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  1. The HIV-1 epidemic in Slovenia, a small Central European country, has some characteristics that make it an ideal model to study HIV-1 transmission. The epidemic is predominantly affecting men who have sex with...

    Authors: Maja M Lunar, Anne-Mieke Vandamme, Janez Tomažič, Primož Karner, Tomaž D Vovko, Blaž Pečavar, Gabriele Volčanšek, Mario Poljak and Ana B Abecasis
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:65
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. No cases of transfusion-transmitted syphilis have been described for over four decades. While there is mandatory transfusion screening for syphilis, the absence of transmission is in part ascribed to a low pre...

    Authors: Mark Andrew Kane, Evan Martin Bloch, Roberta Bruhn, Zhanna Kaidarova and Edward Laurence Murphy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:63
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Long-term complications and a case mortality rate of 7.5% make meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae a serious clinical threat. In 2006, a general pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV) recommendation w...

    Authors: Matthias Imöhl, Jens Möller, Ralf René Reinert, Stephanie Perniciaro, Mark van der Linden and Orhan Aktas
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:61
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. The role of Mycoplasma hominis and M. genitalium in urogenital tract infections remains unknown. Furthermore these mollicutes present a complex relationship with the host immune response. The role of inflammatory...

    Authors: Guilherme Barreto Campos, Tássia Neves Lobão, Nathan Neves Selis, Aline Teixeira Amorim, Hellen Braga Martins, Maysa Santos Barbosa, Thiago Henrique Caldeira Oliveira, Djanilson Barbosa dos Santos, Tiana Baqueiro Figueiredo, Lucas Miranda Marques and Jorge Timenetsky
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:60
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The screening and treatment of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection reduces the risk of progression to active disease and is currently recommended for HIV-infected patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate,...

    Authors: Chloé Wyndham-Thomas, Violette Dirix, Kinda Schepers, Charlotte Martin, Marc Hildebrand, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Fanny Domont, Myriam Libin, Marc Loyens, Camille Locht, Jean-Paul Van Vooren and Françoise Mascart
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:59
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Microbiological characteristics of sepsis and antimicrobial resistance are well studied, although in State University of Campinas, no data has been published yet.

    Authors: Adriana Valderez Reis Vendemiato, Angela von Nowakonski, Fernando Augusto de Lima Marson and Carlos Emilio Levy
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:58
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Genetic variation in the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region has been studied among fungi. However, the numbers of ITS sequence polymorphisms in the various Candida species and their ass...

    Authors: Karina Bellinghausen Merseguel, Angela Satie Nishikaku, Anderson Messias Rodrigues, Ana Carolina Padovan, Renata Carmona e Ferreira, Analy Salles de Azevedo Melo, Marcelo Ribeiro da Silva Briones and Arnaldo Lopes Colombo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:57
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Treatment of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients with antibiotics before laboratory-confirmed diagnosis leads to loss of knowledge on the causative bacterial pathogen. Therefore, an increasing number o...

    Authors: Karin Elberse, Suzan van Mens, Amelieke J Cremers, Sabine CA Meijvis, Bart Vlaminckx, Marien I de Jonge, Jacques F Meis, Cornelis Blauwendraat, Ingrid van de Pol and Leo M Schouls
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:56
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. It is difficult to diagnose spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) early in decompensated liver cirrhotic ascites patients (DCPs). The aim of the study was to measure serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels and peri...

    Authors: Zhao-Hua Cai, Chun-Lei Fan, Jun-Fu Zheng, Xin Zhang, Wen-Min Zhao, Bing Li, Lei Li, Pei-Ling Dong and Hui-Guo Ding
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:55
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. The spatial spread of H5N1 avian influenza, significant ongoing mutations, and long-term persistence of the virus in some geographic regions has had an enormous impact on the poultry industry and presents a se...

