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Table 1 The demographic and clinical characteristics of AD patients before and after PSM

From: Prognostic impacts of repeated sepsis in intensive care unit on autoimmune disease patients: a retrospective cohort study

Variables a

Before PSM

 

After PSM

Single (n = 1275)

Repeated (n = 315)

P value

Single (n = 278)

Repeated (n = 278)

P value

Age at admission

      

 < 65 years old

499 (39.1%)

137 (43.5%)

0.177

104 (37.4%)

119 (42.8%)

0.226

 ≥ 65 years old

776 (60.9%)

178 (56.5%)

 

174 (62.6%)

159 (57.2%)

 

Gender

      

 Male

578 (45.3%)

128 (40.6%)

0.150

109 (39.2%)

114 (41.0%)

0.729

 Female

697 (54.7%)

187 (59.4%)

 

169 (60.8%)

164 (59.0%)

 

Race

 

White

927 (72.7%)

219 (69.5%)

0.003

194 (69.8%)

196 (70.5%)

0.505

Black

105 (8.2%)

46 (14.6%)

 

40 (14.4%)

34 (12.2%)

 

Hispanic

31 (2.4%)

9 (2.9%)

 

3 (1.1%)

9 (3.2%)

 

Asian

23 (1.8%)

9 (2.9%)

 

6 (2.2%)

8 (2.9%)

 

Other

59 (4.6%)

14 (4.4%)

 

17 (6.1%)

13 (4.7)

 

Unknown

130 (10.2%)

18 (5.7%)

 

18 (6.5%)

18 (6.5%)

 

Overlapping syndrome

66 (5.2%)

24 (7.6%)

0.123

15 (5.4%)

20 (7.2%)

0.485

Length of ICU stay, days

3 (1–6)

3 (2–7)

0.032

3 (1–7)

3 (1–6)

0.674

Comorbidities

Acute kidney injury

516 (40.5%)

163 (51.7%)

< 0.001

139 (50.0%)

135 (48.6%)

0.799

Chronic kidney disease

285 (22.4%)

119 (37.8%)

< 0.001

96 (34.5%)

91 (32.7%)

0.720

Atrial fibrillation

393 (30.8%)

103 (32.7%)

0.565

93 (33.5%)

85 (30.6%)

0.525

Essential hypertension

546 (42.8%)

92 (29.2%)

< 0.001

95 (34.2%)

88 (31.7%)

0.588

Heart failure

347 (27.2%)

139 (44.1%)

< 0.001

113 (40.6%)

112 (40.3%)

1.000

Myocardial infarction

206 (16.2%)

57 (18.1%)

0.457

57 (20.5%)

49 (17.6%)

0.450

Respiratory failure b

438 (34.4%)

142 (45.1%)

0.001

119 (42.8%)

114 (41.0%)

0.731

COPD

92 (7.2%)

29 (9.2%)

0.283

19 (6.8%)

24 (8.6%)

0.525

Diabetes mellitus

334 (26.2%)

122 (38.7%)

< 0.001

101 (36.3%)

96 (34.5%)

0.723

HIV infection

11 (0.9%)

3 (1.0%)

1.000

5 (1.8%)

3 (1.1%)

0.722

Malignancy

132 (10.4%)

25 (7.9%)

0.237

17 (6.1%)

23 (8.3%)

0.412

Quantified assessment tools

Max SOFA

6 (4–9)

6 (4–10)

0.009

6 (4–10)

6 (4–10)

0.679

CCI

6 (4–8)

7 (5–9)

< 0.001

7 (5–9)

7 (5–8)

0.553

SAPS-II

38 (29–48)

39 (31–48)

0.046

38 (29–49)

39 (30–47)

0.886

Laboratory results

Max WBC count, K/𝜇L

16.00 (11.70–22.20)

16.00 (10.70–23.00)

0.907

16.05 (11.62–20.60)

15.75 (10.43–22.90)

0.969

Min Hb, g/dL

8.20 (7.10–9.55)

7.20 (6.60–8.65)

< 0.001

7.70 (6.73–8.88)

7.35 (6.70–8.80)

0.571

Min PLT, K/𝜇L

129.00 (80.50–192.00)

119.00 (59.50-179.50)

0.011

118.50 (69.25-196.75)

121.50 (60.00-186.75)

0.556

Drug therapies

Glucocorticoids

95 (7.5%)

32 (10.2%)

0.141

23 (8.3%)

23 (8.3%)

1.000

Immunosuppressants/biologics

94 (7.4%)

47 (14.9%)

< 0.001

32 (11.5%)

37 (13.3%)

0.607

IVIG

29 (2.3%)

14 (4.4%)

0.053

6 (2.2%)

11 (4.0%)

0.324

  1. a Data was displayed as mean (SD), n (%), or median (IQR) unless otherwise stated
  2. b Respiratory failure consisted of acute respiratory failure, chronic respiratory failure and respiratory failure (unspecified), among which acute ones occupied 90.3% (≈ 533/580) before PSM, and the remaining two accounted for a minority of cases, totaling 9.7%
  3. Abbreviations: AD: autoimmune disease; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Hb: hemoglobin; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; ICU: intensive care unit; IVIG: intravenous immunoglobulin; PLT: platelet; PSM: propensity score matching; SAPS-II: Simplified Acute Physiology Score-II; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; WBC: white blood cell
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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