Real-world effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir versus azvudine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during the omicron wave in Beijing: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Table 2 Study outcomes in nirmatrelvir-ritonavir group vs. azvudine

Outcomes	Crude incidence (%)	Person-days	Crude incidence rate per 1000 person-days (95% CI)	HR (95% CI) ^a
All-cause death ^b
Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir	36 (7.4%)	13,030	2.8 (2.1–3.6)	Reference
Azvudine	43 (8.8%)	12,746	3.4 (2.6–4.3)	1.27 (0.81–2.00)
Composite disease progression ^c
Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir	42 (8.6%)	12,804	3.3 (2.5–4.2)	Reference
Azvudine	49 (10.1%)	12,530	3.9 (3.1–4.9)	1.22 (0.80–1.86)
Clinical improvement ^d
Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir	376 (77.4%)	6818	55.1 (50.8–59.9)	Reference
Azvudine	389 (80.0%)	6366	61.1 (56.4–66.2)	1.10 (0.95–1.27)

HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
^aHR was estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression
^bDefined as all-cause mortality recorded within 28 days after exposure
^cDefined as new incidents of invasive mechanical ventilation or death within 28 days after exposure
^dDefined as 2 points or higher improvement in clinical symptoms recorded within 28 days after exposure

ISSN: 1471-2334