Table 1 Characteristics of study participants with persistenta and clearedb high-risk (hr) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection during the study period 2011–2014 (n = 71)
hrHPV persistence | hrHPV clearance | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of individuals, n(%) | 31 (43.7) | 40 (56.3) | – |
HIV duration (years), median (IQR) | 7.6 (3.5–17.3) | 11.5 (6.2–16.6) | 0.45 |
Age at inclusion (years), median (IQR), | 46.6 (34.0–51.3) | 39.6 (33.5–47.4) | 0.18 |
Race, n(%) | |||
White | 13 (41.9) | 20 (51.2) | 0.29 |
Asian | 4 (12.9) | 1 (2.6) | |
Black | 14 (45.2) | 17 (43.6) | |
Other | 0 (0) | 1 (2.6) | |
(missing) | (0) | (1) | |
Place of HIV transmission, n(%) | |||
Denmark | 11 (36.7) | 16 (42.1) | 0.05 |
Europe + US | 1 (3.3) | 6 (15.8) | |
Africa | 14 (46.7) | 16 (42.1) | |
Asia | 4 (13.3) | 0 (0) | |
(missing) | (1) | (2) | |
Mode of transmission, n(%) | |||
Heterosexual | 29 (96.7) | 31 (83.8) | 0.32 |
IDU | 1 (3.3) | 4 (10.8) | |
Other | 0 (0) | 2 (5.4) | |
(missing) | (1) | (3) | |
ARTc at inclusion, n(%) | |||
Yes | 30 (96.8) | 37 (92.5) | 0.63 |
No | 1 (3.2) | 3 (7.5) | |
(missing) | (0) | (0) | |
ARTc duration (years), median (IQR) | 5.4 (3.4–11.4) | 8.1 (2.6–12.1) | 0.66 |
On ARTc with HIV RNA < 40 copies/mL, n(%) | |||
Yes | 21 (80.8) | 24 (72.7) | 0.47 |
No | 5 (19.2) | 9 (27.3) | |
(missing) | (5) | (7) | |
CD4 count at inclusion (cells/μL), n(%) | |||
< 350 | 11 (40.7) | 5 (15.2) | 0.026 |
≥ 350 | 16 (59.3) | 28 (84.8) | |
(missing) | (4) | (7) | |
AIDS prior to inclusion, n(%) | |||
Yes | 10 (32.3) | 6 (15.4) | 0.10 |
No | 21 (67.7) | 33 (84.6) | |
(missing) | (0) | (1) | |
HPV vaccination prior to inclusion, n(%) | |||
No | 29 (96.7) | 40 (100.0) | 0.43 |
Yes (4-valent HPV vaccine) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Yes (2-valent HPV vaccine) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Yes (name of vaccine unknown) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0) | |
(missing) | (1) | (0) | |
Age at sexual debut, n(%) | |||
< 16 | 10 (32.3) | 14 (35.0) | 0.81 |
≥ 16 | 21 (67.7) | 26 (65.0) | |
(missing) | (0) | (0) | |
Lifetime sexual partners, n(%) | |||
< 5 | 7 (22.6) | 5 (12.5) | 0.59 |
5–14 | 14 (45.2) | 23 (57.5) | |
15–25 | 3 (9.7) | 5 (12.5) | |
> 25 | 7 (22.6) | 7 (17.5) | |
(missing) | (0) | (0) | |