela Segovia, William Cevallos, Yosselin Vicuña, Jaime A. Costales and Angel Guevara
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:143
  8. Obligate anaerobes usually account for less than 10% of bacteria recovered from blood cultures (BC). The relevance of routine use of the anaerobic bottle is under debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate ...

    Authors: M. Lafaurie, E. d’Anglejan, J. L. Donay, D. Glotz, E. Sarfati, M. Mimoun, M. Legrand, E. Oksenhendler, M. Bagot, S. Valade, B. Bercot and J. M. Molina
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:142
  9. The global annual estimate for cryptococcal disease-related deaths exceeds 180,000, with three fourth occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends cryptococcal antigen (CrAg)...

    Authors: Sulaiman Lakoh, Hannah Rickman, Momodu Sesay, Sartie Kenneh, Rachael Burke, Mamadu Baldeh, Darlinda F. Jiba, Yusuf S. Tejan, Sonia Boyle, Comfort Koroma, Gibrilla F. Deen and Fenella Beynon
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:141
  10. Anthrax is an endemic disease that persists in the rural regions of China. The global genetic population structure of B.anthracis has also been defined by the canonical single-nucleotide polymorphisms (canSNP) an...

    Authors: Enmin Zhang, Huijuan Zhang, Jinrong He, Wei Li and Jianchun Wei
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:140
  11. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is thought to affect tuberculosis (TB) clinical presentation and treatment response. Whether DM impacts radiological manifestations of pulmonary TB is still not clear. This study investi...

    Authors: Nadia Nilda Barreda, Maria B. Arriaga, Juan Gonzalo Aliaga, Kattya Lopez, Oswaldo Martin Sanabria, Thomas A. Carmo, José F. Fróes Neto, Leonid Lecca, Bruno B. Andrade and Roger I. Calderon
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:139
  12. Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium, Orientia tsutsugamushi. Immunochromatography (ICT) and IgM ELISA are two of the routinely employed antibody based assays fo...

    Authors: Rajendra Gautam, Keshab Parajuli, Tshokey Tshokey, John Stenos and Jeevan Bahadur Sherchand
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:138
  13. Currently, Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogens worldwide, especially for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infection. However, few reports referred to patients’ MRSA infections in Yu...

    Authors: Feng Liao, Zhishuo Mo, Wenpeng Gu, Wen Xu, Xiaoqing Fu and Yunhui Zhang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:137
  14. Infants < 3 months of age are at highest risk for developing severe complications after pertussis. The majority of pregnant women has low concentrations of pertussis-specific antibodies and thus newborns are i...

    Authors: Sabine Vygen-Bonnet, Wiebke Hellenbrand, Edeltraut Garbe, Rüdiger von Kries, Christian Bogdan, Ulrich Heininger, Marianne Röbl-Mathieu and Thomas Harder
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:136
  15. Salmonellosis remains an important public health problem globally. The disease is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries that experience poor hygiene and lack of access to ...

    Authors: Fadhili A. Ngogo, Agricola Joachim, Ahmed M. Abade, Susan F. Rumisha, Mucho M. Mizinduko and Mtebe V. Majigo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:135
  16. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of avoidable deaths. Economic migrants represent a vulnerable population due to their exposure to medical and social risk factors. These factors expose them to higher ri...

    Authors: Luan Nguyen Quang Vo, Andrew James Codlin, Rachel Jeanette Forse, Hoa Trung Nguyen, Thanh Nguyen Vu, Vinh Van Truong, Giang Chau Do, Lan Huu Nguyen, Giang Truong Le and Maxine Caws
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:134
  17. Vertebral osteomyelitis can be attributed to many factors including immunosuppression, diabetes, malignancy, collagen disease, periodontal disease, open fractures, and endoscopic procedures. Anaerobic bacteria...

    Authors: Abhijith Bathini, Christina R. Maxwell, Hirad Hedayat, James Barrett and Zakaria Hakma
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:133
  18. Community–acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading worldwide causes of childhood morbidity and mortality. Its disease burden varies by age and etiology and is time dependent. We aimed to investigate the ...