    Authors: Huaiyu Tian, Yujun Cui, Lu Dong, Sen Zhou, Xiaowen Li, Shanqian Huang, Ruifu Yang and Bing Xu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:54
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Non-typhoidal Salmonella is a common cause of infectious diarrhea in humans. Antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella has become a global concern.

    Authors: Zhaoming Liang, Bixia Ke, Xiaoling Deng, Junhua Liang, Lu Ran, Lingling Lu, Dongmei He, Qiong Huang, Changwen Ke, Zhongjie Li, Hongjie Yu, John D Klena and Shuyu Wu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:53
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Morbidity and mortality from respiratory infections are higher in resource-limited countries than developed countries, but limited studies have been conducted in resource-limited settings to examine pathogens ...

    Authors: Paul Simusika, Allen C Bateman, Andros Theo, Geoffrey Kwenda, Christine Mfula, Edward Chentulo and Mwaka Monze
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:52
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Several in vitro studies suggested the microRNA-29 (miRNA-29) family is involved in regulating HIV-1 and modulating the expression of interleukin (IL)-32, an anti-HIV-1 cytokine.

    Authors: Katia Monteleone, Carla Selvaggi, Giulia Cacciotti, Francesca Falasca, Ivano Mezzaroma, Gabriella D’Ettorre, Ombretta Turriziani, Vincenzo Vullo, Guido Antonelli and Carolina Scagnolari
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:51
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for 5-15% and 20-30% of acute pharyngitis/tonsillitis in adults and children, respectively. It not only causes acute illness but also can give rise to local suppurative compl...

    Authors: Elżbieta Mazur, Ewa Czerwińska, Aneta Grochowalska and Maria Kozioł-Montewka
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:50
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  15. Plasmodium knowlesi was identified as the fifth major malaria parasite in humans. It presents severe clinical symptoms and leads to mortality as a result of hyperparasitemia in a short period of time. This study ...

    Authors: Yeng Chen, Choon K Chan, Jesinda P Kerishnan, Yee L Lau, Yin-Ling Wong and Subash CB Gopinath
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:49
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Blood stream tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is common among HIV-positive patients, turning rapidly fatal unless detected and treated promptly. Blood culture is currently the standar...

    Authors: Freddie Bwanga, Claudia Disqué, Michael G Lorenz, Vera Allerheiligen, William Worodria, Allan Luyombya, Irene Najjingo and Michael Weizenegger
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:48
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Penicillium marneffei disseminates hematogenously and can infect most organs, though infection leading to osteolysis is extremely rare. We describe the clinical and laboratory features, management, and outcomes o...

    Authors: Ye Qiu, Jianquan Zhang, Guangnan Liu, Xiaoning Zhong, Jingmin Deng, Zhiyi He and Bai Jing
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:47
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Between 2010–2013, South Africa implemented WHO ‘Option A’ for prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT), where all HIV-infected pregnant women (from 14 weeks gestation) received zidovudine (AZT) as A...

    Authors: Kathryn Schnippel, Constance Mongwenyana, Lawrence C Long and Bruce A Larson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:46
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Recent studies worldwide have reported increasing numbers of adults diagnosed with Bordetella pertussis despite receiving childhood vaccinations. This study describes a pertussis outbreak at a university medical ...

    Authors: Megumi Hara, Mami Fukuoka, Katsuya Tashiro, Iwata Ozaki, Satoko Ohfuji, Kenji Okada, Takashi Nakano, Wakaba Fukushima and Yoshio Hirota
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:45
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Influenza virus infections are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in both pediatric and adult populations worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of influenza is necessary for appropriate pati...

    Authors: Juan Carlos Hurtado, Maria Mar Mosquera, Elisa de Lazzari, Esteban Martínez, Nuria Torner, Ricard Isanta, Patricia de Molina, Tomás Pumarola, Maria Angeles Marcos and Jordi Vila Estape
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:44
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:383

  21. To eliminate visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in India and Nepal, challenges of VL diagnosis, treatment and reporting need to be identified. Recent data indicate that VL is underreported and patients face delays wh...

