Evaluation of characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation during dominance of nonvariant, alpha, delta, and omicron variants in tertiary hospitals of Japan

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors for hospital death

	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	P value	Odds ratio	95% Confidence interval	P value	Odds ratio	95% Confidence interval
Age	< 0.001	1.087	1.057–1.118	< 0.001	1.097	1.057–1.138
Gender, male	0.731	0.904	0.507–1.611
Fully vaccinated	0.411	0.703	0.304–1.627
BMI	0.010	0.923	0.868–0.981
Smoking history	0.138	1.593	0.861–2.947	0.021	2.548	1.153–5.628
Charlson Comorbidity Index	< 0.001	1.230	1.097–1.379
Immunodeficiency	< 0.001	4.427	2.295–8.541	0.008	3.388	1.377–8.333
Dialysis prior to COVID-19 infection	0.016	2.930	1.225–7.006	0.026	3.695	1.117–11.663
Variants (nonvariant vs omicron)	0.880	0.720	0.363–1.429
Variants (alpha vs omicron)	0.002	0.326	0.158–0.670
Variants (delta vs omicron)	0.009	0.178	0.049–0.648
PF ratio after intubation	0.102	0.998	0.995–1.000
Initial SOFA	< 0.001	1.209	1.103–1.324	0.004	1.190	1.056–1.341
Initial CRP	0.083	0.970	0.937–1.004
Initial procalcitonin	0.219	1.023	0.987–1.061
Initial LDH	0.362	0.999	0.998–1.001

BMI body mass index, PF ratio PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, CRP C-reactive protein, LDH lactate dehydrogenase
Multivariable logistic regression model for hospital death (age, BMI, smoking history, vaccination, variants, dialysis before COVID-19, immunodeficiency, Charlson Comorbidity Index, initial SOFA, PF ratio after intubation, initial CRP, initial procalcitonin, initial LDH)

ISSN: 1471-2334