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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants before and after propensity-score matching

From: Real-world effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir versus azvudine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during the omicron wave in Beijing: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Characteristics a

Before matching

After 1:1 propensity-score matching

nirmatrelvir-ritonavir

(n = 909)

azvudine

(n = 563)

P for difference b

nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (n = 486)

azvudine

(n = 486)

P for difference b

Age, mean years

72.4 (17.8)

64.4 (22.0)

< 0.001

67.9 (17.4)

68.0 (19.9)

0.947

Sex (male)

592 (65.1%)

352 (62.5%)

0.339

315 (64.8%)

307 (63.2%)

0.64

Symptoms onset to exposure

8.0 [4.0–13.0]

7.5 [3.0–12.0]

0.087

8.0 [4.0–13.0]

8.0 [4.0–13.0]

0.959

 ≤5 days

319 (35.1%)

225 (40.0%)

 

176 (36.2%)

177 (36.4%)

 

 >5 days

570 (62.7%)

329 (58.4%)

0.142

303 (62.3%)

301 (61.9%)

0.963

 Unclear

20 (2.2%)

9 (1.6%)

 

7 (1.4%)

8 (1.6%)

 

Respiratory support

      

 No oxygen therapy required

165 (34.0%)

164 (33.7%)

 

165 (34.0%)

164 (33.7%)

 

 Requiring oxygen therapy

292 (60.1%)

289 (59.5%)

0.871

292 (60.1%)

289 (59.5%)

0.871

 Requiring HFNC or NPPV

29 (6.0%)

33 (6.8%)

 

29 (6.0%)

33 (6.8%)

 

WHO 8-point ordinal scale

3.7 ± 0.5

3.7 ± 0.6

0.079

3.7 ± 0.6

3.7 ± 0.6

0.779

Charlson comorbidity index

1.0 [0.0–3.0]

1.0 [0.0–3.0]

0.118

2.0 [0.0–3.0]

1.0 [0.0–3.0]

0.354

Pre-existing comorbid conditions

      

 Malignant tumors

195 (21.5%)

88 (15.6%)

0.007

98 (20.2%)

85 (17.5%)

0.325

 kidney transplantation

50 (5.5%)

23 (4.1%)

0.275

39 (8.0%)

21 (4.3%)

0.023

 chronic liver disease

125 (13.8%)

98 (17.4%)

0.068

86 (17.7%)

83 (17.1%)

0.866

 diabetes

267 (29.4%)

147 (26.1%)

0.196

149 (30.7%)

139 (28.6%)

0.527

 chronic kidney disease

117 (12.9%)

111 (19.7%)

0.001

69 (14.2%)

96 (19.8%)

0.026

 hypertension

445 (49.0%)

249 (44.2%)

0.087

233 (47.9%)

231 (47.5%)

0.949

 cardiovascular disease

258 (28.4%)

143 (25.4%)

0.234

121 (24.9%)

133 (27.4%)

0.422

 cerebrovascular diseases

153 (16.8%)

74 (13.1%)

0.067

79 (16.3%)

69 (14.2%)

0.422

 dementia

40 (4.4%)

18 (3.2%)

0.31

20 (4.1%)

17 (3.5%)

0.737

 connective tissue disease

29 (3.2%)

12 (2.1%)

0.3

16 (3.3%)

11 (2.3%)

0.435

Nosocomial infection

114 (12.5%)

81 (14.4%)

0.349

66 (13.6%)

70 (14.4%)

0.781

Laboratory results, mean (SD)

      

 White blood cell count, 109 cells/ L

5.8 [4.1–8.1]

5.8 [4.3–8.1]

0.745

5.7 [4.1–8.5]

5.8 [4.3–8.2]

0.686

 Lymphocyte count, 109 cells/ L

0.9 [0.6–1.2]

0.8 [0.5–1.3]

0.515

0.9 [0.5–1.3]

0.8 [0.5–1.2]

0.663

 Hemoglobin, g/L

119.8 ± 27.5

122.1 ± 25.5

0.099

121.1 ± 27.9

120.8 ± 24.6

0.819

 Albumin, g/L

34.5 ± 5.8

35.5 ± 6.8

0.004

35.1 ± 6.0

35.0 ± 6.4

0.686

 Alanine aminotransferase, U/L

22.1 [14.1–36.0]

20.0 [13.6–31.8]

0.003

23.0 [14.4–36.0]

20.0 [14.0–31.0]

0.021

 CRP, mg/L

22.9 [7.0–59.4]

22.3 [6.0–60.1]

0.934

23.7 [7.1–63.3]

23.1 [6.0–59.8]

0.481

 eGFR

88.5 [67.0–109.5]

95.0 [64.6–119.7]

0.034

91.5 [67.2–115.1]

93.9 [63.4–119.6]

0.721

Concomitant medications, No. (%)

      

 Corticosteroids use

390 (42.9%)

259 (46.0%)

0.267

228 (46.9%)

237 (48.8%)

0.607

 Tocilizumab use

44 (4.8%)

23 (4.1%)

0.584

28 (5.8%)

23 (4.7%)

0.565

  1. eGFR estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, CRP C-reactive protein, CCI Charlson comorbidity index, HFNC High Flow Nasal Cannula therapy, NPPV Non-invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation, WHO World Health Organization
  2. aData are presented as mean ± SD, n (%), or median (quartile 1-quartile 3)
  3. bP value reported for differences between two cohorts using t-test, chi-square test, or Wilcoxon rank test
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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