    Authors: Jan P Boettcher, Yubaraj Siwakoti, Ana Milojkovic, Niyamat A Siddiqui, Chitra K Gurung, Suman Rijal, Pradeep Das, Axel Kroeger and Megha R Banjara
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:43
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Annual influenza vaccination of healthcare workers (HCWs) is recommended in Australia, but uptake in healthcare facilities has historically been low (approximately 50%). The objective of this study was to deve...

    Authors: Kristina Heinrich-Morrison, Sue McLellan, Ursula McGinnes, Brendan Carroll, Kerrie Watson, Pauline Bass, Leon J Worth and Allen C Cheng
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:42
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within precursor microRNAs (miRNAs) can affect miRNAs expression, and may be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). This study aimed to investigate ...

    Authors: Xing Zhang, Yanyuan Li, Xiang Li, Wanjiang Zhang, Zhifen Pan, Fang Wu, Chong Wang, Zhongliang Chen, Tingting Jiang, Dandan Xu, Zepeng Ping, Jiyan Liu, Changming Liu, Zhongjie Li and Ji-Cheng Li
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:41
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Azithromycin has been widely used for Mycoplasma genitalium treatment internationally. However, the eradication efficacy has substantially declined recent decade. In Russia, josamycin (another macrolide) is the r...

    Authors: Alexander Guschin, Pavel Ryzhikh, Tatiana Rumyantseva, Mikhail Gomberg and Magnus Unemo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:40
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. In Ethiopia a tiebreaker algorithm using 3 rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in series is used to diagnose HIV. Discordant results between the first 2 RDTs are resolved by a third ‘tiebreaker’ RDT. Médecins Sans F...

    Authors: Leslie Shanks, M Ruby Siddiqui, Jarmila Kliescikova, Neil Pearce, Cono Ariti, Libsework Muluneh, Erwan Pirou, Koert Ritmeijer, Johnson Masiga and Almaz Abebe
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:39
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. After the onset of HAART, some HIV-infected individuals under treatment present a exacerbated inflammation in response to a latent or a previously treated opportunistic pathogen termed immune reconstitution in...

    Authors: Luana Gois, Roberto Badaró, Robert Schooley and Maria Fernanda Rios Grassi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:38
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  27. HIV-uninfected infants born to HIV-infected mothers (HIV-exposed uninfected, HEU) have been described to have immune alterations as compared to unexposed infants. This study sought to characterize T-cell popul...

    Authors: Nilsa de Deus, Cinta Moraleda, Celia Serna-Bolea, Montse Renom, Clara Menendez and Denise Naniche
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:37
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Brucellosis is a common zoonotic disease and remains a major burden in both human and domesticated animal populations worldwide. Few geographic studies of human Brucellosis have been conducted, especially in C...

    Authors: Peng Jia and Andrew Joyner
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:36
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. For a long time, the role of CD8+ T cells in blood-stage malaria was not considered important because erythrocytes do not express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins. While recent evidences su...

    Authors: Natália Satchiko Hojo-Souza, Dhelio Batista Pereira, Lívia Silva Araújo Passos, Pedro Henrique Gazzinelli-Guimarães, Mariana Santos Cardoso, Mauro Shugiro Tada, Graziela Maria Zanini, Daniella Castanheira Bartholomeu, Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara and Lilian Lacerda Bueno
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:35
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. After more than 10 years without a case of wild poliovirus (WPV) in China, an outbreak occurred in 2011 in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.

    Authors: Hai-Bo Wang, Wen-Zhou Yu, Xin-Qi Wang, Fuerhati Wushouer, Jian-Ping Wang, Dong-Yan Wang, Fu-Qiang Cui, Jing-Shan Zheng, Ning Wen, Yi-Xin Ji, Chun-Xiang Fan, Hui-Ling Wang, Gui-Jun Ning, Guo-Hong Huang, Dong-Mei Yan, Qi-Ru Su…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:34
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Tuberculosis (TB) is generally well controlled in Malaysia, but remains an important problem in the nation’s eastern states. In order to better understand factors contributing to high TB rates in the eastern s...

