Fig. 4

In-depth characterization of the CD4⁺ T cell compartment. (A) Percentage analyses of Cluster 07 (CD38^highICOS^highCD57⁻), Cluster 17 (HLA-DR^highCD57⁻) and Cluster 20 (PD-1^highCD57⁺) of CD4⁺ T cells among conditions. Significant differences are indicated by *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001. (B) Spearman’s rank correlation plot of the CD4/CD8 ratio, CD4⁺ T count, and viral reservoir parameters with proportions of the three clusters. Each dot represents one participant. (C) Boxplots showing the expression of selected markers for the above mentioned three CD4⁺ T clusters. Groups are shown in different colors. Horizontal lines represent median values, with whiskers extending to the farthest data point within a maximum of the 1.5× interquartile range. *P < 0.01; **P < 0.001; ***P < 0.0001. Differences between each group were analyzed using a two-sided unpaired Mann–Whitney U-test