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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric MRSA bacteremia between the two study periods

From: The molecular epidemiology and clinical implication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence types in pediatric bacteremia: a restrospective observational study, 2016–2021

Characteristics

Total

(n = 77)

Period 1

(2016–2018)

(n = 52)

Period 2

(2019–2021)

(n = 25)

P-value

Age, year (median, IQR)

1.0 (0.0–6.0)

0.0 (0.0–3.0)

2.0 (0.0–9.0)

0.09

Male

45(58.4)

31 (59.6)

11 (40.4)

0.76

Underlying disease

71 (92.5)

47 (90.4)

21 (96.0)

0.66

 Heart disease

26 (33.8)

17 (32.7)

9 (36.0)

0.77

 Gastrointestinal disease

19 (24.7)

11 (21.2)

8 (32.0)

0.30

 Hemato-oncologic disease

19 (24.7)

13 (25.0)

6 (24.0)

0.92

 Neurologic disease

12 (15.6)

3 (5.8)

9 (36.0)

< 0.01

 Renal disease

7 (9.1)

4 (7.7)

3 (12.0)

0.68

 Chronic lung disease

7 (9.1)

4 (7.7)

3 (12.0)

0.68

 Endocrinologic disease

7 (9.1)

4 (7.7)

3 (12.0)

0.68

 Metabolic disease

5 (6.5)

3 (5.8)

2 (8.0)

0.66

 Preterm birth (GA < 37weeks)

14 (18.2)

11 (21.2)

3 (12.0)

0.53

 Stem cell transplantation a

7 (9.1)

5 (9.6)

2 (8.0)

> 0.99

 Solid organ transplantation a

2 (2.6)

1 (1.9)

1 (4.0)

0.55

Recent surgery within 1 year

46 (59.7)

28 (53.8)

18 (72.0)

0.13

Immunosuppressive treatment b within 1 month

19 (25.0)

12 (23.1)

7 (29.2)

0.57

Presence of central venous catheter

65 (84.4)

42 (80.8)

23 (92.0)

0.32

ICU stay at the onset of bacteremia

42 (54.5)

30 (57.7)

12 (48.0)

0.42

MRSA colonization before infection

43 (55.8)

30 (57.7)

13 (52.0)

0.64

Place of acquisition

    

 Hospital onset

    

  Hospital-acquired infection

55 (71.4)

37 (71.2)

18 (72.0)

0.94

 Community onset

    

  Healthcare-associated infection

19 (24.7)

14 (26.9)

5 (20.0)

0.51

  Community-acquired infection

3 (3.9)

1 (1.9)

2 (8.0)

0.25

Primary source of infection

    

 Central venous catheter infection c

39 (50.6)

23 (44.2)

16 (64.0)

0.10

 Skin/soft tissue infection

8 (10.4)

6 (11.5)

2 (8.0)

> 0.99

 Pneumonia

6 (7.8)

4 (7.7)

2 (8.0)

> 0.99

 Surgical site infection d

4 (5.2)

3 (5.8)

1 (4.0)

> 0.99

 Infective endocarditis

3 (3.9)

2 (3.8)

1 (4.0)

> 0.99

 Bone and joint infection

2 (2.6)

0 (0.0)

2 (8.0)

0.10

 Primary bacteremia

15 (19.5)

14 (26.9)

1 (4.0)

0.03

Severe presentation

13 (16.9)

7 (13.5)

6 (24.0)

0.33

 Vasopressor use

8 (10.4)

6 (11.5)

2 (8.0)

> 0.99

 Mechanical ventilation

7 (9.1)

3 (5.8)

4 (16.0)

0.26

Recurrence of MRSA bacteremia

7 (9.1)

4 (7.7)

3 (12.0)

0.68

Duration of bacteremia, days (median, IQR)

3.0, (1.0–4.0)

2.0, (1.0–3.0)

3.0, (1.0–7.0)

0.30

Persistent bacteremia

    

 3-day

22 (28.9)

11 (21.6)

11 (44.0)

0.04

 7-day

9 (12.0)

4 (7.8)

5 (20.8)

0.13

Mortality

    

 MRSA-related mortality

3 (3.9)

3 (5.8)

0 (0.0)

0.55

 30-day all-cause mortality

8 (10.4)

5 (9.6)

3 (12.0)

0.71

  1. Data are presented as number (%) unless otherwise specified
  2. Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; ICU, invasive care unit; GA, gestational age
  3. Notes: a Solid organ transplantation (SOT) or stem cell transplantation (SCT) received within 1 year. Both episodes in SOT recipients occurred within 3 months after the SOT, while all seven episodes in SCT recipients occurred within 1 year post-SCT.
  4. b Immunosuppressive treatment includes high-dose steroids (≥ 14days), and immunosuppressant use (≥ 7 days) within 1 month of bacteremia onset
  5. c Among these, 9 (23.1%) had complicated central venous catheter-related infections such as venous thrombi
  6. d Two cases had mediastinitis, and the other two cases had complicated pleural effusion
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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