Table 1 Long COVID distribution according to demography

Age ^a

Mean ± SD

37.1

±13.6

37.1

±13.7

37.4

±13.5

0.770

Age Category ^b

18–40 Years

1634

(65.2%)

1272

(65.4%)

362

(64.3%)

0.730

41–60 Years

719

(28.7%)

548

(28.2%)

171

(30.4%)

> 60 Years

154

(6.1%)

124

(6.4%)

30

(5.3%)

Gender ^b

Male

1530

(61%)

1183

(60.9%)

347

(61.6%)

0.760

Female

977

(39%)

761

(39.1%)

216

(38.4%)

Marital Status^b

Married

1859

(74.2%)

1418

(73%)

441

(78.3%)

0.009^**

Unmarried

623

(24.9%)

503

(25.8%)

120

(21.3%)

Widow

22

(0.9%)

20

(1%)

2

(0.4%)

Divorce

3

(0.1%)

3

(0.2%)

0

(0%)

Occupation ^b

Day labor

165

(6.6%)

119

(6.1%)

46

(8.2%)

0.060

Service holder

894

(35.7%)

689

(35.4%)

205

(36.4%)

Health Professionals

146

(5.8%)

125

(6.4%)

21

(3.7%)

Law enforcement

128

(5.1%)

86

(4.4%)

42

(7.5%)

Housewife

403

(16.1%)

305

(15.7%)

98

(17.4%)

Student

463

(18.5%)

374

(19.2%)

89

(15.8%)

Unemployed

92

(3.7%)

72

(3.7%)

20

(3.6%)

Businessman

216

(8.6%)

174

(8.9%)

42

(7.5%)

Educational Status ^b

No formal education

52

(2.1%)

38

(1.95%)

14

(2.5%)

0.010**

Primary education

236

(9.4%)

174

(8.95%)

62

(11%)

Secondary education

409

(16.3%)

309

(15.9%)

100

(17.8%)

Higher secondary education

642

(25.6%)

495

(25.5%)

147

(26%)

Bachelor or above

1168

(46.6%)

928

(47.7%)

240

(42.6%)

Blood Group ^b

A+

628

(25%)

496

(25.5%)

132

(23.5%)

0.970

A-

36

(1.4%)

31

(1.6%)

5

(0.9%)

B+

837

(33.4%)

635

(32.6%)

202

(35.9%)

B-

62

(2.5%)

42

(2.2%)

20

(3.6%)

AB+

315

(12.6%)

243

(12.5%)

74

(13.2%)

AB-

23

(0.9%)

19

(1%)

4

(0.7%)

O+

566

(22.6%)

448

(23%)

118

(21%)

O-

39

(1.6%)

32

(1.6%)

7

(1.2%)

Family ^b

Nuclear Family

1180

(47.1%)

931

(47.9%)

249

(44.3%)

0.130

Extended Family

1327

(52.9%)

1013

(52.1%)

314

(55.7%)

Living Area ^b

Rural

228

(9.1%)

168

(8.6%)

60

(10.7%)

0.080

Semi-urban

848

(33.8%)

651

(33.5%)

197

(35.1%)

Urban

1431

(57.1%)

1125

(57.9%)

306

(54.3%)

Monthly Family Income ^b

Below the poverty line^§ < 10,200 (<  85 USD)

1

(0.03%)

0

(0%)

1

(0.2%)

0.001^***

< 35,000 BDT (< 320 USD)

1355

(54.0%)

1005

(51.7%)

350

(62.1%)

> 35,000 BDT (> 320 USD)

1151

(45.9%)

939

(48.3%)

212

(37.7%)

Long COVID Duration ^a

Mean ± SD

195.43

±63.5

195.43

±63.5

Long COVID severity ^b

Mild

220

(39.1%)

220

(39.1%)

Moderate

198

(35.2%)

198

(35.2%)

Severe

145

(25.8%)

145

(25.7%)

Vaccination ^b

Non-Vaccinated

109

(4.3%)

87

(4.5%)

22

(3.9%)

0.001^***

1st dose

259

(10.3%)

196

(10.1%)

63

(11.2%)

2nd dose

1590

(63.4%)

1256

(64.6%)

334

(59.3%)

Booster dose

549

(21.9%)

405

(20.8%)

144

(25.6%)

Co-Morbidity ^b

Heart Disease

142

(8.5%)

106

(8.4%)

36

(8.9%)

0.025^*

Hypertension

480

(28.9%)

348

(27.7%)

132

(32.5%)

Lung Disease

40

(2.4%)

35

(2.8%)

5

(1.2%)

Diabetes

386

(23.2%)

288

(22.9%)

98

(24.3%)

Ulcer

71

(4.3%)

64

(5.1%)

7

(1.7%)

Kidney

34

(2%)

27

(2.1%)

7

(1.7%)

Liver

13

(0.8%)

11

(0.9%)

2

(0.5%)

Anaemia

17

(1%)

12

(1%)

5

(1.2%)

Cancer

3

(0.2%)

3

(0.2%)

0

(0%)

Depression

37

(2.2%)

25

(2%)

12

(3.0%)

Osteoarthritis

115

(6.9%)

100

(7.9%)

15

(3.7%)

Back Pain

299

(18%)

216

(17.2%)

83

(20.4%)

Rheumatoid Arthritis

26

(1.6%)

23

(1.8%)

3

(0.7%)

Smoking ^b

Yes

456

(18.2%)

352

(18.1%)

104

(18.5%)

0.820

No

2051

(81.8%)

1592

(81.9%)

459

(81.5%)

Modified Brief pain inventory (MBPI) ^a

Severity

8.22

±4.009

8.22

±4.009

Interference

9.03

±7.661

9.03

±7.661

Total score

17.23

±10.515

17.23

±10.515

WHOQOL-BREF ^a

Physical health

16.82

±6.755

72.06

±12.179

16.82

±6.755

0.001^***

Psychological health

17.43

±6.131

65.95

±10.036

17.43

±6.131

0.001^***

Social relationship

18.55

±6.848

78.27

±12.966

18.55

±6.848

0.001^***

Environmental Health

17.24

±7.317

73.42

±13.630

17.24

±7.317

0.001^***

Self-rating overall perception of QoL(Q1)

3.75

±0.793

3.75

±0.809

3.76

±0.737

0.824

Self-satisfaction with their Health(Q2)

3.64

±0.890

3.65

±0.906

3.63

±0.832

0.769