Table 2 Patient demographic data and clinical characteristics

Gender: female/male

31/101 (24.3/76.5%)

32/100 (24.2/75.8%)

68/204 (25%/75%)

p value = 0.770

Age, median (Min–Max)

39 (18–65)

42 (18–69)

41 (18–69)

p value > 0.05

Age range: 40≥

36 (27.3%)

52 (39.4%)

88 (33.3%)

p value = 0.037

Educational status

Illiterate primary and secondary school

Above secondary school

97/132 (73.5%)

35/132 (26.5%)

95/132 (72.7%)

72/132 (27.3%)

192/132 (72%)

107/132 (27%)

p value = 0.782

Occupation

Unemployed, including housewife

Employed or specified job

81/132 (61.4%)

51/132 (38.6%)

65/132 (49.2%)

67/132 (50.8%)

146/132 (55.3%)

118/132 (44.7%)

p value = 0.048

Rout of HIV Transmission

IDU

Sexual

Mother-to-child transmission

Others

68/132 (51.5%)

49/132 (37.5%)

15/132 (11.4%)

0/132 (0%)

111/132 (84.1%)

17/132 (125%)

3/132 (2.3.5%)

1/132 (0.8%)

183/264

(% 67.3)

(%25) 68/264

19/264 (%7)

(% 0.7) 2/264

p value > 0.001

AST (IU/L), median (Min–Max)

27 (4-200)

30 (9-325)

28 (4-200)

NA

ALT (IU/L), median (Min–Max)

24 (5-172)

29 (11–169)

28 (5-325)

NA

Liver Hepatotoxicity

No

Yes

87.1%

12.6%

77.3%

22.7%

82.2

17.8

p value = 0.036

HCV Ab positive

71 (53.8%)

77 (58.3%)

148 (56.1)

p value = 0.457

HCV Ab and HBs Ag positive

(53.8%) 71

(70.5%) 93

164 (62.1%)

p value = 0.393

HIV viral load (log10copies/mL), median (Min–Max)

117,808 (1000-9.809e6)

NA

NA

NA

CD4 cell count (cells/mm2), median (Min–Max)

252 (8-1554)

545 (133–1726)

407 (8-1726)

p value = 0.282

CD4 cell count (cells/mm2)

> CD4 200

CD4 ≤ 200

(%55.1) 75

(%44.9) 61

(%96.3) 131

(%3.7) 5

(%75.7) 206

(%24.3) 66

p value > 0.001

Baseline CD4 cell count (cells/mm2), median (Min–Max)

216 (14-1489)

258 (12-1477)

230 (12-1489)

p value = 0.233

Years of HIV diagnosis, median (Min–Max)

10 (1–18)

8.5 (1–25)

9 (1–25)

p value = 0.374

Reverse Transcriptase inhibitor

105 (79.5%)

17 (12.9%)

122 (46.2%)

p value > 0.001

Treatment on ART (year), median (Min–Max)

6 (1–16)

6 (1–15)

6 (1–16)

p value > 0.05

Treatment on ART (year.) category

˂ 3 years

≤ 3 years = 5 years

≤ 5 years

7 (%5.3)

50 (%37.9)

75 (%56.8)

(%14.4) 19

(%28.8) 38

(% 56.8) 75

(%9.8) 26

(% 33.3) 88

(% 56.8) 150

p value = 0.028

Adherence category

Good

Reduced

38/132 (28.8%)

94/132 (71.2%)

58/132 (43.9%)

74/132 (56.1%)

96/264 (36.4%)

168/264 (63.6%)

p value > 0.001

WHO clinical stage category

Stages 1 & 2

Stages 3 & 4

95 (72%)

37 (28%)

132 (100%)

0 (0%)

227 (86%)

37 (14%)

p value > 0.001

Symptom y/n (%)

(gastrointestinal symptoms, respiratory symptoms, neurologic symptoms, and skin symptoms)

73/259 (55.3/44.7%)

11 (8.3%)

84/180 (31.8%/68.2)

p value > 0.001

Type of Treatment Failure

Virological F.

Immunological F.

Clinical F.

132 (100%)

42/132 (54%)

37/132 (28%)

NA

NA

NA

Immunological failure

In Female

In Men

60/132 (45.5%)

72/132 (54.5%)

NA

NA

p value > 0.001

Clinical Failure

In Female

In Men

37/132 (22.6%)

127/132 (77.4%)

p value > 0.001