Table 1 Baseline characteristics and prognosis of patients in the discovery and validation cohorts
Discovery cohort (n = 360) | Validation cohort (n = 310) | |
|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | ||
Age, years | 64.00 [51.00, 74.00] | 62.00 [47.00, 73.00] |
Gender, female | 134 (37.2) | 151 (48.7) |
BMI | 22.66 [20.03, 25.39] | 24.10 [21.22, 26.71] |
From which department transfer to ICU | ||
Direct transfer from ED | 177 (49.2) | 92 (30.0) |
Emergency room | 23 (6.4) | 4 (1.3) |
Surgical department | 132 (36.7) | 166 (54.1) |
Internal-medicine department | 28 (7.8) | 45 (14.7) |
SOFA | 8.00 [5.00, 11.00] | 7.00 [5.00, 10.00] |
Pitt bacteremia Score | 3.00 [1.00, 6.00] | NA |
Pre-existing conditions | ||
Cardiovascular disease | 39 (10.8) | 45 (14.5) |
Cerebrovascular disease | 34 (9.4) | 38 (12.3) |
Diabetes | 82 (22.8) | 64 (20.6) |
Tumor | 63 (17.5) | 51 (16.5) |
Chronic kidney diseases | 15 (4.2) | 15 (4.9) |
Autoimmune disease | 17 (4.7) | 38 (12.3) |
Before bloodstream infection | ||
hospital stays, days | 4.00 [0.00, 13.25] | 8.00 [2.00, 17.00] |
ICU stays, days | 1.00 [0.00, 8.00] | 3.50 [1.00, 11.00] |
Surgical operation | 154 (42.8) | 175 (56.5) |
Mechanical ventilation | 133 (36.9) | 234 (75.5) |
Deep vein catheterization | 171 (47.5) | 160 (51.6) |
Antibiotic use | 223 (61.9) | 295 (95.2) |
vasopressors use | 110 (30.6) | 130 (42.1) |
ICU complication | ||
MODS | 128 (35.6) | 106 (34.2) |
ARDS | 164 (45.6) | 88 (28.4) |
Septic shock | 141 (39.2) | 158 (51.0) |
AKI | 112 (31.1) | 150 (48.4) |
DIC | 39 (10.8) | 42 (13.5) |
Outcomes | ||
hospital stays, days | 22.00 [12.00, 36.00] | 27.00 [16.00, 49.00] |
ICU stays, days | 13.00 [7.75, 26.25] | 15.00 [7.00, 29.00] |
ICU mortality | 98 (27.2) | 79 (25.5) |