Table 2 Literature review on Dialister spp. bacteremia cases
No. | Reported year | Age (years) | Sex | No. of positive blood culture bottles for Dialister spp. | Isolated Dialister spp. | Identification method | Polymicrobial bacteremia (isolated organisms other than Dialister spp.) | Time-to-positivity of blood culture of Dialister spp. | Diagnosis (source of bacteremia) | Complicated with infections of oral cavity | Complicated with sinusitis | Antimicrobial treatment | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2002 | 17 | M | One anaerobic bottle from two blood culture sets | Dialister pneumosintes | 16 S rRNA gene sequence analysis | No | 3 days (No detailed time was described) | Subdural empyema | No | Yes | Cefotaxime and metronidazole → oral amoxicillin and ofloxacin | Cured | [19] |
2 | 2006 | 27 | F | Unknown number of anaerobic bottles from three blood culture sets | Dialister pneumosintes | 16Â S rRNA gene sequence analysis | No | No detailed time was described | Postpartum vaginosis and pyogenic thrombosis of the ovarian veins | Not described | Not described | Imipinem and rifampicin | Cured | [10] |
3 | 2015 | 62 | F | Two anaerobic bottles from two blood culture sets | Dialister pneumosintes | 16 S rRNA gene sequence analysis | No | 36 and 41 h | Dental caries and sinusitis | Yes | Yes | Oral amoxicillin-clavulanate and ciprofloxacin → cefepime → cefepime and levofloxacin → levofloxacin | Cured | [8] |
4 | 2016 | 78 | F | One anaerobic bottle from two blood culture sets | Dialister pneumosintes | 16Â S rRNA gene sequence analysis | Yes (Slackia exigua) | 30Â h | Periapical abscess | Yes | Not described | Ceftriaxone and clindamycin | Cured | [5] |
5 | 2021 | 13 | F | One anaerobic bottle from unknown number of blood culture sets | Dialister pneumosintes | MALDI-TOF MS | No | 34 h | Pneumonia | No | Yes | Ceftriaxon → piperacillin/tazobactam → meropenem → oral ciprofloxacin and sultamicillin | Cured | [6] |
6 | 2021 | 30 | F | One anaerobic bottle from unknown number of blood culture sets | Dialister pneumosintes | 16 S rRNA gene sequence analysis | No | Detailed time not described | Neck and mediastinal abscess | Yes | Not described | Piperacillin/tazobactam → piperacillin/tazobactam and metronidazole → meropenem, vancomycin and oral fluconazole → oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and metronidazole | Cured | [7] |
7 | 2022 | 73 | F | Not described | Dialister pneumosintes | 16 S rRNA gene sequence analysis | No | 2 days (No detailed time was described) | Peritonsillar and retropharyngeal abscess | Yes | Not described | Ampicillin/sulbactam→ ampicillin/sulbactamand metronidazole → oral fluoroquinolone | Cured | [20] |
8 | 2023 | 75 | M | One anaerobic bottle from five blood culture sets | Dialister pneumosintes | MALDI-TOF MS | No | 37 h | Aortic graft infection | No | Not described | Piperacillin/tazobactam and vancomycin→benzylpenicillin and gentamicin→oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid | Cured | [21] |
8 | Present case | 47 | F | One anaerobic bottle from two blood culture sets | Dialister micraerophilus | 16 S rRNA gene sequence analysis, MALDI-TOF MS | Yes (Enterocloster clostridioformis and Eggerthella lenta) | 24 h 36 min | Pyometra | No | Not evaluated | Cefmetazole → oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid | Cured |  |