Diagnosis of multiple tuberculous muscle abscesses in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus by metagenomic next-generation sequencing- a case report and literature review

Table 1 Overview of previous cases of extremity tuberculous muscle abscess reported in the literature

Case	Gender	Age (year)	Infection sites	Duration	Underlying diseases	Complicated with PTB	Treatment options	Treatment outcome	References
1	Female	45	Left thigh	3 moinths	NA	No	HRZE + puncture	Improved	[6]
2	Male	83	Left lower leg	NA	Addison’s disease & Paget’s disease	No	HRZ	Cured	[7]
3	Male	45	Right palm	2 weeks	Kidney transplantation	Yes	HRZ	Cured	[8]
4	Male	0.9	Left thigh	8 months	NA	No	HRZE/HR	Cured	[9]
5	Female	41	Left forearm	6 months	NA	No	HRZE	Cured	[10]
6	NA	0.5	Thigh	NA	NA	No	Antituberculosis drugs	Cured	[11]
7	Male	62	Right thigh	12 months	Total hip arthroplasty	No	Antituberculosis drugs	Cured	[12]
8	Male	52	Left thigh	6 months	Dermatomyositis	No	HRZE	Cured	[13]
9	Male	48	Left thigh	2 months	NA	No	HRZ + puncture	Cured	[14]
10	Male	46	Right upper arm	10 days	Dermatomyositis	No	Isoniazid + rifampin + ethambutol + moxifloxacin	NA	[15]
11	Male	71	Right thigh	2 months	Lymphatic tuberculosis	No	HRZE + drainage	Cured	[15]
12	Female	46	Right thigh	1 month	SLE and APS	No	HRZE + drainage	Cured	[15]
13	Male	11	Right upper arm	2 months	NA	No	HRZE + drainage	Cured	[16]
14	Male	2	Right lower leg	1.5 months	Upper respiratory tract infection	No	HRZE/HRE	Cured	[17]
15
16	Female	21	Right thigh	1 month	NA	No	HRZE/HR	Cured	[18]
17	Male	47	Left upper arm and left thigh	1 month	Dermatomyositis	No	HRZE + drainage + streptomycin injection	Cured	[19]
18	Male	25	Back	3 months	NA		HRZE	Cured	[20]
19	Female	47	Right upper arm	NA	NA	No	HRZE	Cured	[21]

HRZE, fixed-dose combination with isoniazid(H)-rifampicin(R)-ethambutol(E)-pyrazinamide(Z);SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; APS, antiphospholipid syndrome; PTB, pulmonary tuberculosis; NA, not applicable

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