    Authors: Eun Lee, Chul-Hong Kim, Yong Ju Lee, Hyo-Bin Kim, Bong-Seong Kim, Hyung Young Kim, Yunsun Kim, Sangyoung Kim, Chorong Park, Ju-Hee Seo, In Suk Sol, Myongsoon Sung, Min Seob Song, Dae Jin Song, Young Min Ahn, Hea Lin Oh…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:132
  19. After publication of the original article [1], we were notified that units of testosterone in main text and abstract and units of DHEA-S in Fig. 1 and Table 4 are incorrect.

    Authors: Yoshifumi Uwamino, Tomoyasu Nishimura, Yasunori Sato, Eiko Tamizu, Takanori Asakura, Shunsuke Uno, Masaaki Mori, Hiroshi Fujiwara, Makoto Ishii, Hiroshi Kawabe, Mitsuru Murata and Naoki Hasegawa
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:131

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:1055

  20. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) poses diagnostic challenges due to the paucibacillary nature of the disease. The immunochemistry-based MPT64 antigen detection test (MPT64 test) has shown promising results f...

    Authors: Ida Marie Hoel, Lisbet Sviland, Heidi Syre, Anne Ma Dyrhol-Riise, Ingerid Skarstein, Peter Jebsen, Melissa Davidsen Jørstad, Harald Wiker and Tehmina Mustafa
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:130
  21. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) transmitted from person to person mainly by sexual intercourse or through vertical transmission during pregnancy. Female sex workers (FSWs) are exposed especi...

    Authors: Ronaldo Lopes de Souza, Lucimar Di Paula dos Santos Madeira, Marcelo Victor Serejo Pereira, Rachel Macedo da Silva, João Bráullio de Luna Sales, Vania Nakauth Azevedo, Rosimar Neris Martins Feitosa, Jacqueline Cortinhas Monteiro, Marluisa de Oliveira Guimarães Ishak, Ricardo Ishak, Andre Luis Ribeiro Ribeiro, Aldemir B. Oliveira-Filho and Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:129
  22. Coagulase-negative staphylococci belonging to S. haemolyticus, S. hominis subsp. hominis, S. simulans, and S. warneri are often described as etiological factors of infections. Staphylococci are a phylogenetically...

    Authors: Magdalena Szemraj, Magdalena Grazul, Ewa Balcerczak and Eligia M. Szewczyk
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:128
  23. This study is to elucidate the disinfection effect of ozone producing low-pressure Hg vapor lamps against human pathogens. Ozone producing low-pressure Hg vapor lamps emit mainly 254 nm ultraviolet light C (UV...

    Authors: Wai Szeto, W. C. Yam, Haibao Huang and Dennis Y. C. Leung
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:127
  24. More and more azole-resistant strains emerged through the development of acquired resistance and an epidemiological shift towards inherently less susceptible species. The mechanisms of azoles resistance of Candid...

    Authors: Ming-rui Zhang, Fei Zhao, Shuang Wang, Sha Lv, Yan Mou, Chun-li Yao, Ying Zhou and Fu-qiu Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:126
  25. Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) are reported to be associated with enterovirus D68 infection. Though an increasing number of AFM cases were reported with EV-D68 infection in the US, few such cases have been found...

    Authors: Xiaoli Wang, Pengfei Zhang, Jie Li, Yanhui Chu, Zheng Li, Yang Yang, Fu Li, Shujuan Cui, Da Huo, Yu Wang and Quanyi Wang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:125
  26. The emergence of Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) poses a major public health problem since it was first reported. Although the rising rates of VRE infections are being reported elsewhere in the worldwide; ...

    Authors: Addisu Melese, Chalachew Genet and Tesfaye Andualem
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:124
  27. The rate of S68G mutation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase has increased and is closely related to the K65R mutation among CRF01_AE-infected patients who failed treatment. W...

    Authors: Shengjia Li, Jinming Ouyang, Bin Zhao, Minghui An, Lin Wang, Haibo Ding, Min Zhang and Xiaoxu Han
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:123
  28. After publication of the original article [1], we were notified that an author’s family name has been erroneously spelled. Aditya Chandrokar should be replaced with Aditya Chandorkar.

