Table 4 Risk factors for carriage of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacterales: multilevel models

Intercept only

Estimate (Standard Error)

Odds Ratio (95% CI)

Estimate (Standard Error)

Odds Ratio (95% CI)

Intercept

−2.21** (0.16)

− 2.52** (0.38)

−3.16* (1.20)

Days per week attending the DCC

0.14 (0.09)

1.15 (0.96–1.38)

−0.11 (0.14)

0.89 (0.68–1.18)

Antimicrobial use (< 6 months)

0.29 (0.22)

1.34 (0.86–2.09)

0.53* (0.26)

1.70 (1.01–2.84)

Animal contact (< 6 months) – at home

−0.23 (0.23)

0.79 (0.51–1.25)

−0.06 (0.27)

0.94 (0.55–1.60)

Animal contact (< 6 months) – zoo

− 0.13 (0.24)

0.88 (0.55–1.41)

0.13 (0.27)

1.14 (0.67–1.94)

Travel abroad (< 6 months) – Asia

1.53* (0.74)

4.63 (1.08–19.90)

0.24 (1.26)

1.27 (0.11–14.98)

Country

0.95 (0.49)

2.57 (0.98–6.74)

Changing mat is intact and easy to clean

0.65 (0.82)

1.92 (0.38–9.65)

Changing mat is cleaned after each use

−0.75* (0.34)

0.48 (0.25–0.92)

Maximum temperature of fridge > = the national guideline

−0.04 (0.31)

0.96 (0.53–1.76)

Food within expire date

−0.48 (0.40)

0.62 (0.28–1.37)

Cleaning schedule for the kitchen

0.28 (0.34)

1.32 (0.67–2.59)

Dish cloths, towels and tea towels are not visually soiled

0.57 (0.54)

1.77 (0.61–5.16)

Staff wash their hands after changing a diaper of cleaning the nose/bum of a child

0.30 (0.32)

1.35 (0.72–2.54)

Staff does not wear rings

0.39 (0.33)

1.47 (0.77–2.81)

Staff does not wear wrist jewellery

0.27 (0.31)

1.31 (0.72–2.41)

Error variance

Level − 2 Intercept

0.88* (0.38)

0.50 (0.32)

0.32 (0.31)

Model Fit

-2 Log-likelihood

692.76

671.27

458.89

∆ log likelihood (∆df)

2

21.49 (5)

212.38 (10)

p-value

0.001

< 0.001

ICC_DCCgroups

0.21

0.13

0.09

AIC

696.76

685.27

523.14