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Table 1 Demographic characteristics, comorbidity status and outcomes in patients suspected with COVID-19 and SARS-CoV2 PCR-positive hospitalized patients

From: Characteristics, outcome, duration of hospitalization, and cycle threshold of patients with COVID-19 referred to four hospitals in Babol City: a multicenter retrospective observational study on the fourth, fifth, and sixth waves

Characteristic

Total hospitalizations

p-value

SARS-CoV2 PCR Positive

p-value

Wave 01

(%)

4th (alpha) wave

N (%)

5th (delta) wave

N (%)

6th (omicron) wave

N (%)

Wave 0

N (%)

4th (alpha) wave

N (%)

5th (delta) wave

N (%)

6th (omicron) wave

N (%)

Overall

3417 (25.5)

2519 (18.9)

5231 (39.3)

2143 (16.1)

–

644 (10)

1402 (21.7)

3573 (55.3)

835 (12.9)

–

Median age, yrs., (IQR)

56 (39)

56 (31)

52 (28)

62 (38)

< 0.001

55 (27)

53 (24)

52 (23)

65 (34)

< 0.001

Mean ± SD, age, yrs

49.66 ± 27.4

53.6 ± 21.82

49.5 ± 21.7

54.3 ± 27.5

< 0.001

54.7 ± 19.3

53.5 ± 16.9

51.1 ± 17.4

58.6 ± 25.1

< 0.001

Age group, yrs.

  < 18 (n = 1690; 12.8%)

634 (18.8)

185 (7.4)

522 (10)

349 (16.4)

< 0.001

23 (3.6)

18 (1.3)

121 (3.4)

84 (10.1)

< 0.001

 18–49 (n = 3721; 28.1%)

776 (23)

781 (31)

1803 (34.6)

361 (16.9)

216 (33.6)

567 (40.4)

1445(40.5)

160 (19.2)

 50–64 (n = 3443; 26%)

737 (21.9)

686 (27.3)

1557 (29.9)

463 (21.7)

206 (32)

444 (31.7)

1215 (34)

166 (19.9)

 65-79 (n = 2908; 22%)

770 (22.9)

588 (23.4)

977 (18.7)

573 (26.9)

125 (19.4)

276 (19.7)

649 (18)

246 (29.5)

  ≥ 80 (n = 1468; 11.1%)

451 (13.4)

276 (11)

353 (6.8)

388 (18.2)

73 (11.4)

97 (6.9)

149 (4.2)

177 (21.2)

Sex

 Men

1754 (51.3)

1188 (47.2)

2392 (45.7)

1005 (46.9)

< 0.001

309 (48)

614 (43.8)

1533(42.9)

377 (45.1)

0.097

 Women

1663 (48.7)

1331 (52.8)

2839 (54.3)

1138 (53.1)

335 (52)

788 (56.2)

2040(57.1)

458 (54.9)

Underlying diseases

 CVD2

824 (24.1)

652 (25.9)

857 (16.4)

635 (29.6)

< 0.001

158 (24.5)

298 (21.3)

484 (13.5)

243 (29.1)

< 0.001

 Diabetics

592 (17.3)

433 (17.2)

751 (14.4)

397 (18.5)

< 0.001

116 (18)

236 (16.8)

520 (14.6)

173 (20.7)

< 0.001

 KD3

137 (4)

72 (2.9)

103 (2)

80 (3.7)

< 0.001

17 (2.6)

33 (2.4)

53 (1.5)

34 (4.1)

< 0.001

 Hypertension

444 (13)

195 (7.7)

372 (7.1)

239 (11.2)

< 0.001

102 (15.8)

101 (7.2)

232 (6.5)

92 (11)

< 0.001

 Malignancies

243 (7.1)

123 (4.9)

160 (3.1)

122 (5.7)

< 0.001

18 (2.8)

29 (2.1)

47 (1.3)

40 (4.8)

< 0.001

 RD4

136 (4)

82 (3.3)

100 (1.9)

73 (3.4)

< 0.001

15 (2.3)

49 (3.5)

54 (1.5)

29 (3.5)

< 0.001

 GID5

34 (1)

24 (0.95)

31 (0.62)

12 (0.54)

0.061

5 (0.8)

13 (0.9)

11 (0.33)

8 (0.9)

0.005

 BND6

230 (6.7)

132 (5.2)

119 (3.4)

160 (7.5)

< 0.001

35 (5.4)

48 (3.4)

84 (2.4)

75 (9)

< 0.001

 BD7

23 (0.7)

18 (0.7)

14 (0.3)

13 (0.6)

0.016

2 (0.3)

10 (0.7)

9 (0.3)

3 (0.4)

0.118

 Pregnancy

57 (1.7)

19 (0.8)

73 (1.4)

30 (1.4)

0.024

25 (3)

8 (0.6)

54 (1.5)

25 (3)

0.001

 Others8

25 (0.7)

31 (1.2)

29 (0.6)

21 (1)

0.012

3 (0.5)

19 (1.4)

12 (0.4)

11 (1.3)

< 0.001

Comorbidities

 No Comorbidities

1570 (45.9)

1219 (48.4)

3346 (64)

967 (45.1)

< 0.001

307 (47.7)

767 (57.7)

2458(68.8)

344 (41.2)

< 0.001

 One

1187 (34.7)

917 (36.4)

1258 (24)

725 (33.8)

222 (34.5)

455 (32.5)

749 (21)

301 (36)

  > = Two

660 (19.3)

383 (15.2)

627 (12)

451 (21)

115 (17.9)

180 (12.8)

366 (10.2)

190 (22.8)

Hospitalization outcome

 Length of stay, days, median (IQR)

5 (4)

5 (4)

5 (3)

5 (5)

< 0.001

5 (3)

5 (3)

5 (3)

5 (4)

0.066

 Length of stay, days, Mean ± SD

7.6 ± 9.0

7.5 ± 11.3

7.1 ± 8.6

6.6 ± 6.0

< 0.001

7.03 ± 10.9

6.6 ± 9.4

6.7 ± 7.5

6.3 ± 5.7

0.744

 ICU admission

139 (4.1)

97 (3.9)

176 (3.4)

75 (3.5)

0.344

49 (7.6)

62 (4.4)

138 (3.9)

42 (5)

< 0.001

 In-hospital death

72 (2.1)

167 (6.6)

139 (2.7)

43 (2)

< 0.001

17 (2.6)

95 (6.8)

96 (2.7)

29 (3.5)

< 0.001

  1. 1) Wave 0: related to between waves of SARS-CoV-2 Infections; 2) CVD: Cardiovascular Diseases; 3) KD: Kidney Diseases; 4) RD: Respiratory Disorders; 5) GID: Gastrointestinal Diseases; 6) BND) Brain & Neurologic Diseases; 7) BD: Blood Disorders; 8) Others including: Special diseases, Thyroiditis, Lupus and Immunodeficiency diseases