    Authors: Ralph Rogers, Kapil Saharia, Aditya Chandorkar, Zoe F. Weiss, Kendra Vieira, Sophia Koo and Dimitrios Farmakiotis
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:122

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:58

  29. We analyzed the results of a 3-year surveillance study on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of healthcare associated-infections (HAIs) in elderly inpatients in a large tertiary hospital in China.

    Authors: Xia Zhao, Lihong Wang, Nan Wei, Jingli Zhang, Wenhui Ma, Huijie Zhao and Xu Han
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:121
  30. While several studies have assessed the associations between biological factors and tuberculosis (TB) transmission, our understanding of the associations between TB transmission and social and economic factors...

    Authors: Rebecca Tadokera, Linda-Gail Bekker, Barry N. Kreiswirth, Barun Mathema and Keren Middelkoop
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:120
  31. Paracoccidioidomycosis is a neglected tropical disease, endemic in several countries of South America including Colombia. We report a case of a patient with Chronic Multifocal Paracoccidioidomycosis with long-...

    Authors: Deving Arias Ramos, John Alexander Alzate, Ángela María Giraldo Montoya, Yessica Andrea Trujillo and Leidy Yurany Arias Ramos
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:119
  32. Previous publications indicated an emerging issue with community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA), particularly skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), in Indigenous communities in ...

    Authors: Dahn Jeong, Ha Nhan Thi Nguyen, Mark Tyndall and Yoko S. Schreiber
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:118
  33. Severe febrile illness without a known source (SFWS) is a challenge for clinicians when deciding how to manage a patient, particularly given the wide spectrum of potential aetiologies that contribute to fever....

    Authors: Jennifer Osborn, Teri Roberts, Ethan Guillen, Oscar Bernal, Paul Roddy, Stefano Ongarello, Armand Sprecher, Anne-Laure Page, Isabela Ribeiro, Erwan Piriou, Abiy Tamrat, Roberto de la Tour, V. Bhargavi Rao, Laurence Flevaud, Tomas Jensen, Lachlan McIver…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:117
  34. Yellow fever vaccine exists for over 80 years and is considered to be relatively safe. However, in rare cases it can produce serious neurotropic and viscerotropic complications. We report a case of a patient w...

    Authors: Lev Volkov, Gilda Grard, Pierre-Edouard Bollaert, Guillaume A. Durand, Aurélie Cravoisy, Marie Conrad, Lionel Nace, Guilhem Courte, Rémy Marnai, Isabelle Leparc-Goffart and Sébastien Gibot
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:116
  35. Normothermic and hypothermic oxygenated perfusion for donation after circulatory death in kidney transplantation are becoming popular in Italy, with the purpose of reducing the risk of primary non function and...

    Authors: Matteo Ravaioli, Valeria Corradetti, Matteo Renzulli, Giuliana Germinario, Lorenzo Maroni, Federica Odaldi, Guido Fallani, Anna Paola Pezzuto, Daniele Parlanti, Raffaele Bova, Claudia Bini, Gaetano La Manna and Giorgia Comai
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:115
  36. Identifying patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and enhancing the cascade of care are essential for eliminating HCV infection. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of positive anti-HCV serol...

    Authors: Daniela Mariano Carvalho-Louro, Eric Bassetti Soares, Jose Eduardo Trevizoli, Thayna Moreira Gomes Marra, Alexandre Lima Rodrigues da Cunha, Marcelo Palmeira Rodrigues, Adriana Claudia Lopes Carvalho-Furtado, Beatriz Taynara Araujo dos Santos and Francisco de Assis da Rocha Neves
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:114
  37. Currently available injectable agents are inadequate to address the high drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) burden in China. Regimens including the oral agent bedaquiline have been shown to be efficacious and...

    Authors: Abela Mpobela Agnarson, Xiao Chun Wang, Ravi Potluri, Hitesh Bhandari, Amit Dhir, Chrispin Kambili and Laurent Metz
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:113
  38. Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is increasingly being diagnosed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been found to possess antifungal activities. We hence aimed to...

    Authors: Kai-Jieh Yeo, Hsin-Hua Chen, Yi-Ming Chen, Ching-Heng Lin, Der-Yuan Chen, Chih-Ming Lai and Wen-Cheng Chao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:112
  39. After publication of the original article [1], we were notified that Fig. 3 has “Fig. 1” posted on the top of it and Figs. 4 and 5 have “Genomic Position” in a different spot.

