Table 2 Baseline of included studies, NA: Not available
Study ID | Study groups | Sample size | Age Mean (SD) | Gender (Male) n (total) | HBP at baseline Mean (SD) | Comorbidities n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kjolvmark 2012 [13] | Group 1 | 78 | 6.5 (5.04) | 1 (10) | 203 (187) | NA |
Group 2 | 7.7 (4.6) | 1 (5) | 113 (65) | NA | ||
Group 3 | 2 (4.25) | 7 (30) | 5 (29.5) | NA | ||
Group 4 | 7 (4.5) | 17 (33) | 4 (18.5) | NA | ||
Kjolvmark 2014 [12] | Definite Cystitis PC | 390 | 58 (54.81) | 6 (105) | 141.66 (149.62) | NA |
Definite Pyelonephritis PC | 51.33 (49.62) | 0 (12) | 345.66 (322.96) | NA | ||
Probable Cystitis | 54.33 (51.85) | 1 (29) | 98 (104.44) | NA | ||
Probable Pyelonephritis PC | 71 (NA) | 0 (1) | 386 (NA) | NA | ||
No UTI PC | 54.66 (51.11) | 11 (47) | 6.66 (6.66) | NA | ||
Controls | 57.33 (17.77) | 4 (25) | 10 (11.11) | NA | ||
Definite Cystitis H | 56 (62.29) | 2 (13) | 203.66 (308.97) | NA | ||
Definite Pyelonephritis H | 59 (56.59) | 26 (47) | 236.33 (258.48) | NA | ||
Probable Cystitis H | 51.33 (62.78) | 3 (10) | 92 (139.18) | NA | ||
Probable Pyelonephritis H | 56.33 (55.3) | 2 (5) | 279.33 (681.81) | NA | ||
No UTI H | 59 (55.7) | 51 (96) | 7.66 (6.77) | NA | ||
Kjolvmark 2016 [28] | Asymptomatic bacteriuria | 163 | 87.66 (5.39) | 4 (38) | 102.33 (151.77) | Urogenital disease 5 (13) , Malignancy 9 (24) , Diabetes mellitus 4 (11), Chronic obstructive disease 4 (11) |
Urinary tract infection | 87 (7.63) | 20 (49) | 257.33 (3.11) | |||
Indwelling catheter | 87.33 (8.044) | 15 (18) | 412 (320.98) | Urogenital disease 9 (50), Malignancy 6 (33), Diabetes mellitus 6 (33), Chronic obstructive disease 1 (6) | ||
Negative culture | 87 (8.36) | 15 (57) | 11.33 (17.49) | Urogenital disease 5 (9), Malignancy 7 (12), Diabetes mellitus 8 (14), Chronic obstructive disease 3 (5) | ||
Kong 2022 [24] | Infected group | 323 | 49 (44.97) | 64 (131) | Culture-positive group 162.66 Culture-negative group 132.66 (culture-positive group 72.66 culture negative group 80.53) | Cardiovascular disease: 33 (25), Respiratory disease 6 (5), Endocrine disease 12 (9), Central nervous system disease 29 (22), Digestive system disease 8 (6), No medical history 43 (33) |
Control group | 49 (41.9) | 62 (151) | NA | Cardiovascular disease: 39 (26), Respiratory disease 3 (2), Endocrine disease 10 (7%), Central nervous system disease 34 (23), Digestive system disease 12 (8), No medical history 48 (32) | ||
Linder 2011 [25] | Bacterial Meningitis | 174 | 51 (16) | 20 (41) | 415.33 (649.93) | 21 (41.1) |
Viral Encephalitis | 55 (13) | 10 (19) | 16.33 (30.43) | 4 (19) | ||
Viral Meningitis | 43 (17) | 6 (10) | 15.76 (31.73) | 1 (10) | ||
Neuroborreliosis | 53 (16) | 3 (7) | 5.6 (6.2) | 2 (6.7) | ||
Namiduru 2022 [11] | Bacterial meningitis | 97 | 40.19 (2.73) | 18 (37) | Serum HBP 14.98 – CSF HBP 7.81 (Serum HBP 1.1 - CSF HBP 0.2) | NA |
Tuberculosis meningitis | 42.6 (3.31) | 17 (30) | Serum HBP 6.89 - CSF HBP 6,11 (Serum HBP 0.4 - CSF HBP 0.3) | NA | ||
Viral meningitis | 45.4 (2.56) | 19 (30) | Serum HBP 6.02 - CSF HBP 5.75 (Serum HBP 0.4 - CSF HBP 0.1) | NA | ||
Obreja 2022 [10] | Bacterial Meningitis | 81 | 52.72 (20.03) | 29 (47) | HBP in CSF 66.00 HBP in blood: 4.86 (HBP in CSF 134.50 HBP in blood: 6.71) | Alcoholism 21 (44.7) Smoking 7 (14.9) |
Viral Meningitis | 57.2 (16.6) | 22 (34) | HBP in CSF 2.38 HBP in blood: 18.88 (HBP in CSF 5.63 HBP in blood: 58.13) | Alcoholism 12 (35.3) Smoking 9 (26.5) | ||
Zhang 2019 [27] | BII | 134 | 35.9 (16.8) | 23 (40) | 88.1 (38.2) | NA |
NBII | 36.9 (17.6) | 31 (54) | 30.1 (14.6) | NA | ||
Control | 36.2 (17.2) | 19 (40) | 23.56 (11.2) | NA | ||
Kandil 2018 [21] | Bacterial group | 90 | 24.7 (14.7) | 19 (30) | 192.2 (56.6) | NA |
Viral group | 24.7 (14.8) | 18 (30) | 3.7 (1.9) | NA | ||
Control group | 24.9 (14.3) | 12 (30) | 0.84 (0.3) | NA | ||
Yang 2022 [23] | Research group (bacterial & viral infection groups) | 195 | ≥5 years: 62(47.69) <5 years: 68 (52.31) | 81 (130) | Bacterial group: 31.58 (5.03). Viral: 25.21 (2.73) | NA |
Control group | ≥5 years: 32 (49.23) <5 years: 33 (50.77) | 37 (65) | 3.23 (0.82) | NA | ||
Niu 2019 [22] | Bacterial group | 497 | NA | NA | 62.1 (57.2) | NA |
Viral group | NA | NA | 9 (3.5) | NA | ||
Sepsis | NA | NA | 92.8 (37.6) | NA | ||
Tumor | NA | NA | 13.9 (10.6) | NA | ||
Cardiovascular Diseases | NA | NA | 27 (35.6) | NA | ||
Ren 2021 [26] | Purulent Meningitis | 308 | 3.6 (0.4) | 60 (118) | NA | NA |
Viral Meningitis | 3.7 (0.5) | 63 (110) | NA | NA | ||
Control group | 3.2 (0.6) | 41 (80) | NA | NA | ||
Chalupa 2011 [20] | Bacterial Infections group | 81 | 46.8 (18.2) | 27 (54) | 51 (31.9891) | NA |
Viral infections group | 42.8 (15.2) | 18 (27) | 21 (7.0441) | NA | ||
Lertdumrongluk 2015 [29] | APN | 32 | 1.6 (1.075) | 12 (17) | NA | NA |
Control group | 4.55 (2.96) | 9 (15) | NA | NA | ||
Cai 2021 [19] | Bacterial group | 102 | 69.93 (17.28) | 71(108) | 53.653 (33.79) | NA |
Fungal group | 67.76 (17.78) | 12 (21) | 62.47 (93.409) | NA | ||
Viral group | 64.79 (21.1) | 19 (33) | 11.727 (6.285) | NA |