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Table 1 Comparison of patient characteristics between patients receiving allo-HSCT and patients receiving chemotherapy or auto-HSCT

From: Predictive implications of albumin and C-reactive protein for progression to pneumonia and poor prognosis in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

  

Allo-HSCT (n = 47)

Chemotherapy or auto-HSCT (n = 18)

p-value

Age

median, (range)

49 (19–70)

59 (21–77)

0.02

Sex

Male (%)

30 (64)

8 (44)

 

Female (%)

17 (36)

10 (56)

 

Primary disease

AML

22 (46.8)

10 (55.6)

 

ALL

9 (19.1)

2 (11.1)

 

MDS

8 (17.0)

1 (5.6)

 

CML

3 (6.4)

0 (0.0)

 

AA

2 (4.3)

1 (5.6)

 

Aggressive NK leukemia

1 (2.1)

0 (0.0)

 

NHL

1 (2.1)

0 (0.0)

 

PMF

1 (2.1)

0 (0.0)

 

Myeloma

0 (0.0)

3 (16.7)

 

Creatinine (mg/dl)

median, (range)

0.70 (0.3–3.0)

0.60 (0.3–6.3)

 

CRP (mg/dl)

median, (range)

5.6 (0.3–40.8)

5.6 (0.2–34.0)

 

Albumin (g/dl)

median, (range)

3.2 (1.6–4.2)

2.9 (2.10–4.20)

 

Neutropenia (%)

 

31 (66.0)

13 (72.2)

 

 Profound neutropenia (%)

 

21 (44.7)

10 (55.6)

 

 Duration of neutropenia (days)

median, (range)

5.5 (0–30)

4.5 (1–42)

 

 Prolonged neutropenia (%)

 

14 (29.8)

6 (33.3)

 

Initial source of infection (%)

Sources unknown

26 (55.3)

13 (72.2)

 

Cellulitis

3 (6.4)

1 (5.6)

 

CLABSI

13 (27.7)

4 (22.2)

 

Pneumonia

5 (10.6)

0 (0.0)

 

Continuous bacteremia (%)

 

31 (66.0)

7 (38.9)

 

Polymicrobial bacteremia (%)

 

19 (40.4)

5 (27.8)

 

Severe sepsis or septic shock (%)

 

20 (42.6)

3 (16.7)

 

Primary disease risk (%)a

High

25 (53.2)

9 (50.0)

 

Central venous catheter (%)

 

45 (95.7)

11 (61.1)

<0.01

Mucositis (%)

 

20 (42.6)

1 (5.6)

<0.01

Diarrhea (%)

 

26 (55.3)

3 (16.7)

<0.01

Total parenteral nutrition (%)b

 

21 (44.7)

1 (5.6)

<0.01

Administration of insulin (%)b

 

13 (27.7)

0 (0.0)

0.01

Urine catheter (%)

 

12 (25.5)

1 (5.6)

 

Past history of broad-antibiotics (%)c

 

34 (72.3)

14 (77.8)

 

Past history of carbapenem (%)c

 

24 (51.1)

10 (55.6)

 

Decade

2005 to 2009 (%)

14 (29.8)

6 (33.3)

 

2010 to 2014 (%)

33 (70.2)

12 (66.7)

 

Time to appropriate therapy

median, (range)

3 (0–30)

  

Source of transplantation (%)

BM

34 (72.3)

  

PB

7 (14.9)

  

CB

6 (12.8)

  

Related or Unrelated donor (%)

Related donor

10 (21.3)

  

Unrelated donor

37 (78.7)

  

HLA-matched donor (%)

 

22 (46.8)

  

Conditioning intensity

Myeloablative

33 (70.2)

  

Reduced-intensity

14 (29.8)

  

Acute GVHD (%)d

 

15 (31.9)

  

 Grade (%)

I

4 (26.7)

  

II

10 (66.7)

  

III

1 (6.7)

  

 Manifestation of acute GVHDe

Skin

14 (93.3)

  

Gut

4 (26.7)

  

Onset of bacteremia

During conditioning

1 (2.1)

  

Before engraftment

31 (66.0)

  

After engraftment

15 (31.9)

  

Days from transplantation (days)

median, (range)

18 (−6–1434)

  
  1. Abbreviations: allo-HSCT allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, auto-HSCT autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, AML acute myeloid leukemia, ALL acute lymphoblastic leukemia, MDS myelodysplastic syndrome, CML chronic myeloid leukemia, CMML chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, NHL non-Hodgkin lymphoma, PMF primary myelofibrosis, AA aplastic anemia, CRP c-reactive protein, CLABSI central-line associated blood stream infection, GVHD graft-versus-host disease, BM bone marrow, PB peripheral blood, CB cord blood, HLA human leukocyte antigen
  2. The level of creatinine, CRP, albumin, and neutrophil count were applied from the point of onset of bacteremia
  3. aPrimary disease risk was classified into 2 categories; high-risk included acute leukemia not in remission, myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blast count or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis, the others were classified as standard-risk
  4. bTotal parenteral nutrition and insulin therapy were considered, if they were used within one week from the onset of bacteremia
  5. cBroad-antibiotics included cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and meropenem administered within past 30-days
  6. dAcute GVHD was diagnosed and graded in accordance with previous reported consensus [35]
  7. eThree patients had both skin and gut acute GVHD at the onset of bacteremia
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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