Post-recovery health domain scores among outpatients by SARS-CoV-2 testing status during the pre-Delta period

King, Jennifer P.; Chung, Jessie R.; Donahue, James G.; Martin, Emily T.; Leis, Aleda M.; Monto, Arnold S.; Gaglani, Manjusha; Dunnigan, Kayan; Raiyani, Chandni; Saydah, Sharon; Flannery, Brendan; Belongia, Edward A.

doi:10.1186/s12879-024-09108-3

BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 2 Demographic and other characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 test-positive and test-negative participants who completed second follow-up survey

From: Post-recovery health domain scores among outpatients by SARS-CoV-2 testing status during the pre-Delta period

	Total		Positive SARS-CoV-2 result		Negative SARS-CoV-2 result		P-value¹
	N^a	%^a	N^a	%^a	N^a	%^a
N	578	100	312	100	266	100
Study site							< 0.01
Michigan	277	48	107	34	170	64
Texas	111	19	66	21	45	17
Wisconsin	190	33	139	45	51	19
Female sex^b	398	69	204	65	194	73	0.04
Age (years)							0.19
Mean (SD)	47.2	14.7	48.5	14.6	45.7	14.7
18–49	303	52	153	49	150	56
50–64	203	35	119	38	84	32
≥ 65	72	12	40	13	32	12
Race/ethnicity^c							0.78
White, non-Hispanic	505	87	274	88	231	87
Black, non-Hispanic	10	2	5	2	5	2
Other, non-Hispanic	28	5	13	4	15	6
Hispanic, any race	32	6	19	6	13	5
Body Mass Index^d							0.24
Median (IQR)	29.7	25.6–35.1	30.3	25.9–35.4	29.4	24.8–34.7
Underweight (< 18.5)	2	< 1	1	0.3	1	< 1
Normal (18.5–24)	115	20	52	17	63	24
Overweight (25–29)	165	29	91	29	74	28
Obese (30–39)	201	35	118	38	83	31
Morbidly Obese (≥40)	73	13	39	13	34	13
Self-reported underlying health condition^e	204	35	107	34	97	36	0.55
Documented underlying health condition
≥ 1 condition	340	59	187	60	153	58	0.58
≥ 3 conditions	123	21	62	20	61	23	0.50
Metabolic disease	156	27	82	26	74	28
Hypertension	131	23	73	23	58	22
Chronic pulmonary disease	78	13	40	13	38	14
Neurological/musculoskeletal	64	11	27	9	37	14
Endocrine disorder	63	11	38	12	25	9
Chronic cardiac disease	61	11	32	10	29	11
Diabetes mellitus	61	11	38	12	23	9
Malignancy	51	9	25	8	26	10
Chronic renal disease	31	5	18	6	13	5
Immunosuppressive disorder	30	5	15	5	15	6
Other condition^f	24	4	13	4	11	4
Liver disease	23	4	12	4	11	4
Self-rated general health status							< 0.01
Excellent	139	24	73	23	66	25
Very Good or Good	413	71	233	75	180	68
Fair or Poor	26	5	6	2	20	8
Received 2020–21 influenza vaccine^g	375	65	190	61	185	70	0.02
Cigarette smoking							0.04
Every day or some days	39	7	15	5	24	9
Not at all	539	93	297	95	242	91
Education							< 0.01
Less than high school/high school graduate/GED	77	13	52	17	25	10
Some college^h	177	31	106	34	71	27
Bachelor’s degree	191	33	94	30	97	36
Advanced degree	133	23	60	19	73	27
Month of illness onset							< 0.01
September 2020	38	7	4	1	34	13
October 2020	110	19	42	13	68	26
November 2020	298	52	198	63	100	38
December 2020	52	9	28	9	24	9
January 2021	77	13	39	13	38	14
February 2021	3	1	1	0.9	2	1
Interval between onset and 2nd follow up, median days (IQR)	89	72–111	89	74–119	104	71–125	< 0.01

GED general education degree, IQR interquartile range, SD standard deviation
¹ P-value for the comparison between SARS-CoV-2 test-positive and test negative participants
^aCell numbers are number or column percent unless otherwise specified
^bMissing for 1 SARS-CoV-2 test-negative participant
^cSelf-reported at enrollment. Other race includes participants who selected Asian, Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaska Native, or Other and participants who selected more than one race. Missing for 2 SARS-CoV-2 test-negative and 1 SARS-CoV-2 test-positive participants
^dMissing for 11 SARS-CoV-2 test-negative and 11 SARS-CoV-2 test-positive participants
^eSelf-reported at enrollment to have any of the following: heart disease, lung disease, diabetes, cancer, liver or kidney disease, immune suppression, or high blood pressure. Missing for 4 SARS-CoV-2 test-negative and 2 SARS-CoV-2 test-positive participants
^fIncludes hemoglobinopathies, cerebrovascular disease, and disease of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries
^gSeasonal influenza vaccination receipt as self-reported at enrollment. Missing for 2 SARS-CoV-2 test-negative and 1 SARS-CoV-2 test-positive participants
^hIncludes vocational training or associate degree

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