Fig. 2

Biomarker Levels are Low in Definitive non-UTIs Regardless of Microbial Detection. Tukey boxplots extending to the 1st and 3rd quartiles with a line at the median indicate the distribution of biomarker (NGAL, IL-8, and IL-1β) levels among each group presented on the x-axis. Biomarker measurements are plotted along the y-axis with each point representing the measurement for a single urine specimen. Groups presented on the x-axis for comparison include “Definitive UTIs” cases (specimens from symptomatic subjects in which microorganisms are detected by both M-PCR and SUC at ≥ 10,000 cells/mL or CFUs/mL respectively), and “Definitive non-UTI” cases (asymptomatic cohort specimens). The “Definitive non-UTI” cases are further divided by microbial detection category: no microbes, microbes detected by SUC or M-PCR, and microbes detected by both SUC and M-PCR (Dual +)