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Table 1 Characteristics of the analyzed test results according to test results and vaccination status

From: Bivalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 among older adults in Japan: a test-negative study from the VENUS study

 

Analyzed test results

 Vaccination status

Negative

(n = 16,090)

Positive

(n = 3,908)

Unvaccinated

(n = 1,107)

2 monovalent doses

(n = 797)

3 monovalent doses

(n = 2,608)

4 monovalent doses

(n = 11,784)

 ≥ 2 monovalent doses plus a bivalent dose

(n = 3,702)

n (row %)

n (row %)

n (row %)

n (row %)

n (row %)

n (row %)

n (row %)

Test results

 Negative

16,090 (100.0)

854 (5.3)

635 (3.9)

2,183 (13.6)

9,565 (59.4)

2,853 (17.7)

 Positive

3,908 (100.0)

253 (6.5)

162 (4.1)

425 (10.9)

2,219 (56.8)

849 (21.7)

Sex

 Male

6,965 (81.6)

1,567 (18.4)

438 (5.1)

330 (3.9)

1,126 (13.2)

4,953 (58.1)

1,685 (19.7)

 Female

9,125 (79.6)

2,341 (20.4)

669 (5.8)

467 (4.1)

1,482 (12.9)

6,831 (59.6)

2,017 (17.6)

Age group, years

 65–69

902 (68.2)

421 (31.8)

85 (6.4)

74 (5.6)

212 (16.0)

750 (56.7)

202 (15.3)

 70–74

2,226 (75.6)

719 (24.4)

175 (5.9)

115 (3.9)

387 (13.1)

1,759 (59.7)

509 (17.3)

 75–79

3,340 (78.4)

921 (21.6)

194 (4.6)

163 (3.8)

514 (12.1)

2,493 (58.5)

897 (21.1)

 80–84

3,764 (81.2)

869 (18.8)

248 (5.4)

169 (3.6)

598 (12.9)

2,681 (57.9)

937 (20.2)

 ≥ 85

5,858 (85.7)

978 (14.3)

405 (5.9)

276 (4.0)

897 (13.1)

4,101 (60.0)

1,157 (16.9)

Number of comorbidities

 0–1

4,036 (73.1)

1,486 (26.9)

319 (5.8)

208 (3.8)

584 (10.6)

3,341 (60.5)

1,070 (19.4)

 2–4

8,283 (81.7)

1,860 (18.3)

563 (5.6)

364 (3.6)

1,244 (12.3)

6,081 (60.0)

1,891 (18.6)

 ≥ 5

3,771 (87.0)

562 (13.0)

225 (5.2)

225 (5.2)

780 (18.0)

2,362 (54.5)

741 (17.1)

Infection history

 With

1,424 (96.9)

46 (3.1)

977 (5.3)

713 (3.8)

2,201 (11.9)

11,202 (60.5)

3,435 (18.5)

 Without

14,666 (79.2)

3,862 (20.8)

130 (8.8)

84 (5.7)

407 (27.7)

582 (39.6)

267 (18.2)

Residential municipality

 City A

3,792 (79.4)

983 (20.6)

331 (6.9)

222 (4.6)

703 (14.7)

2,662 (55.7)

857 (17.9)

 City B

4,684 (87.4)

678 (12.6)

280 (5.2)

211 (3.9)

655 (12.2)

3,230 (60.2)

986 (18.4)

 City C

7,614 (77.2)

2,247 (22.8)

496 (5.0)

364 (3.7)

1,250 (12.7)

5,892 (59.8)

1,859 (18.9)

Interval since last vaccine dose, mean days (SD)

454.0 (96.7)

235.3 (55.7)

97.0 (28.9)

25.5 (15.6)

Test type

 PCR

8,721 (86.2)

1,391 (13.8)

575 (5.7)

399 (3.9)

1,418 (14.0)

6,136 (60.7)

1,584 (15.7)

 Antigen

7,369 (74.5)

2,517 (25.5)

532 (5.4)

398 (4.0)

1,190 (12.0)

5,648 (57.1)

2,118 (21.4)

Test week

 1 Oct–7 Oct

1,240 (92.5)

101 (7.5)

79 (5.9)

62 (4.6)

248 (18.5)

951 (70.9)

1 (0.1)

 8 Oct–14 Oct

1,019 (92.0)

89 (8.0)

51 (4.6)

48 (4.3)

178 (16.1)

819 (73.9)

12 (1.1)

 15 Oct–21 Oct

1,194 (90.1)

131 (9.9)

61 (4.6)

56 (4.2)

214 (16.2)

972 (73.4)

22 (1.7)

 22 Oct–28 Oct

1,134 (90.3)

122 (9.7)

69 (5.5)

46 (3.7)

187 (14.9)

918 (73.1)

36 (2.9)

 29 Oct–4 Nov

1,072 (83.6)

211 (16.4)

75 (5.8)

44 (3.4)

175 (13.6)

957 (74.6)

32 (2.5)

 5 Nov–11 Nov

1,149 (81.0)

269 (19.0)

58 (4.1)

45 (3.2)

202 (14.2)

1,050 (74.0)

63 (4.4)

 12 Nov–18 Nov

1,344 (81.2)

311 (18.8)

94 (5.7)

71 (4.3)

223 (13.5)

1,135 (68.6)

132 (8.0)

 19 Nov–25 Nov

1,265 (76.0)

400 (24.0)

92 (5.5)

61 (3.7)

224 (13.5)

1,081 (64.9)

207 (12.4)

 26 Nov–2 Dec

1,341 (78.2)

374 (21.8)

103 (6.0)

75 (4.4)

205 (12.0)

987 (57.6)

345 (20.1)

 3 Dec–9 Dec

1,334 (75.6)

431 (24.4)

110 (6.2)

56 (3.2)

193 (10.9)

897 (50.8)

509 (28.8)

 10 Dec–16 Dec

1,288 (72.6)

485 (27.4)

94 (5.3)

76 (4.3)

186 (10.5)

821 (46.3)

596 (33.6)

 17 Dec–23 Dec

1,470 (75.5)

478 (24.5)

124 (6.4)

85 (4.4)

204 (10.5)

662 (34.0)

873 (44.8)

 24 Dec–30 Dec

1,240 (71.0)

506 (29.0)

97 (5.6)

72 (4.1)

169 (9.7)

534 (30.6)

874 (50.1)

  1. Analyzed 19,998 test results were from 17,080 participants (age: 80.9 ± 7.7 years [mean ± standard deviation], 42.3% male). Since some participants received one test and some received ≥ 2 tests during the study period., our participants received a mean of 1.2 tests per participant
  2. Abbreviations: SD standard deviation, PCR polymerase chain reaction