    Authors: G. Clement Dobbins, Amit Patki, Dongquan Chen, Hemant K. Tiwari, Curtis Hendrickson, William J. Britt, Karen Fowler, Jake Y. Chen, Suresh B. Boppana and Shannon A. Ross
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:111

    The original article was published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:1046

  40. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionally affected by sexually transmitted infections (STI). STI are often extragenital and asymptomatic. Both can delay diagnosis and treatment. Approval of HIV pre...

    Authors: Klaus Jansen, Gyde Steffen, Anja Potthoff, Ann-Kathrin Schuppe, Daniel Beer, Heiko Jessen, Stefan Scholten, Petra Spornraft-Ragaller, Viviane Bremer and Carsten Tiemann
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:110
  41. Tuberculosis continues to be a health problem of both developed and developing countries, and its incidence has currently increased due to HIV induced immune suppression. HIV-co-infection decreases the total n...

    Authors: Tadelo Wondmagegn, Debasu Damtie, Meaza Genetu, Belete Biadgo, Mulualem Lemma and Markos Negash
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:109
  42. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common cause of morbidity worldwide. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) bacteria are the major cause of urinary tract infections. UPEC strains derive from different phylogene...

    Authors: Belayneh Regasa Dadi, Tamrat Abebe, Lixin Zhang, Adane Mihret, Workeabeba Abebe and Wondwossen Amogne
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:108
  43. Globally, Taenia solium can cause cysticercosis in humans (including neurocysticercosis) and in pigs through ingestion of eggs and taeniasis in humans through ingestion of raw/undercooked pork contaminated with m...

    Authors: Msawenkosi I. Sithole, Johan L. Bekker and Samson Mukaratirwa
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:107
  44. HIV and tuberculosis (TB) are intricably interlinked in South Africa. The social aspects of this co-epidemic remain relatively unexplored. More specifically, no research has quantitatively explored the double ...

    Authors: Edwin Wouters, Nina Sommerland, Caroline Masquillier, Asta Rau, Michelle Engelbrecht, André Janse Van Rensburg, Gladys Kigozi, Koen Ponnet and Wim Van Damme
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:106
  45. Urogenital tuberculosis (TB) is rare in children and usually develops due to reactivation of the foci in the genitourinary tract after the latency period following initial infection. Urogenital TB in children ...

    Authors: Darja Aleinikova, Ilva Pole, Janis Kimsis, Anita Skangale, Olga Bobrikova, Regina Kazelnika, Inta Jansone, Inga Norvaisa, Iveta Ozere and Renate Ranka
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:105
  46. Vibrio spp. are aquatic bacteria that are ubiquitous in warm estuarine and marine environments, of which 12 species are currently known to cause infections in humans. So far, only five human infections with V. ha...

    Authors: Thomas Theo Brehm, Laura Berneking, Holger Rohde, Martin Chistner, Carsten Schlickewei, Meike Sena Martins and Stefan Schmiedel
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:104
  47. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an endemic communicable disease in China, accounting for 90% of total reported cases worldwide. In this study, the authors want to investigate the risk factors f...

    Authors: Xiaochen Wang, Wenqi Shen, Yuanfang Qin, Liang Ying, Haipeng Li, Jiankui Lu, Jing Lu, Nan Zhang, Zhifeng Li, Weizhong Zhou, Fenyang Tang, Fengcai Zhu, Jianli Hu and Changjun Bao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:103
  48. Minimising antimicrobial overuse is needed to limit antimicrobial resistance. There is little evidence on how often microbiological testing informs antimicrobial de-escalation (e.g. stopping, shortening durati...

    Authors: William L. Hamilton, Sacha-Marie Pires, Samantha Lippett, Vikesh Gudka, Elizabeth L. A. Cross and Martin J. Llewelyn
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:102
  49. Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduc...

    Authors: Mazyanga L. Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze and Daniel Cohen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:101
  50. Invasive infections caused by Capnocytophaga canimorsus are rare. Immunocompromised patients, who report being bitten by or having a close contact with an animal, represent a high-risk group for this infection. T...

    Authors: Petr Prasil, Lenka Ryskova, Stanislav Plisek and Pavel Bostik
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:100

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