    Authors: Timothy William, Uma Parameswaran, Wai Khew Lee, Tsin Wen Yeo, Nicholas M Anstey and Anna P Ralph
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Chlamydia notifications continue to rise in young people in many countries and regular chlamydia testing is an important prevention strategy. Although there have been initiatives to increase testing in primary...

    Authors: Rebecca Lorch, Jane Hocking, Rebecca Guy, Alaina Vaisey, Anna Wood, Basil Donovan, Christopher Fairley, Jane Gunn, John Kaldor and Meredith Temple-Smith
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:31
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Hepatitis B infection is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. Health care workers are at increased risk of acquiring hepatitis B infection due to occupational exposure. There is effective and safe vaccin...

    Authors: Gedefaw Abeje and Muluken Azage
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:30
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Gonorrhoea and widely spread antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in its etiological agent Neisseria gonorrhoeae are major public health concerns worldwide. Gonococcal AMR surveillance nationally and internationally, t...

    Authors: Fiodar Lebedzeu, Daniel Golparian, Leonid Titov, Nataliya Pankratava, Slavyana Glazkova, Irina Shimanskaya, Natallia Charniakova, Aliaksandr Lukyanau, Marius Domeika and Magnus Unemo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:29
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Around 3.3 million children worldwide are infected with HIV and 90% of them live in sub-Saharan Africa. Our study aimed to estimate adherence levels and find the determinants, facilitators and barriers of ART ...

    Authors: Daniel Nyogea, Sally Mtenga, Lars Henning, Fabian C Franzeck, Tracy R Glass, Emilio Letang, Marcel Tanner and Eveline Geubbels
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:28
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. The editors of BMC Infectious Diseases would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 14 (2014).

    Authors: Philippa K Harris
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:27
    Content type: Reviewer acknowledgement Published on:

  38. Data on the association between influenza and tuberculosis are limited. We describe the characteristics of patients with laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis, laboratory-confirmed influenza and tuberculosis-influ...

    Authors: Sibongile Walaza, Stefano Tempia, Halima Dawood, Ebrahim Variava, Jocelyn Moyes, Adam L Cohen, Nicole Wolter, Michelle Groome, Claire von Mollendorf, Kathleen Kahn, Marthi Pretorius, Marietjie Venter, Shabir A Madhi and Cheryl Cohen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. The human major histocompatibility complex class I polypeptide-related sequence B (MICB) is a protein that modulates the NK and T cell activation through the NKG2D receptor and is related to several diseases i...

    Authors: Hoang Van Tong, Le Huu Song, Nghiem Xuan Hoan, Bui Khac Cuong, Bui Tien Sy, Ho Anh Son, Do Quyet, Vu Quoc Binh, Peter G Kremsner, Claus Thomas Bock, Thirumalaisamy P Velavan and Nguyen Linh Toan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:25
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Theory suggests that individual behavioral responses impact the spread of flu-like illnesses, but this has been difficult to empirically characterize. Social distancing is an important component of behavioral ...

    Authors: Michael Springborn, Gerardo Chowell, Matthew MacLachlan and Eli P Fenichel
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:21
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:474

  41. Tuberculosis (TB) rates among prisoners are more than 20 times that of the general population in Brazil, yet there are limited data available to facilitate the development of effective interventions in this hi...

    Authors: Andrea da Silva Santos Carbone, Dayse Sanchez Guimarães Paião, Renata Viebrantz Enne Sgarbi, Everton Ferreira Lemos, Renato Fernando Cazanti, Marcos Massaki Ota, Alexandre Laranjeira Junior, José Victor Bortolotto Bampi, Vanessa Perreira Fayad Elias, Simone Simionatto, Ana Rita Coimbra Motta-Castro, Maurício Antonio Pompílio, Sandra Maria do Valle de Oliveira, Albert I Ko, Jason R Andrews and Julio Croda
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. China is approaching measles elimination, but indigenous measles still circulates. County L in China has reported measles-containing vaccine (MCV) coverage rates >95% since 2000. Despite high reported coverage...

