Demographics
| | | |
Male sex
|
15 (71.4)
|
17 (68)
|
1
|
Age >60 years
|
6 (28.6)
|
11 (44)
|
0.36
|
Co-existing conditions
|
AIDS
|
1 (5.3)
a
|
5 (21.7)
b
|
0.19
|
Solid tumor malignancy
|
2 (9.5)
|
4 (16)
|
0.67
|
Hematologic malignancy
|
3 (14.3)
|
1 (4)
|
0.32
|
Steroid usage
|
2 (9.5)
|
6 (24)
|
0.26
|
Liver cirrhosis
|
1 (4.8)
|
4 (16)
|
0.36
|
Chronic renal failure
|
1 (4.8)
|
2 (8)
|
1
|
Diabetic mellitus
|
7 (33.3)
|
5 (20)
|
0.34
|
COPD
|
3 (14.3)
|
1 (4)
|
0.32
|
Organ transplantation
|
1 (4.8)
|
0
|
0.46
|
No known predisposing factor
c
|
5 (23.8)
|
3 (12)
|
0.44
|
Previous anti-fungal therapy
d
|
2 (9.5)
|
5 (20)
|
0.43
|
Severity status
|
APACHE-II score
|
7.2 ±3.4
|
10 ± 2.2
|
0.39
|
APACHE-II score ≥ 15
|
4 (19.1)
|
6 (24)
|
0.74
|
Shock
|
1 (4.8)
|
0
|
0.46
|
IICP
|
19 (90.5)
|
22 (88)
|
1
|
ICU admission
|
12 (57.1)
|
10 (40)
|
0.38
|
Initial laboratory data
|
India ink smear positive
|
9 (42.9)
|
14 (56)
|
0.55
|
CSF opening pressure (mmH
2
0)
|
254 ± 116
|
246 ± 122
|
0.68
|
CSF WBC count (/μL)
|
30.4 ± 42.8
|
28.6 ± 32.4
|
0.26
|
CSF CAT ≥ 1:1024
|
11 (52.4)
|
16 (64)
|
0.55
|
Serum CAT ≥ 1:1024
|
8 (38.1)
|
10 (40)
|
1
|
Concurrent cryptococcemia
|
4 (19.1)
|
8 (32)
|
0.50
|
Serotype B Cryptococcus neoformans isolate
|
4 (19.1)
|
1 (4)
|
0.16
|
Isolate resistant to fluconazole (MIC >8 μg/ml)
|
1 (4.8)
|
11 (44)
|
<0.01*
|
Isolate resistant to amphotericin B (MIC >1 μg/ml)
|
2 (9.5)
|
6 (24)
|
0.26
|
Treatment modality in induction therapy
|
Amphotericin B plus flucytosine
|
0
|
1 (4)
|
1
|
Amphotericin B plus fluconazole
|
7 (33.3)
|
16 (64)
|
0.08
|
Amphotericin B alone
|
11 (52.4)
|
6 (24)
|
0.07
|
Fluconazole alone
|
3 (14.3)
|
2 (8)
|
0.65
|