    Authors: Chao Ma, Fangjun Li, Xiang Zheng, Hong Zhang, Mengjuan Duan, Yanhua Yang, Lixin Hao, Qiru Su, Lance Rodewald, Bosong Guo, Shanliang Xiao, Huaqing Wang, Li Li, Junhua Li, Huiming Luo and Lidong Gao
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Evidence suggests that human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles influence the host immune response against Mycobacterium leprae. However, the association between HLA alleles and borderline (B) leprosy has not been s...

    Authors: Fabiana Covolo de Souza-Santana, Elaine Valim Camarinha Marcos, Maria Esther Salles Nogueira, Somei Ura and Jane Tomimori
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:22
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Many low and middle-income countries are experiencing colliding epidemics of chronic infectious (ID) and non-communicable diseases (NCD). As a result, the prevalence of multiple morbidities (MM) is rising.

    Authors: Tolu Oni, Elizabeth Youngblood, Andrew Boulle, Nuala McGrath, Robert J Wilkinson and Naomi S Levitt
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. The goal of chronic hepatitis C treatment is to remove the virus to avoid progression of HCV-related disease. Sustained virologic response (SVR) is the most widely used efficacy endpoint in clinical studies of...

    Authors: Jayne Smith-Palmer, Karin Cerri and William Valentine
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. This report describes emergency response following an imported vaccine derived poliovirus (VDPV) case from Myanmar to Yunnan Province, China and the cross-border collaboration between China and Myanmar. Immedi...

    Authors: Hai-Bo Wang, Li-Fen Zhang, Wen-Zhou Yu, Ning Wen, Dong-Mei Yan, Jing-Jing Tang, Yong Zhang, Chun-Xiang Fan, Kathleen H Reilly, Wen-Bo Xu, Li Li, Zheng-Rong Ding and Hui-Ming Luo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:18
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. The association between heart failure (HF) and herpes zoster has rarely been studied. We investigated the hypothesis that HF may increase the risk of herpes zoster in Taiwan using a nationwide Taiwanese popula...

    Authors: Ping-Hsun Wu, Yi-Ting Lin, Chun-Yi Lin, Ming-Yii Huang, Wei-Chiao Chang and Wei-Pin Chang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:17
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Pneumonia and diarrhea are leading causes of death for children under five (U5). It is challenging to estimate the total number of deaths and cause-specific mortality fractions. Two major efforts, one led by t...

    Authors: Stephanie D Kovacs, Kim Mullholland, Julia Bosch, Harry Campbell, Mohammad H Forouzanfar, Ibrahim Khalil, Stephen Lim, Li Liu, Stephen N Maley, Colin D Mathers, Alastair Matheson, Ali H Mokdad, Kate O’Brien, Umesh Parashar, Torin T Schaafsma, Duncan Steele…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:16
    Content type: Correspondence Published on:

  49. We evaluated predictors and outcomes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteremia among participants undergoing baseline mycobacterial blood culture in the ACTG A5221 STRIDE study, a randomized clinical trial compari...

    Authors: John A Crump, Xingye Wu, Michelle A Kendall, Prudence D Ive, Johnstone J Kumwenda, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Ute Jentsch and Susan Swindells
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Serratia marcescens represents an important pathogen involved in hospital acquired infections. Outbreaks are frequently reported and are difficult to eradicate. The aim of this study is to describe an outbreak of...

    Authors: Carlotta Montagnani, Priscilla Cocchi, Laura Lega, Silvia Campana, Klaus Peter Biermann, Cesare Braggion, Patrizia Pecile, Elena Chiappini, Maurizio de Martino and Luisa Galli
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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BMC Infectious Diseases

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